Matrix-Based Operation Method for Detecting Structural Isomorphism of Planetary Gear Train Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
Hanqiao Sun ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Peng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Synthesis Algorithm ◽  
Automatic Transmissions ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Transmission Structure ◽  
Structural Isomorphism ◽  
Hybrid Configuration ◽  
Isomorphic Structure

Abstract Planetary gear sets (PGSs) have been widely used in automatic transmissions (AT) and dedicated hybrid transmissions (DHTs). In this paper, a novel isomorphic detection method for planetary gear transmission structure is proposed based on matrix operation. The isomorphic detection process includes two main parts. In the first part, various components of the transmission structure are classified. In the second part, isomorphic structures of the numerous structures are detected. Through the application of the proposed detection approach, the structures obtained by different synthesis algorithms can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, by the analysis and transformation of the hybrid configuration to conventional transmission configuration, the scope of use of the algorithm can be expanded through the method. The proposed detection approach is capable of automatically detecting the isomorphic structure of the potential structures obtained by synthesis algorithm.

THE INNOVATIVE DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONS FOR ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLES

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long-Chang Hsieh ◽  
Hsiu-Chen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Check List ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Planetary Gear Train ◽  
Kinematic Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Automatic Transmissions ◽  
List Method

Due to the reason of pollution-free, electric motorcycle become more and more popular in city traffic. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the invention of planetary gear automatic transmissions for electric motorcycles. First, applying the check list method (combining and extending methods), the design concepts are proposed. Then, based on the train value equation of planetary gear train, we derive reduction-ratio equations of these planetary gear automatic transmissions. In this paper, five new design concepts including three 3-speed and two 4-speed are synthesized. Three examples of the kinematic design of planetary gear automatic transmissions are accomplished to illustrate the design methodology.

Dynamic Analysis of a Planetary Gear System

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Donley ◽  
Glen C. Steyer
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Planetary Gear System ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Gear Meshes

Abstract Noise reduction in geared systems is usually achieved by minimizing transmission error or by changing the gear train’s dynamic response. While considerable research has been directed in the past to understanding and controlling the transmission error, the same can not be said of the system dynamic response. Recent efforts at modifying the dynamic response to reduce the sensitivity to transmission error have proven to be very rewarding for parallel shaft gearing applications. In this paper, these efforts are extended to planetary gear set applications. A major difference between planetary gear sets and parallel shaft gears is that in planetary gear sets many gear meshes carry load instead of just one. This feature poses a modeling problem as to how to combine responses due to transmission errors at each loaded mesh to determine the total response. A method is proposed in this paper in which transmission errors at different gear meshes are combined into net vertical, net lateral and net tangential transmission errors. A methodology for computing dynamic mesh force response due to these net transmission errors and for identifying critical components that control the gear train system dynamics is presented. These techniques are useful in understanding the effects of system dynamics on gear noise and in developing quiet gear design. To demonstrate the salient features of the proposed method, an example analysis of a transmission with a planetary gear set is presented.

The Kinematic Design of Three-Speed Automatic Transmission for Electric Motorcycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 979-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chang Hsieh ◽  
Hsiu Chen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Kinematic Design ◽  
Automatic Transmissions ◽  
Gear Trains

Motorcycle is invented so far more than 100 years. Because of having the advantages of light weight, cheap and fast-moving, motorcycle becomes the most popular traffic vehicle. Traditionally, the power systems of motorcycles are internal combustion engines. Recently, due to the reason of energy-saving, and carbon reduction, the engine in motorcycle is substituted by electric motor. Hence, due to the reason of pollution-free, electric motorcycle become more and more popular in city traffic. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems for electric motorcycles. The purpose of this work is to do the kinematic design of three-speed planetary gear type automatic transmissions for electric motorcycles. First, according to the train value equation of planetary gear train, The reduction ratio equations of planetary gear type automatic transmissions can be derived. Then , based on these reduction ratio equations, the kinematic design of three-speed planetary gear type automatic transmission is accomplished. Based on the proposed methodology, all three-speed planetary gear type automatic transmissions can be synthesized.

Axial Thrust Force of Compound Planetary Spur Gear Set

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Fuchun ◽  
Zhou Jutao ◽  
Zhou Xiaojun ◽  
Zhu Hongqing
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Force ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Axial Thrust ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Automatic Transmissions ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Torsional Pendulum ◽  
Theory Calculation

Planetary gears are widely used in automotive and aerospace applications. Traditionally, automatic transmissions have four forward speeds, which can be achieved by using two planes of single pinion (sun-pinion-ring) planetary gear sets. Recently, there is a trend that transmissions have more than five forward speeds, which make compound planetary gear sets with two pinions (ring- or sun-pinion1-pinion2-ring) becoming common. Due to demands for higher power density and compactness, needle bearings are often used in these gear sets. There are significant axial thrust forces between the pinions and the carrier, which could lead to excessive wear of thrust faces and deterioration of bearing system performance. In this paper, we analyzed generation mechanism of axial thrust force in compound planetary spur gear set and calculated the axial thrust force. It was shown that axial thrust force always exists because of the torsional pendulum torque acting on the long planet. Experimental test for a compound planetary spur gear was taken to study axial thrust force and validate the theory calculation.

Performance Modeling and Optimization of a Novel Multi-mode Hybrid Powertrain

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
H. Lin ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
C. Mi
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Configuration ◽  
Multi Mode

This paper presents a systematic model for the operation simulation and optimization of a novel multi-mode hybrid powertrain. The hybrid configuration proposed in the paper features a planetary gear train for an electric CVT mode in addition to lay-shaft gears for multiple speed ratios and realizes six operation modes in a simple structure. Detailed component level models were established for the multi-mode hybrid transmission and integrated to the overall vehicle model according to the system configuration using the Simulink/Advisor platform. The vehicle control strategy was then established with the objective to optimize the overall vehicle operation and each hybrid operation mode in terms of fuel economy and emission levels. The performance of the proposed hybrid vehicle system was studied using the developed model under various operation conditions and benchmarked with a current market model with leading performance parameters. The proposed hybrid configuration shows substantial improvements over the benchmark and is validated as a viable hybrid design based on the model simulation.

A Generalized Kinematics and Power Flow Analysis Methodology for Automatic Transmission Gear Trains

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kahraman ◽  
K. Kienzle ◽  
D. M. Zini
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Power Flow Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Transmission Gear

A generalized formulation for analyzing speeds and forces of the gear components of planetary automatic transmissions is proposed. The formulation is capable of analyzing any typical one-degree-of-freedom automatic transmission gear train containing any number of simple, compound or complex-compound planetary gear sets. It consists of three components: a kinematic analysis formulation, a gear ratio and kinematic configuration search algorithm, and a power flow analysis formulation. The kinematics module computes rotational speeds of gears and carriers. Given the type and number of planetary gear sets, the search module determines all possible kinematic configurations and gear tooth count combinations that result in a required set of gear ratios while eliminating all kinematic redundancies and unfavorable clutching sequences. The third component, the power-flow analysis formulation, performs a complete static force (power flow) analysis to determine all gear and bearing forces, and clutch and connection torque values. A five-speed transmission example is considered to highlight the capabilities of the proposed formulation.

Modeling of an Automotive Planetary Gear Set Based on Karnopp Model for Clutch Friction

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josˇko Deur ◽  
Jahan Asgari ◽  
Davor Hrovat
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Automatic Transmissions ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Simulation Time

Planetary gear sets of automotive automatic transmissions include several hydraulic and one-way clutches. Clutch friction is traditionally described by the generalized, Stribeck, speed-dependent static function approximated by a steep straight line in the zero-speed region (so-called classical friction model). Another approach based on the Karnopp clutch friction model is proposed in this paper. Simulation results for park/reverse engagement and 1–2 upshift shows that the proposed gear set modeling method compared to the classical friction modelbased method yields significant improvement with respect to simulation time, as well as accuracy.

Dynamic modelling and parametric optimization of a full hybrid transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Guo ◽  
Jianwu Zhang ◽  
Haisheng Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Compound Type ◽  
Tooth Modification ◽  
Hybrid Transmission ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets ◽  
Type Power

In this paper, vibro-impact-induced gear whine radiated by full hybrid transmission equipped with a compound type power-split planetary gear train is investigated. For accurate simulations of the planetary gear set vibrations, an integrated dynamic model of the transmission is established using professional software MASTA, on which compliance effects of gear pairs, bearings, shafts, housing and planetary carrier are counted for. Numerical analyses are carried out for dynamic responses of the hybrid transmission. Bench tests are also conducted for the present model validation. Computational effort is made to recognize parametrically resonate patterns that cause gear whine in experiment. An optimal tooth modification design is presented for the real planetary gear set. It is shown by test results using the optimized planetary gear sets that gear whine responses of the gearboxes are considerably improved.

A Kinematics and Power Flow Analysis Methodology for Automatic Transmission Planetary Gear Trains

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1071-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kahraman ◽  
H. Ligata ◽  
K. Kienzle ◽  
D. M. Zini
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Power Flow Analysis ◽  
Planetary Gear Sets

A generalized formulation for analyzing speeds and forces of the gear components of planetary automatic transmissions is proposed. The formulation is capable of analyzing any typical one-degree-of-freedom automatic transmission gear train containing any number of simple, compound or complex-compound planetary gear sets. The formulation consists of three components: a kinematic analysis formulation to compute rotational speeds of gears and carriers, a gear ratio and kinematic configuration search algorithm, and a power flow analysis formulation. The kinematics component computes rotational speeds of gears and carriers. Given the type and number of planetary gear sets, the search algorithm determines all possible kinematic configurations and gear tooth count combinations that result in a required set of gear ratios while eliminating all kinematic redundancies and unfavorable clutching sequences. The third component, the power-flow analysis formulation, performs a complete static force (power-flow) analysis to determine all gear and bearing forces and moments, and clutch and connection torque values. A five-speed transmission example is considered to highlight the capabilities of the proposed formulation.

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