Investigation of Tool Errors and Their Influences on Tooth Surface Topography for Face-Hobbed Hypoid Gears

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Liang ◽  
Chaosheng Song ◽  
Caichao Zhu ◽  
Yawen Wang ◽  
Siyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Angle Error ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Pressure Angle ◽  
Deviation Analysis ◽  
Surface Deviation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Tool errors are inevitable in an actual gear-manufacturing environment and may directly affect the accuracy of machined tooth surfaces. In this paper, tool errors including spheric radius, pressure angle, rake angle, regrind angle, and cutting side relief angle errors for three-face blade are defined and considered to establish the accurate tooth surface mathematical model for face-hobbed hypoid gears based on the manufacturing process and the meshing theory. The simulation flowchart for tooth surface modeling and tooth surface topography deviation analysis are proposed and performed. Results show that the tooth surface deviation is positive with positive spheric radius and rake angle errors and contrary results can be found for other three tool errors. In addition, the impact of the pressure angle error is the strongest. In addition, the rake angle error has the weakest effect and the influence of spheric radius error on the tooth surface deviation is unsubstantial. For location of tooth surface deviation, the maximum deviation is at the top on the heel and the minimum deviation is at the middle on the toe for spheric radius error. The maximum and minimum deviations are at the top and the middle tooth on the heel for other factors, respectively.

Mathematical Model and Surface Deviation of Helipoid Gears Cut by Shaper Cutters

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Long Wu ◽  
Chia-Chang Liu ◽  
Chung-Biau Tsay ◽  
Shigeyoshi Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Surface Deviations ◽  
Surface Deviation

Crossed-axis helical gears and hypoid gears are two conventional crossed-axis power transmission devices. Helipoid gears, a novel gear proposed herein, possess the merits of the crossed-axis helical and hypoid gears. A mathematical model of the proposed helipoid gear cut by shapers is also derived according to the cutting mechanism and the theory of gearing. The investigation shows that the tooth surface varies with the number of teeth of the shaper. Computer graphs of the helipoid gear are presented according to the developed gear mathematical model, and the tooth surface deviations due to the number of teeth of the shaper are also investigated.

The Impact of Meshing Transmission of Arc Gear by Hobbing Method and Central Distance Error

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 2534-2539
Author(s):  
Zhong Yi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Mesh Point ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Literature Report ◽  
Surface Equation ◽  
Distance Error ◽  
Pressure Angle ◽  
The Impact

The tooth profile of arc gear is no longer arc after hob process, it’s a section of curve which is similar to the arc. Although there have been confirmed that this curve which is similar to the arc can make sure that the transmission ratio and meshing point of two gears will not change ,pressure angle at the meshing point will certainly change, and there is also no literature report how much this curve has impact on pressure angle. The impact of meshing transmission of arc gear by central distance error researched by current literature is based on arc tooth profile, this study is not suitable for the tooth profile processed by hob, and there is no literature report how much central distance error has impact on transmission ratio, pressure angle and mesh point of arc gear which processed by hob. In this article, the author has work out this problem by use tooth surface equation.

System of Automatic Correction and Measurement for Hypoid Gears

2011 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Xing Li ◽  
Xiao Zhong Deng ◽  
Zhen Shan Gao ◽  
Ju Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Automatic Correction ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Surface Deviation ◽  
Deviation Measurement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Surface Precision ◽  
Correction System

The system of automatic correction and deviation measurement of hypoid gears is the basic platform for the digital closed-loop manufacturing technology. Based on the gear measuring center and the numerical controlled gear milling machine, a measurement and correction system is developed by the application of Visual C++ and Fortran. The architecture and the implement of the main modules are elaborated. Experiments and applications indicate that the tooth surface deviation can be effectively reduced by the system of automatic correction and measurement, and the stability of tooth surface precision and manufacturing quality is improved. It would provide the foundation for the digitalization of manufacture and quality control of hypoid gears.

Tooth surface error correction of hypoid gears machined by duplex helical method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-xing Wu ◽  
Hong-zhi Yan ◽  
Zhi-yong Wang ◽  
Ren-gui Bi ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Error ◽  
Hypoid Gears

Duplex Spread Blade Method for Cutting Hypoid Gears with Modified Tooth Surface

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kawasaki ◽  
H. Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Ring Gear ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Straight Line

In this paper, a duplex spread blade method for cutting hypoid gears with modified tooth surface is proposed. The duplex spread blade method provides a rapid and economical manufacturing method because both the ring gear and pinion are cut by a spread blade method. In the proposed method, the nongenerated ring gear is manufactured with cutting edge that is altered from the usual straight line to a circular arc with a large radius of curvature and the circular arc cutting edge produces a modified tooth surface. The pinion is generated by a cutter with straight cutting edges as usual. The main procedure of this method is the determination of the cutter specifications and machine settings. The proposed method was validated by gear manufacture.

Influence of the backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic behavior of compound planetary gear set

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (11) ◽  
pp. 2025-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijing Wu ◽  
Haibo Zhang ◽  
Xiaosun Wang ◽  
Zeming Peng ◽  
Kangkang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Gear Transmission ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Backlash is a key internal excitation on the dynamic response of planetary gear transmission. After the gear transmission running for a long time under load torque, due to tooth wear accumulation, the backlash between the tooth surface of two mating gears increases, which results in a larger and irregular backlash. However, the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear is generally neglected in lots of dynamics analysis for epicyclic gear trains. In order to investigate the impact of backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic behavior of compound planetary gear set, in this work, first a static tooth surface wear prediction model is incorporated with a dynamic iteration methodology to get the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear for one pair of mating teeth under the condition that contact ratio equals to one. Then in order to introduce the tooth accumulated wear into dynamic model of compound planetary gear set, the backlash excitation generated by tooth accumulated wear for each meshing pair in compound planetary gear set is given under the condition that contact ratio equals to one and does not equal to one. Last, in order to investigate the impact of the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear on dynamic response of compound planetary gear set, a nonlinear lumped-parameter dynamic model of compound planetary gear set is employed to describe the dynamic relationships of gear transmission under the internal excitations generated by worn profile, meshing stiffness, transmission error, and backlash. The results indicate that the introduction of the increasing backlash generated by tooth accumulated wear makes a significant influence on the bifurcation and chaotic characteristics, dynamic response in time domain, and load sharing behavior of compound planetary gear set.

Optimal Tooth Modifications in Hypoid Gears

2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilmos Simon
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Hypoid Gear ◽  
Tooth Contact ◽  
Hypoid Gears ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Tool Profile

A method for the determination of optimal tooth modifications in hypoid gears based on improved load distribution and reduced transmission errors is presented. The modifications are introduced into the pinion tooth surface by using a cutter with bicircular profile and optimal diameter. In the optimization of tool parameters the influence of shaft misalignments of the mating members is included. As the result of these modifications a point contact of the meshed teeth surfaces appears instead of line contact; the hypoid gear pair becomes mismatched. By using the method presented in (Simon, V., 2000, “Load Distribution in Hypoid Gears,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 122, pp. 529–535) the influence of tooth modifications introduced on tooth contact and transmission errors is investigated. Based on the results that was obtained the radii and position of circular tool profile arcs and the diameter of the cutter for pinion teeth generation were optimized. By applying the optimal tool parameters, the maximum tooth contact pressure is reduced by 16.22% and the angular position error of the driven gear by 178.72%, in regard to the hypoid gear pair with a pinion manufactured by a cutter of straight-sided profile and of diameter determined by the commonly used methods.

scholarly journals Multi-Channeled Polymeric Microsystem for Studying the Impact of Surface Topography on Cell Adhesion and Motility

Polymers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2371-2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Diaz Lantada ◽  
Hernán Alarcón Iniesta ◽  
Josefa García-Ruíz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A Multi-Objective Approach to Mitigate Negative Side Effects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Saisubramanian ◽  
Ece Kamar ◽  
Shlomo Zilberstein
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
The Impact

Agents operating in unstructured environments often create negative side effects (NSE) that may not be easy to identify at design time. We examine how various forms of human feedback or autonomous exploration can be used to learn a penalty function associated with NSE during system deployment. We formulate the problem of mitigating the impact of NSE as a multi-objective Markov decision process with lexicographic reward preferences and slack. The slack denotes the maximum deviation from an optimal policy with respect to the agent's primary objective allowed in order to mitigate NSE as a secondary objective. Empirical evaluation of our approach shows that the proposed framework can successfully mitigate NSE and that different feedback mechanisms introduce different biases, which influence the identification of NSE.

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