A Surface Connectivity-Based Approach for Leakage Channel Prediction in Static Sealing Interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Shao ◽  
Yaxiang Yin ◽  
Shichang Du ◽  
Lifeng Xi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Spatial Connectivity ◽  
Channel Prediction ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Correlation Parameters

Leakage susceptibility is significant for the functionalization of engineering products, and surface topography plays a crucial role in forming the leakage channel in static sealing interface. This paper proposes a surface connectivity-based approach to predict the leakage channel in static sealing interface. The proposed approach consists of three modules including contact surface generation, leakage parameters definition, and leakage channel prediction. A high-definition metrology (HDM) instrument is adopted to measure the three-dimensional (3D) surface. The contact surface that can be considered as the sealing interface is generated by assembling the virtual gasket surface and waviness surface. Considering the spatial connectivity, two kinds of leakage parameters including connectivity parameters and correlation parameters are proposed to describe the characteristics of the contact surface. Meantime, a novel prediction algorithm is developed to directly indicate the potential leakage channel of the surface. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is valid to be accurate and effective, which can provide valuable information for surface topography and static sealing performance.

Leakage Monitoring in Static Sealing Interface Based on Three Dimensional Surface Topography Indicator

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Shao ◽  
Yaxiang Yin ◽  
Shichang Du ◽  
Tangbin Xia ◽  
Lifeng Xi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
3D Surface Topography ◽  
Leakage Monitoring

Leakage directly affects the functional behavior of a product in engineering practice, and surface topography is one of the main factors in static seal to prevent leakage. This paper aims at monitoring the leakage in static sealing interface, using three-dimensional (3D) surface topography as an indicator. The 3D surface is measured by a high definition metrology (HDM) instrument that can generate millions of data points representing the entire surface. The monitoring approach proposes a series of novel surface leakage parameters including virtual gasket, contact area percentage (CAP), void volume (VV), and relative void volume (SWvoid) as indicators. An individual control chart is adopted to monitor the leakage surface of the successive machining process. Meantime, based on the Persson contact mechanics and percolation theory, the threshold of leakage parameter is found using finite element modeling (FEM). Experimental results indicate that the proposed monitoring method is valid to precontrol the machining process and prevent leakage occurring.

3D Machined Surface Topography Forecasting With Space-Time Multioutput Support Vector Regression Using High Definition Metrology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Shao ◽  
Shichang Du ◽  
Lifeng Xi
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Cylinder Block ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Machined Surface

Satisfied surface topography is important to achieve the function of a part, thereby machined surface prediction is essential. A surface forecasting model called space-time multioutput support vector regression (STMSVR) is developed in this paper. With machined surfaces pervading in manufacturing, high definition metrology (HDM) is adopted to measure the three dimensional machined surface. Millions of data points are generated to represent the entire surface. The STMSVR model captures the spatial-temporal characteristics of the successively machined surface and predicts the future surface. To verify the prediction accuracy of STMSVR, a case study on the engine cylinder block face milling process is applied. The results indicate that the developed model achieves a good agreement between the predicted surface and the real surface using four important indexes.

scholarly journals Combining 3D Structured Light Imaging and Spine X-ray Data Improves Visualization of the Spinous Lines in the Scoliotic Spine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Sławomir Paśko ◽  
Wojciech Glinkowski
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spinous Processes

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional trunk and spinal deformity. Patient evaluation is essential for the decision-making process and determines the selection of specific and adequate treatment. The diagnosis requires a radiological evaluation that exposes patients to radiation. This exposure reaches hazardous levels when numerous, repetitive radiographic studies are required for diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment. Technological improvements in radiographic devices have significantly reduced radiation exposure, but the risk for patients remains. Optical three-dimensional surface topography (3D ST) measurement systems that use surface topography (ST) to screen, diagnose, and monitor scoliosis are safer alternatives to radiography. The study aimed to show that the combination of plain X-ray and 3D ST scans allows for an approximate presentation of the vertebral column spinous processes line in space to determine the shape of the spine’s deformity in scoliosis patients. Twelve patients diagnosed with scoliosis, aged 13.1 ± 4.5 years (range: 9 to 20 years) (mean: Cobb angle 17.8°, SD: ±9.5°) were enrolled in the study. Patients were diagnosed using full-spine X-ray and whole torso 3D ST. The novel three-dimensional assessment of the spinous process lines by merging 3D ST and X-ray data in patients with scoliosis was implemented. The method’s expected uncertainty is less than 5 mm, which is better than the norm for a standard measurement tool. The presented accuracy level is considered adequate; the proposed solution is accurate enough to monitor the changes in the shape of scoliosis’s spinous processes line. The proposed method allows for a relatively precise calculation of the spinous process lines based on a three-dimensional point cloud obtained with a four-directional, three-dimensional structured light diagnostic system and a single X-ray image. The method may help reduce patients’ total radiation exposure and avoid one X-ray in the sagittal projection if biplanar radiograms are required for reconstructing the three-dimensional line of the spinous processes line.

scholarly journals Estimation of 6D Object Pose Using a 2D Bounding Box

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2939
Author(s):  
Yong Hong ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Zahid Jahangir ◽  
Sheng He ◽  
Qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unit Vector ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Bounding Box ◽  
Dimensional Unit ◽  
Bounding Boxes ◽  
Rgb Image

This paper provides an efficient way of addressing the problem of detecting or estimating the 6-Dimensional (6D) pose of objects from an RGB image. A quaternion is used to define an object′s three-dimensional pose, but the pose represented by q and the pose represented by -q are equivalent, and the L2 loss between them is very large. Therefore, we define a new quaternion pose loss function to solve this problem. Based on this, we designed a new convolutional neural network named Q-Net to estimate an object’s pose. Considering that the quaternion′s output is a unit vector, a normalization layer is added in Q-Net to hold the output of pose on a four-dimensional unit sphere. We propose a new algorithm, called the Bounding Box Equation, to obtain 3D translation quickly and effectively from 2D bounding boxes. The algorithm uses an entirely new way of assessing the 3D rotation (R) and 3D translation rotation (t) in only one RGB image. This method can upgrade any traditional 2D-box prediction algorithm to a 3D prediction model. We evaluated our model using the LineMod dataset, and experiments have shown that our methodology is more acceptable and efficient in terms of L2 loss and computational time.

scholarly journals Using a 4K three-dimensional exoscope system (Vitom 3D) for mastoid surgery during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
M Ally ◽  
P Kullar ◽  
G Mochloulis ◽  
A Vijendren
Keyword(s):  
Residual Disease ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Microscopic Surgery ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
Mastoid Surgery ◽  
And Training

Abstract Objective Microscopic surgery is currently considered the ‘gold standard’ for middle-ear, mastoid and lateral skull base surgery. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has made microscopic surgery more challenging to perform. This work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of the Vitom 3D system, which integrates a high-definition (4K) view and three-dimensional technology for ear surgery, within the context of the pandemic. Method Combined approach tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty were performed for cholesteatoma using the Vitom 3D system exclusively. Results Surgery was performed successfully. The patient made a good recovery, with no evidence of residual disease at follow up. The compact system has excellent depth of field, magnification and colour. It enables ergonomic work, improved work flow, and is ideal for teaching and training. Conclusion The Vitom 3D system is considered a revolutionary alternative to microscope-assisted surgery, particularly in light of coronavirus disease 2019. It allows delivery of safe otological surgery, which may aid in continuing elective surgery.

Novel application of three-dimensional HDlive imaging in prenatal diagnosis from the first trimester

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Kimata Pooh ◽  
Asim Kurjak
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnostics ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Early Human Development ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
Early Human

AbstractRecent development of three-dimensional (3D) high definition (HD) ultrasound has resulted in remarkable progress in visualization of early embryos and fetuses in sonoembryology. The new technology of HDlive assesses both structural and functional developments in the first trimester with greater reliably than two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound. The ability to visualize not only fetal face, hands, fingers, feet, and toes, but also amniotic membranes, is better with volumetric ultrasound than 2D ultrasound. In this article, detailed and comprehensive structures of normal and abnormal fetuses depicted by 3D HDlive are presented, including various faces of Down’s syndrome and holoprosencephaly, as well as low-set ear and finger/toe abnormalities from the first trimester. Three-dimensional HDlive further “humanizes” the fetus, enables detailed observation of the fetal face in the first trimester as shown in this article, and reveals that a small fetus is not more a fetus but a “person” from the first trimester. There has been an immense acceleration in understanding of early human development. The anatomy and physiology of embryonic development is a field where medicine exerts greatest impact on early pregnancy at present, and it opens fascinating aspects of embryonic differentiation. Clinical assessment of those stages of growth relies heavily on 3D/four-dimensional (4D) HDlive, one of the most promising forms of noninvasive diagnostics and embryological phenomena, once matters for textbooks are now routinely recorded with outstanding clarity. New advances deserve the adjective “breathtaking”, including 4D parallel study of the structural and functional early human development.

Study on Feed Offset in Elliptical Vibration Cutting

2014 ◽  
Vol 490-491 ◽  
pp. 600-606
Author(s):  
Jie Qiong Lin ◽  
Jin Guo Han ◽  
Dan Jing ◽  
Xian Jing
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Curved Surface ◽  
Elliptical Vibration Cutting ◽  
Vibration Cutting ◽  
Elliptical Vibration ◽  
Tool Edge

Elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) process and three dimensional cutting surfaces are analyzed in this paper to understand the formation of surface topography. The model of EVC surface topography is established based on curved surface remove function under the assumption that the tool edge is sharp enough. And simulation analysis of surface topography is conducted with different feed offset ratios. Results indicate that RMS change with feed offset ratios λ. The range of RMS is larger when feed offset ratio ranges from both 0 to 0.4 and 0.6 to 1, while the range is smaller when feed offset ratio changes from 0.4 to 0.6. Whats more, RMS reaches the minimum when feed offset ratio is 0.5. The present research provides some references for reducing the height of vibration ripples and improving EVC surface quality.

Three-dimensional surface topography segmentation through clustering

Wear ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 262 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Senin ◽  
M. Ziliotti ◽  
R. Groppetti
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Surface
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