Wear Characteristics of Friction Stir Processed Magnesium RZ 5 Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vedabouriswaran ◽  
S. Aravindan
Keyword(s):  
Base Alloy ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Surface Metal

Friction stir processing is performed on RZ 5 Mg alloy to produce surface metal matrix composites reinforced with hard reinforcement particles. Boron carbide, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and a mixture of zirconia and alumina particle reinforcements were introduced. The developed surface composites (SCs) exhibited lower wear rates at various normal loads than the base RZ 5 Mg alloy owing to their improved microhardness. The wear resistance of the composites was 1.2–1.9 times greater than the base alloy, and hence, the wear rates were 18–50% lower than the base alloy. Maximum reduction in wear rate is observed in B4C-reinforced SC. Abrasion, adhesion, and oxidative wear mechanisms are operational during the wear test performed at loads ranging between 10 N and 75 N.

Recent Developments in Hybrid Surface Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Friction Stir Processing: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daulat Kumar Sharma ◽  
Vishvesh Badheka ◽  
Vivek Patel ◽  
Gautam Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Soft Matrix ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Surface Metal

Abstract The metal matrix composites combine the metallic properties of a tough and ductile matrix with properties of reinforcement particles, simultaneously develop the functional properties by proper selection of reinforcements for projected applications. However, hard ceramics reinforcements decrease toughness and ductility of soft matrix and restrict their wide applications. The surface metal matrix composites (SMMCs) preserve the matrix properties with added advanced surface properties by reinforcing particles only in the surface layer. The hybrid surface metal matrix composites (HSMMCs) with more than one reinforcement gained attention in material processing due to their noble tribological behavior and surface properties, which cannot be attained in mono composites. Conventional liquid-phase processing techniques to fabricate hybrid surface composites result in the formation of undesirable brittle compounds, detrimental to desirable properties of composites. Friction stir processing (FSP), a solid-state processing technique, has been used by many investigators using different reinforcements to fabricate mono as well as hybrid surface composites. Friction stir processed (FSPed) hybrid surface composites have not been extensively reviewed. The current review provides a comprehensive understanding of the latest developments of FSP in hybrid surface composites manufacturing. This paper review different reinforcement strategies in the fabrication of FSPed hybrid surface composites and also the effects of single-pass, multipass, and change in pass direction on microstructure and resultant properties. Finally, future directions and challenges to FSPed hybrid surface composites are summarized. This review article containing important information on hybrid surface composites fabrication by FSP will be useful to academicians and investigators in the field.

scholarly journals Improving the Wear Properties of Aluminum 6082 Alloy by Surface Compositing with Zro2 Ceramic Particles Via Friction Stir Processing

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
N. Yuvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Volume Content ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Lower Volume

Aluminum based metal matrix composites are given more attention in fabrication of surface engineering applications due to their excellent mechanical and wear properties. In this study, Friction stir processing (FSP) method was used to fabricate the surface composite with inserting different volume % of ZrO2 reinforcement particles in the Aluminum 6082 alloy. The hardness and triblogical characteristics of fabricated surface composites and base alloy were investigated. The higher volume content of reinforcement surface revealed higher hardness and higher wear resistance compared to the lower volume content reinforcement surface and base material. The wear worn-out of composite surfaces and base alloy were examined through SEM for understanding the wear mechanisms.

scholarly journals Fabrication of AA7075 Hybrid Green Metal Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Ashish Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Tool Tilt Angle

Friction stir processing is an avant-garde technique of producing new surface composite or changing the different properties of a material through intense, solid-state localized material plastic deformation. This change in properties depends upon the deformation formed by inserting a non-consumable revolving tool into the workpiece and travels laterally through the workpiece. This research work highlights the effect of process parameters on mechanical properties of fabricated surface composites by friction stir processing. By using various reinforcing materials like Ti, SiC, B4C, Al2O3 with waste elements like waste eggshells, rice husks, coconut shell and coir will be used to fabricate the green composites which are environmentally friendly and reduces the problem of decomposition. The parameter for this experiment is considered as the reinforcing materials, tool rotation speed and tool tilt angle. The SiC/Al2O3/Ti along with eggshell are selected asreinforcement materials. The main effect of the reinforcement is to improve mechanical properties, like hardness, impact strength and strength. The results revealed that the process parameters significantly affect the mechanical properties of friction stir processed surface composites.

scholarly journals Optimization of Friction Stir Process Parameters for Enhancement in Surface Properties of Al 7075-SiC/Gr Hybrid Surface Composites

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namdev Ashok Patil ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Pedapati ◽  
Othman Bin Mamat ◽  
Abdul Munir Hidayat Syah Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Al 7075 ◽  
Independent Parameters

Friction stir processing (FSP) has evolved as an important technique in fabrication of metal matrix composites. The surface properties enhancement is obtainable by insertion of desired discontinuous particular reinforcements into base alloy using FSP. Despite having high specific strength, more applications of Al alloys are restricted due to their poor surface properties under various loading conditions. In this study, the main focus is on enhancing the microhardness and wear properties of Al 7075 base alloy by means of uniform dispersion of silicon carbide and graphite (SiC/Gr) nano particles into the base alloy using the FSP technique. The tool rotational speed (w: 500, 1000, 1500 rpm), tool traverse speed (v: 20, 30, 40 mm/min), reinforcement particles hybrid ratio (HR: 60:40, 75:25, 90:10) and volume percentage (vol%: 4%, 8%, 12%) are used as independent parameters. The effect of these parameters on microstructure, micro hardness and wear properties of surface composites are studied in detail. For desired wear rate and microhardness as responses, the aforementioned independent parameters are optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The significance of factors and their interactions for maximizing hardness and minimizing wear rate and coefficient of friction (COF) were determined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for responses has been carried out, and the models were found to be significant in all three responses. The minimum wear rate of 0.01194 mg/m was obtained for parameters w 1500 rpm, v 40 mm/min, HR 60:40, vol% 4 (Run 10). The maximum micro hardness of 300 HV obtained for parameters w 1000 rpm, v 30 mm/min, HR 75:25, vol% 12 (Run 14). The presence and uniform distribution of SiC and Gr into the base alloy was confirmed through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and mapping tests. The wear rate and COF decreased significantly due to graphitized mechanically mixed layer developed at the sliding contacts. The microhardness of resultant composites observed to be dependent on effect of the independent parameters on extent of inherent precipitates dissolution and grain size strengthening in the resultant materials.

scholarly journals Magnesium based surface metal matrix composites by friction stir processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ratna Sunil ◽  
G. Pradeep Kumar Reddy ◽  
Hemendra Patle ◽  
Ravikumar Dumpala
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Metal

scholarly journals The Effect of Incorporating Ceramic Particles with Different Morphologies on the Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Hybrid TaC_ BN/AA2024 Nanocomposites

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Emad Ismat Ghandourah ◽  
Essam B. Moustafa ◽  
Hossameldin Hussein ◽  
Ahmed O. Mosleh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Tantalum Carbide ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Research Challenge ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Surface

Improving the mechanical durability and wear resistance of aluminum alloys is a research challenge that can be solved by their reinforcement with ceramics. This article is concerned with the improvement of the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the AA2024 aluminum alloy surface. Surface composites were prepared by incorporating a hybrid of heavy particles (tantalum carbide (TaC), light nanoparticles, and boron nitride (BN)) into the AA2024 alloy using the friction stir process (FSP) approach. Three pattern holes were milled in the base metal to produce the composites with different volume fractions of the reinforcements. The effects of the FSP and the reinforcements on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance are investigated. In addition to the FSP, the reinforced particles contributed to greater grain refinement. The rolled elongated grains became equiaxed ultrafine grains reaching 6 ± 1 µm. The refinement and acceptable distribution in the reinforcements significantly improved the hardness and wear resistance of the produced composites. Overall, the hardness was increased by 60% and the wear resistance increased by 40 times compared to the base alloy.

Improving the Tribological Properties of Mg Based AZ31 Alloy Using Friction Stir Processing

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Arora ◽  
Harpreet Singh ◽  
B.K. Dhindaw ◽  
Harpreet S. Grewal
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Az31 Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Modification Technique

Materials with improved tribological properties have become the pre-requisite of advanced engineering design. Surface metal matrix composites (SMMCs) exhibit a unified combination of good tribological properties and high toughness of the interior bulk metal when compared with monolithic materials. Friction stir processing, a microstructure modification technique, has emerged as one of the processes used for fabrication of SMMCs. Commercial cast or wrought type Mg–Al–Zn AZ-series alloys, such as AZ91, AZ61 or AZ31 with 3–9 wt.% Al and 1 wt.% Zn, have been widely used in automobiles or electronic appliances. Due to low percentage of alloying elements/second phase elements in these alloys, the grain refinement and hence the mechanical properties such as hardness cannot be appreciably enhanced. In this study, FSP was used to fabricate AZ31 based nanocomposite using TiC as reinforcement. FSP was performed at a fixed volume fraction of TiC under varying cooling conditions. Tribological performance of the fabricated composite was investigated using pin-on-disc wear test arrangement. The analysis of the wear surfaces as well as wear debris analysis was done using SEM equipped with EDS. The fabricated composite was found to exhibit superior wear resistance.

Fabrication of AA6061-0/RHA Surface Composite via Friction Stir Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Sani Abdulmalik ◽  
Rosli Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical Stirring ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Surface Metal

Friction stir processing is a novel process evolved to fabricate surface metal matrix composites. Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agro-industrial waste and by product of rice husk. The feasibility of incorporating RHA powder into aluminium alloy AA6061-0 as reinforcement particles to make surface matrix composite via FSP is reported in this paper. The optical micrographs revealed a homogeneous distribution of RHA particles which were well bonded with the matrix in both first and fourth-passes of the FSP due to mechanical stirring. Microhardness of the stir zone SZ with the RHA particles of I-pass increased to about 106 HV, 40% higher than that of the base material 66 HV by dispersed RHA particles.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterisation of B4C Reinforced Al6061 Friction Stir Processed Surface Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2883-2887 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Surface Composites ◽  
B4c Particles ◽  
Structurally Stable

Current industrial trends show increased usage of lightweight high strength materials such as Aluminium, Titanium, Magnesium, etc., in their products and components. To achieve an improved service life, particulates reinforced metal matrix composites are being favored over the monolithic alloys. Researchers have reported undesirable defects and interfacial reactions while trying to fabricate such composites using conventional methodologies. This motivates the present work to use friction stir processing, an allied process of friction stir welding, to fabricate metal matrix composites. Structurally stable and most commonly used AA6061 alloy was taken for the experiment. B4C particles were used as reinforcements. Experiments were carried out using different process parameters like tool revolution and tool traverse speed or processing speed along with a constant axial force. The B4C particles were packed into a 1.5 mm groove on the Al6061 plate and friction processing was carried out. The SEM investigations on the composites showed a defect-free microstructure with a homogeneous distribution of reinforcement particles. It was found that the reinforcements increased the tensile strength of the composite by 50%. The hardness and wear-resistant properties of the composites had also improved considerably.

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