Performance Analysis of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gasifier Integrated System in Co-Trigenerative Arrangement

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petronilla Fragiacomo ◽  
Giuseppe De Lorenzo ◽  
Orlando Corigliano
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Energy Unit ◽  
Cooling Section ◽  
Water Tanks

The use of renewable sources, such as woody biomass waste, for energy purposes helps to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and therefore the production of associated pollutants and greenhouse gases. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are devices that convert the chemical energy of a product gas produced by a gasifier of biomass waste, before being suitably purified, directly into electric energy, with conversion efficiency, which is higher than that of other conventional energy systems. Since they operate at high temperature, they make available also thermal energy, which can be used for co- and tri-generation purposes. This paper aims at studying the arrangement of a complete trigenerative energy system composed of a gasifier of waste biomass; an energy unit represented by a SOFC system; an absorption cooling section for the conversion into cooling energy of the waste heat. In its layout, the SOFC energy unit considers the anode off gas recirculation, a postcombustor to energize the exhaust stream, and a preheater for the fresh gases entering. The integrated plant is completed by means of batteries for electric energy storage and hot water tanks and thermal energy storage. An ad hoc developed numerical modeling is used to choose the working point of the SOFC energy system at which to operate it and to analyze its energy behavior under syngas feeding. Two biomass-derived syngas are analyzed: one from woody biomass and one from urban solid waste gasification. Hence, the entire integrated plant is analyzed for both feeding types. The energy analysis of the integrated SOFC/gasifier is carried out based on a fixed quantity of biomass waste to be processed in an existing gasifier. Then, the design of the SOFC energy section is carried out. The integrated plant is then applied to a case study to satisfy the energy needs of a user of the tertiary sector. Therefore, based on this, the procedure continues with sizing the cooling section for the cooling power delivery in the warm season, the batteries to store the electric energy to be delivered, and the hot water tanks for the thermal energy storage to be delivered as heat when necessary or to feed the absorption cooling plant. The integrated SOFC/Gasifier defined can be considered as a high-efficiency tri-generator capable of accomplishing an energy valorization of high quality waste biomass.

scholarly journals Optimization of the energy system of the Taimyr coal basin through energy storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
A. Deev ◽  
V. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coal Basin

This article examines the influence of energy storage on the possibility of increasing the efficiency of a power plant on the example of the model of the power system of the Taimyr coal basin. The main elements of the power system calculated in this paper included: household consumers (township of Dixon), industrial consumers (coal mining enterprises), sources of thermal and electric energy (coal-fired combined heat and power plant). Storage equipment was selected for the storage of thermal and electrical energy in the power system, such as energy storage systems based on lithium-ion batteries and hot water storage tanks. The changes in the operation modes of the combined heat and power plant during the introduction of battery systems in the power system were evaluated, and the efficiency of the combined heat and power plant was calculated for various modes of energy storage.

Turbomachinery for a Supercritical CO2 Electro-Thermal Energy Storage System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fuller ◽  
J. Hemrle ◽  
L. Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Round Trip

This paper presents analysis of CO2 turbomachinery for the electro-thermal energy storage (ETES) concept for site-independent bulk (grid-scale) electric energy storage. In charging mode, ETES operates as a transcritical CO2 heat pump, consuming electric energy which is converted into thermal energy stored in the form of hot water and ice on the hot and cold side of the cycle, respectively. On demand, the CO2 cycle is reversed for discharging during which ETES operates as transcritical CO2 power generation plant, consuming the stored hot and cold sources. The target capacity of the ETES system is of the order of units of MW electric to ∼100 MW electric, with typical daily cycles and 4 to 8 hours of storage. The estimated electric-to-electric round trip efficiency of ETES is about 60%. A companion paper [1] presents the control concept of the ETES plant and discusses several issues specific to the ETES plant design and operation. This paper analyzes these particular requirements from the perspective of the CO2 turbomachinery required for the storage plant, presenting the selection of the turbomachinery types and their shaft arrangement suitable for the ETES. The expected performance, main design features and challenges are discussed, together with questions related to the scalability of the turbomachines towards high power targets. Impacts of the turbomachinery designs on the ETES system performance, such as the sensitivity of the system electric-to-electric round trip efficiency on the turbomachinery efficiency are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Twisted Fin Array in a Triple-Tube Latent Heat Storage System during the Charging Mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2685
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghalambaz ◽  
Jasim M. Mahdi ◽  
Amirhossein Shafaghat ◽  
Amir Hossein Eisapour ◽  
Obai Younis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Melting Time ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Storage Rate

This study aims to assess the effect of adding twisted fins in a triple-tube heat exchanger used for latent heat storage compared with using straight fins and no fins. In the proposed heat exchanger, phase change material (PCM) is placed between the middle annulus while hot water is passed in the inner tube and outer annulus in a counter-current direction, as a superior method to melt the PCM and store the thermal energy. The behavior of the system was assessed regarding the liquid fraction and temperature distributions as well as charging time and energy storage rate. The results indicate the advantages of adding twisted fins compared with those of using straight fins. The effect of several twisted fins was also studied to discover its effectiveness on the melting rate. The results demonstrate that deployment of four twisted fins reduced the melting time by 18% compared with using the same number of straight fins, and 25% compared with the no-fins case considering a similar PCM mass. Moreover, the melting time for the case of using four straight fins was 8.3% lower than that compared with the no-fins case. By raising the fins’ number from two to four and six, the heat storage rate rose 14.2% and 25.4%, respectively. This study presents the effects of novel configurations of fins in PCM-based thermal energy storage to deliver innovative products toward commercialization, which can be manufactured with additive manufacturing.

scholarly journals Self-Sufficiency and Energy Savings of Renewable Thermal Energy Systems for an Energy-Sharing Community

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4284
Author(s):  
Min-Hwi Kim ◽  
Youngsub An ◽  
Hong-Jin Joo ◽  
Dong-Won Lee ◽  
Jae-Ho Yun
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Energy Sharing

Due to increased grid problems caused by renewable energy systems being used to realize zero energy buildings and communities, the importance of energy sharing and self-sufficiency of renewable energy also increased. In this study, the energy performance of an energy-sharing community was investigated to improve its energy efficiency and renewable energy self-sufficiency. For a case study, a smart village was selected via detailed simulation. In this study, the thermal energy for cooling, heating, and domestic hot water was produced by ground source heat pumps, which were integrated with thermal energy storage (TES) with solar energy systems. We observed that the ST system integrated with TES showed higher self-sufficiency with grid interaction than the PV and PVT systems. This was due to the heat pump system being connected to thermal energy storage, which was operated as an energy storage system. Consequently, we also found that the ST system had a lower operating energy, CO2 emissions, and operating costs compared with the PV and PVT systems.

A Geothermal Energy Concept based on Heat Storage in Geological Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Vidal ◽  
Maarten W. Saaltink ◽  
Sebastià Olivella
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Low Efficiency

<p>Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) can help to balance energy demand and supply to make better use of infrastructures and resources. ATES consists of a pair or more wells that simultaneously inject or extract thermal energy into aquifers. The aim of ATES is to store the excess of energy during summer and to reuse it during winter, when there is an energy deficit. High-temperature Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (HT-ATES) provides a good option to store water over 50°C, but it requires facing some problems, such as low efficiency recoveries and the uplift of the surface. Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) modelling is a good tool to analyze the viability and cost effectiveness of the HT-ATES systems and understand the interaction of processes, such as heat flux, groundwater flow and ground deformation. We present the 3D THM modelling of a pilot HT-ATES system, inspired by one of the projects of HEATSTORE, which is a GEOTHERMICA ERA-NET co-funded project. The model aims to simulate the injection of hot water of 90°C in a central well and the extraction of water in four auxiliary wells during summer. In winter, the auxiliary wells inject water of 50°C and the central well extract water. The loading lasts longer than the unloading (8 months versus 4 months) and overall more heat is injected than extracted. We found that the system is more efficient in terms of energy recovery, the more years the system is operating. In the aquifer, both thermal loads and hydraulic loads have an important role in terms of displacements. At the surface, the vertical displacements are only a consequence of the hydraulic strains generated by the injection of water in the aquifer.</p>

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