Variable Material Properties Approach: A Review on Twenty Years of Progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Faghih ◽  
Hamid Jahed ◽  
Seyed Behzad Behravesh
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
The Past ◽  
Axisymmetric Problems ◽  
Distribution Of Stress ◽  
Deformation Modes ◽  
Made In

This paper provides a critical review of the advancements made in the application of the variable material properties (VMP) method over the past two decades. The VMP method was originally proposed in 1997 (Jahed and Dubey, 1997, ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 119(3), pp. 264–273; Jahed et al., 1997, Int. J. Pressure Vessels Piping, 71(3), pp. 285–291) and further developed in 2001 (Parker, 2001, ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 123(3), p. 271) as an elastoplastic method for the analysis of axisymmetric problems. The model was originally developed as a boundary value problem to predict the spatial distribution of stress. However, since 1997, it has been extended to include thermal effects to solve thermomechanical residual stresses; time domain to solve creep of disks and cylinders; finite deformation to solve cylinders under large strains; numerical solutions to make them more efficient; and asymmetric hardening behavior to accommodate nonslip deformation modes. These advancements, made over the past 20 years, are reviewed in this paper, and future trends and frontiers are discussed.

Investigation on the Effects of Carbon Macro-Segregation of Mechanical Properties Using a Large-Scale Forged Low Alloy Steel for a BWR Reactor Pressure Vessel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hayashi ◽  
Takuya Ogawa ◽  
Rie Sumiya ◽  
Tetsushi Yamaoka ◽  
Shigeaki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Reactor Pressure Vessel ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Abstract Control of carbon macro-segregation in the steel-making process for large steel forgings is of great importance in order to achieve the material properties and structural reliability required for the pressure vessels of nuclear power plant components. It is well known that high carbon content due to carbon macro-segregation can affect the mechanical properties of steels, leading to decreases in ductility and fracture toughness. In this study, possible effects of carbon macro-segregation have been examined using a large-scale forged steel “bottom head dome” of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) manufactured for a recent BWR. Material testing conducted included chemical analyses, tensile tests and Charpy impact tests. In the center part of the concave disk-shaped forged material, carbon content varied slightly in the material thickness direction within the range of carbon content requirement, as expected from the relationship between the solidification and the resultant segregation process in the cast ingot material and the forging process from the ingot to the dome material. The results of each mechanical test also showed full compliance with the properties required in the code regardless of the carbon content at each of the thickness locations examined. All the tests results demonstrated that with the steel-making technology and practice employed, carbon macro-segregation is well controlled to achieve the required material properties even in large-scale forged materials used in BWRs.

Material Requirements for Long-Life Pressure Vessels

1964 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Langer ◽  
W. L. Harding
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Brittle Fracture ◽  
Creep Deformation ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Long Life

In this paper the authors consider the various possible modes of failure of a pressure vessel intended for long service and show which material properties are of significance in preventing them. The failure modes discussed are (a) plastic deformation and bursting; (b) brittle fracture; (c) fatigue failure; (d) creep deformation and creep rupture; (e) corrosion. The need for additional information in several areas is also noted.

Pressure Vessel Manufacture using the Chinese Ribbon Winding Technique

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zhu ◽  
J Jiang ◽  
Z Wang ◽  
D G Moffat
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Steel Core ◽  
Thin Steel

During the past 20 years a technique has been developed in the People's Republic of China for manufacturing thick-walled pressure vessels using thin steel ribbons, helically wound under tension onto a thin inner steel core. The technique is described herein and the advantages claimed are outlined, together with brief descriptions of some related areas of development.

Review of Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 Changes, 2008–2010

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Major Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

Three years ago the major event within Section VIII was the publication of the new Section VIII, Division 2. The development of the new VIII-2 standard dominated Section VIII activity for many years, and a new standard has been well received within the industry. As expected with any new standard, some of the material that was intended to be published in the standard was not ready at the time of publication so numerous revisions have taken place in the last two addenda. This paper will attempt to summarize the major revisions that have taken place in VIII-2 and VIII-1, including a detailed overview of the new Part UIG “Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Impregnated Graphite”. I have stated in the past that the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is a “living and breathing document”, and considering that over 320 revisions were made to VIII-1 and VIII-2 in the past three years, I think I can safely say that the standard is alive and well.

Automated Procedure for Constructing ASME External Pressure Charts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maan Jawad ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
Donald Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
The Past

Abstract External Pressure charts are used for the design of most components in pressure vessels and boilers. The External Pressure Charts developed by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in the past for various materials were constructed manually at a fairly long lead time. ASME recently undertook a project to computerize the procedure for constructing External Pressure Charts for new materials at a fraction of the previous construction time. The methodology, assumptions, advantages, and limitations of this procedure are described in this paper.

Buried Oxide Soi: Materials, Devices, and VLSI Circuits

1987 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-E. Daniel Chen ◽  
Rad-Hard Soi Project Team
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Vlsi Circuits ◽  
Oxide Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Buried Oxide ◽  
Oxide Substrates ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn the past couple of years, buried oxide SOI has emerged as the leading SOI approach. Significant advances have been made in the understanding and the preparation of the buried oxide substrates. Various VLSI circuits have been demonstrated with excellent results, proving the maturity and the manufacturability of this technology. In this paper, buried oxide material properties, device parameters and the implementation of a 2.5 urn 4K SRAM and a 1.25 pm 16K SRAM on the buried oxide substrates are reviewed.

Modified Procedure for PTS Evaluation of Cladded WWER Reactor Pressure Vessels

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Brumovsky ◽  
Valdislav Pistora ◽  
Dana Lauerova
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Reactor Pressure Vessel ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Vessel Integrity ◽  
Cladding Material ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Assessment of integrity of reactor pressure vessels during Pressurized Thermal Shocks (PTS) is usually determining whole reactor pressure vessel lifetime. WWER (PWR type reactors of Russian design) reactor pressure vessels are characterized by relatively thick austenitic cladding on their inner surface. Existence of cladding results in high residual stresses in inner surface area and thus in high stress intensity coefficients of postulated/calculated under clad type defects. The principal objective was to prepare and validate a upgrading procedure for the integrity evaluation of WWER reactor pressure vessels within the VERLIFE procedure, taking into account the inside austenitic cladding, with respect to pressurized thermal shock (PTS) events. In order to reach this objective, a material characterization program was set up to determine the material properties needed for modeling the behavior of the cladding in PTS type loading conditions. One of the main activities of the Project was the performance of the large-scale specimen tests with specimens that consisted of both the base metal and cladding materials. This type of test configuration was considered necessary to determine the fracture behavior of cracks potentially occurring in the RPV with cladding. In order to reach this objective, the following specific targets were identified: • Critical analysis of cladding tensile and fracture toughness properties in un-irradiated and irradiated conditions. • Realization of standard and semi-large scale specimen tests with cladding for determining the fracture properties of RPVs with cladding and for choosing proper failure criteria to be used in RPV integrity evaluation. • Proposal of a procedure for the integrity and lifetime evaluation of RPVs with cladding and experimental validation of this procedure. • Assessment of the effect of the RPV cladding on the vessel integrity and lifetime. The work was planned to focus on the following three PTS issues which were known to be significant, but which have not been fully considered in the PTS models used in the Czech Republic, for evaluating the behavior of RPVs: Consideration of the effect of RPV cladding material in PTS type loading simulations. Assessment of the behavior of under-clad defects besides the surface cracks. Consideration of true cladding material properties in the numerical models. Attention was paid to the material properties of both the initial and irradiated material conditions that should be known and taken into account in the integrity evaluation. For additional validation of the experimental and numerical methods, the following measures were performed: • Non-destructive measurements using the ball indentation method (ABIT) for characterizing irradiated materials. • Acoustic emission and potential drop measurements for detecting crack growth. • Residual stress measurements of the cladding layer for estimating the true stress state. The main technical result of the Project has been a reactor pressure vessel integrity evaluation procedure (extension to VERLIFE – Unified Procedure for Lifetime Evaluation of Components and Piping in WWER NPPs during Operation, as prepared within the EU 5FP), which is conservative and principally applicable for both WWER 440 and WWER 1000 type RPVs.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Model of Pseudoelastic Shape Memory Alloy Damper Considering Residual Martensite Strain Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Parulekar ◽  
G. R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Hysteretic Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Made In

Recently, there has been increasing interest in using superelastic shape memory alloys for applications in seismic resistant-design. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have a unique property by which they can recover their original shape after experiencing large strains up to 8% either by heating (shape memory effect) or removing stress (pseudoelastic effect). Many simplified shape memory alloy models are suggested in the past literature for capturing the pseudoelastic response of SMAs in passive vibration control of structures. Most of these models do not consider the cyclic effects of SMA's and resulting residual martensite deformation. Therefore, a suitable constitutive model of shape memory alloy damper which represents the nonlinear hysterical dynamic system appropriately is essential. In this paper a multilinear hysteretic model incorporating residual martensite strain effect of pseudoelastic shape memory alloy damper is developed and experimentally validated using SMA wire, based damper device. A sensitivity analysis is done using the proposed model along with three other simplified SMA models. The models are implemented on a steel frame representing an SDOF system and the comparison of seismic response of structure with all the models is made in the numerical study.

Probabilistic Burst Strength Evaluation of a Filament Wound Composite Pressure Vessel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Yetgin ◽  
Emre Özaslan ◽  
Bülent Acar
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Filament Wound ◽  
Winding Angle

Abstract Nowadays composite materials are used in many different applications, such as aerospace, automotive, sport, energy due to their superior material properties in terms of high strength to weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, and great damage tolerance. One important component produced from these composite materials is pressure vessels that are generally exposed to internal pressure loading. Mechanical performance of the pressure vessel directly depends on various parameters such as material properties or winding angle etc. However, it is well known that the material properties of composites are generally dispersed. The main concern of this study is to investigate the mechanical performance of a filament wound pressure vessel in terms of first ply failure (FPF) and burst pressure under internal pressure loading taking into account uncertainty of material properties and winding angles for different layers. The distributions for each material property were found by material characterization tests and goodness-of-fit test. The winding angle was selected as a random variable. Different statistical distribution types were compared to show the effect of distribution type. Monte Carlo Simulation (MC) was performed to predict the distribution function of the mechanical response. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain stress distribution of the pressure vessel. Both stochastic FPF and burst pressure predictions were verified by test results. Also, the finite element analysis was verified by strain gauge measurements that were located on the different regions of pressure vessel. The study was performed for two different ambient temperature to show the effect of different temperatures on the material properties for composite materials. Effects of each selected parameters on the FPF and burst pressure were discussed. Probabilistic analysis showed the importance of considering the uncertainty of material properties and the winding angle to predict the mechanical performance of composite pressure vessels.

Fatigue Design Rules in Pressure Vessel Codes Uncertainties and Remaining Open Points

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Faidy
Keyword(s):  
Strain Amplitude ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Cyclic Strain ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Combination Rules ◽  
Reduction Factors

During the past 30 years the main rules for fatigue analysis of pressure vessels were based on elastic approaches in order to evaluate a cyclic strain amplitude and compare with an S-N fatigue curve for the corresponding material. After review of some rules in different Nuclear and Non Nuclear Codes, like ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section III, French RCC-M and RCC-MRx, European Standards EN 13445, the major conservatisms and uncertainties of different rules are discussed. All these Codes propose simple rules to evaluate the strain amplitude based on elastic approaches and simplified correction factors (Ke and Kv), transient combination rules and damage cumulating procedure. In the other hand, the material properties are based on standard fatigue tests done on the material associated to reduction factors to consider some particular effects like scatter, scale, surface roughness, mean stress or environmental effects to transfer them from small specimen to real structures. Concerned components are mainly piping systems. No existing Code covers all the aspects of fatigue with similar conservatisms that can affect the in-service inspection programs and the remaining life assessment of the corresponding components. After the review of different rules, key factors that affect the results and predictions will be identified. Some proposals will be issued to progress in the near future. Finally, a first set of recommendation on fatigue analysis will be presented to improve existing codes on an harmonized way, associated to material properties needed, as fatigue curves associated to reduction factors.

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