Analysis of the Flue Gas Preparation Process for the Purposes of Carbon Dioxide Separation Using the Adsorption Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Zarzycki ◽  
Marcin Panowski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Separation ◽  
Characteristic Features

The necessity of limitation of carbon dioxide emissions, which also concerns the energy sector, causes that more and more effective and efficient methods of CO2 capture from the flue gas are being tested. Among these technologies are adsorption ones, which have been used for a gas separation for many years. The characteristic features of adsorption separation are: long life of the sorbents used, low energy expenditure, and minim effect on the environment; however, their application requires adequate initial preparation of the flue gas fed into the system of CO2 separation so that the flue gas temperature is as low as possible, and there is no water content in it. The study presents the concept and numerical calculations of the system for preparation of the flue gas feeding the CO2 adsorption (vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA)) separation unit, using the absorption chiller (AC). In the presented concept, the AC is driven by the flue gas which is used as both: upper and lower heat source for AC; however, due to the amount of energy being carried out with the flue gas, which is larger than required by the AC, the additional heat exchangers must be implemented. The calculations presented in the study show that owing to the application of AC, flue gas may be cooled down to temperatures even about 5 °C. Moreover, the simultaneous process of flue gas cooling and drying in such system is realized at low energy expenditure which leads to improvement of the overall energy efficiency of the system of CO2 separation from flue gas and also to reduction of its dimensions.

Techno-Economic Evaluation of Pressurized Oxy-Fuel Combustion Systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongsup Hong ◽  
Ahmed F. Ghoniem ◽  
Randall Field ◽  
Marco Gazzino
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Coal Price

Oxy-fuel combustion coal-fired power plants can achieve significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, but at the cost of lowering their efficiency. Research and development are conducted to reduce the efficiency penalty and to improve their reliability. High-pressure oxy-fuel combustion has been shown to improve the overall performance by recuperating more of the fuel enthalpy into the power cycle. In our previous papers, we demonstrated how pressurized oxy-fuel combustion indeed achieves higher net efficiency than that of conventional atmospheric oxy-fuel power cycles. The system utilizes a cryogenic air separation unit, a carbon dioxide purification/compression unit, and flue gas recirculation system, adding to its cost. In this study, we perform a techno-economic feasibility study of pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power systems. A number of reports and papers have been used to develop reliable models which can predict the costs of power plant components, its operation, and carbon dioxide capture specific systems, etc. We evaluate different metrics including capital investments, cost of electricity, and CO2 avoidance costs. Based on our cost analysis, we show that the pressurized oxy-fuel power system is an effective solution in comparison to other carbon dioxide capture technologies. The higher heat recovery displaces some of the regeneration components of the feedwater system. Moreover, pressurized operating conditions lead to reduction in the size of several other critical components. Sensitivity analysis with respect to important parameters such as coal price and plant capacity is performed. The analysis suggests a guideline to operate pressurized oxy-fuel combustion power plants in a more cost-effective way.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of low-energy buildings to help achieve carbon neutrality technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 04035
Author(s):  
Zhizheng Zhang ◽  
Qingying Hou ◽  
Jin Tao ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xuesong Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Low Energy Buildings

The development of low-energy buildings is an important initiative to achieve carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. According to the data of the relevant papers, if all the northern urban and rural buildings in China adopt passive ultra low energy building technology, it can save about 350 million tons of coal for heating and reduce about 900 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions each year. It’s of great significance to achieve the goals of “peak carbon dioxide emissions” and “carbon neutrality”. Starting from four key technologies for low-energy buildings, explanation and analysis the energy-saving methods for low-energy buildings, It also presents the challenges and suggestions for the development of low-energy buildings in China.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Molten-Carbonate Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Separation: Focus on Material Selection, Geometry, and Surface Modification

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Shabana Afzal ◽  
Atif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Separation ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Separation Membranes

Membranes for carbon dioxide permeation have been recognized as potential candidates for CO2 separation technology, particularly in the energy sector. Supported molten-salt membranes provide ionic routes to facilitate carbon dioxide transport across the membrane, permit the use of membrane at higher temperature, and offer selectivity based on ionic affinity of targeted compound. In this review, molten-carbonate ceramic membranes have been evaluated for CO2 separation. Various research studies regarding mechanisms of permeation, properties of molten salt, significance of material selection, geometry of support materials, and surface modifications have been assessed with reference to membrane stabilities and operational flux rates. In addition, the outcomes of permeation experiments, stability tests, selection of the compatible materials, and the role of interfacial reactions for membrane degradation have also been discussed. At the end, major challenges and possible solutions are highlighted along with future recommendations for fabricating efficient carbon dioxide separation membranes.

scholarly journals Zeolites and related sorbents with narrow pores for CO2 separation from flue gas

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 14480-14494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ocean Cheung ◽  
Niklas Hedin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Emission Sources

Adsorbents with small pores are especially relevant for capturing carbon dioxide at large emission sources.

scholarly journals A co-evolutionary approach to understanding construction industry innovation in renovation practices for low-carbon outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Killip ◽  
Alice Owen ◽  
Elizabeth Morgan ◽  
Marina Topouzi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Collective Action Problem ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Global Carbon

Energy consumption in buildings is a large contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions. Renovations of existing buildings can reduce their impact by integrating technologies which increase efficiency or generate renewable energy on-site. Doing this well and at scale is a collective action problem, which transcends the agency of individual entrepreneurs. This article reports a cross-case comparison of four previous studies focused on low-energy renovation of housing, using a co-evolutionary framework in which five systems are mutually interdependent: ecosystems, technologies, user practices, business strategies and institutions. Innovations across the five systems are described in terms of variations, selection pressures and transmission. The analysis draws out common themes from the four previous studies and to reflect on how well the co-evolutionary framework accounts for innovation in the particular field of housing renovation for low-energy outcomes. Business strategies emerge as an important (and often neglected) source of innovation. The framework generally accounts for innovation in this area quite well, although two important issues are a less easy fit: The use of energy (and other finite resources) is rather indirectly accounted for by the term ‘ecosystems’ and the complexity of interactions between multiple users, businesses and technologies is partly elided.

scholarly journals Investigation of a combined gas-steam system with flue gas recirculation

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Chmielniak ◽  
Paweł Mońka ◽  
Paweł Pilarz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Heat Recovery Boiler ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Flue Gas Recirculation ◽  
Recovery Boiler ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Abstract This article presents changes in the operating parameters of a combined gas-steam cycle with a CO2 capture installation and flue gas recirculation. Parametric equations are solved in a purpose-built mathematical model of the system using the Ebsilon Professional code. Recirculated flue gases from the heat recovery boiler outlet, after being cooled and dried, are fed together with primary air into the mixer and then into the gas turbine compressor. This leads to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gases fed into the CO2 capture installation from 7.12 to 15.7%. As a consequence, there is a reduction in the demand for heat in the form of steam extracted from the turbine for the amine solution regeneration in the CO2 capture reactor. In addition, the flue gas recirculation involves a rise in the flue gas temperature (by 18 K) at the heat recovery boiler inlet and makes it possible to produce more steam. These changes contribute to an increase in net electricity generation efficiency by 1%. The proposed model and the obtained results of numerical simulations are useful in the analysis of combined gas-steam cycles integrated with carbon dioxide separation from flue gases.

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