scholarly journals Exploiting Microstructural Instabilities in Solids and Structures: From Metamaterials to Structural Transitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M. Kochmann ◽  
Katia Bertoldi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Domain Switching ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Energy Landscape ◽  
Mechanical Metamaterials ◽  
Engineering Mechanics ◽  
Structural Instabilities ◽  
Ferroelectric Switching

Instabilities in solids and structures are ubiquitous across all length and time scales, and engineering design principles have commonly aimed at preventing instability. However, over the past two decades, engineering mechanics has undergone a paradigm shift, away from avoiding instability and toward taking advantage thereof. At the core of all instabilities—both at the microstructural scale in materials and at the macroscopic, structural level—lies a nonconvex potential energy landscape which is responsible, e.g., for phase transitions and domain switching, localization, pattern formation, or structural buckling and snapping. Deliberately driving a system close to, into, and beyond the unstable regime has been exploited to create new materials systems with superior, interesting, or extreme physical properties. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in utilizing mechanical instabilities in solids and structures at the microstructural level in order to control macroscopic (meta)material performance. After a brief theoretical review, we discuss examples of utilizing material instabilities (from phase transitions and ferroelectric switching to extreme composites) as well as examples of exploiting structural instabilities in acoustic and mechanical metamaterials.

E-Projects Challenges in India – Role of Human Resource Management and Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Ramnik Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Approaches

E-governance is a paradigm shift over the traditional approaches in Public Administration which means rendering of government services and information to the public by using electronic means. In the past decades, service quality and responsiveness of the government towards the citizens were least important but with the approach of E-Government the government activities are now well dealt. This paper withdraws experiences from various studies from different countries and projects facing similar challenges which need to be consigned for the successful implementation of e-governance projects. Developing countries like India face poverty and illiteracy as a major obstacle in any form of development which makes it difficult for its government to provide e-services to its people conveniently and fast. It also suggests few suggestions to cope up with the challenges faced while implementing e-projects in India.

scholarly journals Undergraduate Econometrics Instruction: Through Our Classes, Darkly

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Angrist ◽  
Jörn-Steffen Pischke
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Back Seat ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Past Half ◽  
Classical Regression

The past half-century has seen economic research become increasingly empirical, while the nature of empirical economic research has also changed. In the 1960s and 1970s, an empirical economist's typical mission was to “explain” economic variables like wages or GDP growth. Applied econometrics has since evolved to prioritize the estimation of specific causal effects and empirical policy analysis over general models of outcome determination. Yet econometric instruction remains mostly abstract, focusing on the search for “true models” and technical concerns associated with classical regression assumptions. Questions of research design and causality still take a back seat in the classroom, in spite of having risen to the top of the modern empirical agenda. This essay traces the divergent development of econometric teaching and empirical practice, arguing for a pedagogical paradigm shift.

Wisdom and Wisdom Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. xxii-14
Author(s):  
Will Kynes
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Wisdom Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter introduces the volume by arguing that the study of biblical wisdom is in the midst of a potential paradigm shift, as interpreters are beginning to reconsider the relationship between the concept of wisdom in the Bible and the category Wisdom Literature. This offers an opportunity to explore how the two have been related in the past, in the history of Jewish and Christian interpretation, how they are connected in the present, as three competing primary approaches to Wisdom study have developed, and how they could be treated in the future, as new possibilities for understanding wisdom with insight from before and beyond the development of the Wisdom Literature category are emerging.

Guanidinium substitution-dependent phase transitions, ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of MAPbI3

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando B Minussi ◽  
Eduardo M. Bertoleti ◽  
Saulo P Reis ◽  
J. Carvalho ◽  
Eudes Borges Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Halide Perovskites

Over the past few years of boosting studies in halide perovskites, the formulation of guanidinium (GA+)-containing compounds has been proven to be an excellent strategy. A system in particular, namely...

The Concept of the ‘Living Constitution’ in Russian Constitutional Theory and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 416-445
Author(s):  
Caroline von Gall
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation

Abstract In discussing the concept of the ‘living constitution’ in Russian constitutional theory and practice, this paper shows that the Russian concept of the living constitution differs from U.S. or European approaches to evolutive interpretation. The Russian concept has its roots in Soviet and pre-revolutionary Russian constitutional thinking. It reduces the normative power of the Constitution but allows an interpretation according to changing social conditions and gives the legislator a broad margin of appreciation. Whereas the 1993 Russian constitutional reform had been regarded as a paradigm shift with the intention to break with the past by declaring that the Constitution shall have supreme judicial force and direct effect, the paper also gives answers to the complexity of constitutional change and legal transplants and the role of constitutional theory and practice for the functioning of the current authoritarian regime in Russia.

Revisiting Television in India: Mapping the Portrayal of Women in Soap Operas

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhansubala Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
The State ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
Intellectual Community ◽  
Visual Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phases Of Development

This article attempts to map the portrayal of women in popular soap operas on television in India. It begins with the discourses around portrayal of women on Doordarshan in the pre-liberalisation era and goes on to analyse a few soap operas in the past one decade. With substantive review of visual texts, it aims to disprove the claim that there is a paradigm shift especially with respect to the portrayal of women in the contemporary and so-called progressive soap operas. It concludes by comparing all the phases of development of television in India with respect to construction of women and stating how very little and inconsequential change has occurred in this regard in spite of all the efforts from the state and the intellectual community.

Controlling Origami Stability Profile Using Magnets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Fang ◽  
Tse-Shao Chang ◽  
K. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Potential Energy Landscape ◽  
Mechanical Metamaterials ◽  
Elastic Potential Energy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Stable Structures

Multi-stable structures and materials have attracted extensive research interests because they can provide a wide spectrum of adaptive properties and functionalities. Recently, origami has been identified as an important source for achieving multi-stability and has been exploited for developing unconventional mechanical metamaterials and metastructures. Once the crease pattern and the constituent materials have been specified for an origami structure, its multi-stability profile becomes unchangeable. On the other hand, a controllable profile would be desirable to endow the origami structures and origami metamaterials with further adaptability and versatility. This research investigates how to integrate magnets with origami to fundamentally alter the stability profiles. By embedding magnets into the origami facets or vertices, the magnetic potential energy would modify the original elastic potential energy landscape both quantitatively and qualitatively. Taking the stacked Miura-ori structures as examples, we show that different magnet assignments could either enrich the original bistable profile into a tri-stable or quad-stable profile, or simplify it into a mono-stable profile. Simultaneously, such magnet-induced evolutions of stability profile would trigger essential changes of the structure’s mechanical properties, which are promising to be used for developing multi-functional devices or metamaterials/metastructures. In this paper, in addition to the analyses, proof-of-concept design and prototype are presented. The results of this research would open up a new path for designing origami structures and metamaterials with controllable stability profiles that can be harnessed for many novel applications.

scholarly journals A search for entrustable professional activities for the 1st year pathology postgraduate trainees

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Nadeem Tanveer ◽  
Aditi Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Entrustable Professional Activities ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cumulative Score ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
The Right

Abstract INTRODUCTION: During the past decade, there has been a paradigm shift in medical education from the problem-based learning to competency-based training. This has forced a rethink on the way we evaluate the residents and finally give them the right to handle patients independently. This study makes the first attempt towards designing competency-based training program for pathology residents by formulating the entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for the 1st year pathology residents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire comprising 18 potential EPAs in histopathology and 12 potential EPAs in cytology were circulated among the residents of Pathology Department. The respondents were asked to grade the EPAs on a scale of 0–4 based on how important they considered that activity as EPA. The cumulative score of each EPA was divided by the number of respondents to arrive at the average score. The EPAs with an average score of 3 or more qualified to be shortlisted as consensus EPAs. RESULTS: Five activities each of histopathology and cytopathology had an average score of 3 or above and were shortlisted as EPAs for the 1st year pathology postgraduates. Each of these was also mapped to their respective competencies. CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to restructure the postgraduate pathology curriculum in line with competency-based training. This study is the first step in this direction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document