scholarly journals An Interdisciplinary View of Interfaces: Perspectives Regarding Emergent Phase Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle S. Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Solution Calorimetry ◽  
Waste Immobilization ◽  
Multiphase Systems ◽  
Diverse Application ◽  
Nuclear Waste Immobilization

A perspective on emergent phase formation is presented using an interdisciplinary approach gained by working at the “interface” between diverse application areas, including solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and ionic membrane systems, solid state lithium batteries, and ceramics for nuclear waste immobilization. The grain boundary interfacial characteristics of model single-phase materials in these application areas, including (i) CeO2, (ii) Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), and (iii) hollandite of the form BaxCsyGa2x+yTi8-2x-yO16, as well as the potential for emergent phase formation in composite systems, are discussed. The potential physical properties resulting from emergent phase structure and distribution are discussed, including an overview of existing three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques recently used for characterization. Finally, an approach for thermodynamic characterization of emergent phases based on melt solution calorimetry is outlined, which may be used to predict the energy landscape including phase formation and stability of complex multiphase systems.

Characterization of Cement Microstructure for the Immobilization of Nuclear Waste Using Advanced Imaging Methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Engelberg ◽  
J.A. Duff ◽  
L. Murray ◽  
L. Dodds ◽  
N. Mobasher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Matrix Fraction ◽  
Nuclear Waste Immobilization

ABSTRACTA range of advanced imaging techniques have been brought together to provide a comprehensive picture of cement microstructure for nuclear waste immobilization. Image analysis of Nirex Reference Vault Backfill (NRVB) has been used to characterize the Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H) matrix fraction. Through weight loss measurements and digital image correlation of OPC-based cement blends we have quantified the development of microstructure surface strains during the initial 48 hrs hardening period. The build-up of displacements on the microstructure scale indicated grain-like compressive areas, surrounded by a network of tensile regions. Serial sectioning of NRVB using ultra-microtome cutting has been explored for advanced high-resolution 3D microstructure characterization, while X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) has been used to obtain information of the 3-D pore space and size distribution of air pores in NRVB non-destructively.

Mineralogical aspects of cement in radioactive waste disposal

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Glasser
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Hydrous Oxides ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Waste Immobilization ◽  
Nuclear Waste Immobilization

AbstractSome of the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of Portland cement and related materials relevant to nuclear waste immobilization are defined. The ability to condition and maintain a high aqueous pH is undoubtedly the most important factor: it precipitates many species as hydrous oxides or hydroxides. However, in the longer term, many species – cationic as well as anionic – react with one or more cement components forming solubility-limiting phases. Progress on characterization of these phases is outlined. Many of the host phases have natural equivalents and this gives comfort in respect of their likely persistence over geological time. The emerging picture of immobilization in cement suggests that cement compositions can be tailored in terms of pH, Eh and internal chemistry so as to maximize immobilization potential. Nickel, uranium and chromium and chloride are used as examples.

scholarly journals Bacteria Single-Cell and Photosensitizer Interaction Revealed by Quantitative Phase Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5068
Author(s):  
Igor Buzalewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Ulatowska-Jarża ◽  
Aleksandra Kaczorowska ◽  
Marlena Gąsior-Głogowska ◽  
Halina Podbielska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Biophysical Processes ◽  
Contemporary Medicine

Quantifying changes in bacteria cells in the presence of antibacterial treatment is one of the main challenges facing contemporary medicine; it is a challenge that is relevant for tackling issues pertaining to bacterial biofilm formation that substantially decreases susceptibility to biocidal agents. Three-dimensional label-free imaging and quantitative analysis of bacteria–photosensitizer interactions, crucial for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, is still limited due to the use of conventional imaging techniques. We present a new method for investigating the alterations in living cells and quantitatively analyzing the process of bacteria photodynamic inactivation. Digital holographic tomography (DHT) was used for in situ examination of the response of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to the accumulation of the photosensitizers immobilized in the copolymer revealed by the changes in the 3D refractive index distributions of single cells. Obtained results were confirmed by confocal microscopy and statistical analysis. We demonstrated that DHT enables real-time characterization of the subcellular structures, the biophysical processes, and the induced local changes of the intracellular density in a label-free manner and at sub-micrometer spatial resolution.

scholarly journals Integrated three-dimensional characterization of reactive phase formation and coarsening during isothermal annealing of metastable Zn–3Mg–4Al eutectic

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 110685
Author(s):  
Yeqing Wang ◽  
Paul Chao ◽  
Saman Moniri ◽  
Jianrong Gao ◽  
Tobias Volkenandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Three Dimensional

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Imaging in Stem Cell-Based Researches

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariborz Nowzari ◽  
Huimei Wang ◽  
Arezoo Khoradmehr ◽  
Mandana Baghban ◽  
Neda Baghban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Methods ◽  
Regenerative Therapies ◽  
Detailed Imaging

Stem cells have an important role in regenerative therapies, developmental biology studies and drug screening. Basic and translational research in stem cell technology needs more detailed imaging techniques. The possibility of cell-based therapeutic strategies has been validated in the stem cell field over recent years, a more detailed characterization of the properties of stem cells is needed for connectomics of large assemblies and structural analyses of these cells. The aim of stem cell imaging is the characterization of differentiation state, cellular function, purity and cell location. Recent progress in stem cell imaging field has included ultrasound-based technique to study living stem cells and florescence microscopy-based technique to investigate stem cell three-dimensional (3D) structures. Here, we summarized the fundamental characteristics of stem cells via 3D imaging methods and also discussed the emerging literatures on 3D imaging in stem cell research and the applications of both classical 2D imaging techniques and 3D methods on stem cells biology.

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