Probabilistic Factor Graph Based Approach for Automatic Material Assignments to Three-Dimensional Objects

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Zhang ◽  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Factor Graph ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Product Assembly ◽  
Dependent Correlation

There are strong correlations between material assignment, shape, and functionality of a part in an overall product/assembly. However, these strong correlations are rarely exploited for automated material assignment. We present a probabilistic graphical model to assign materials to the parts (components) of a 3D object (assembly) by identifying the relations between shape, functionality, and material of the parts. By learning the context-dependent correlation with supervision from a set of objects and their segmented parts, the learned model can be used to assign engineering materials to the parts of a query object. Our primary contributions are (a) the engineering materials definition and assignment and (b) assigning engineering materials based on the behavior and form of the parts in the object. The performance of the proposed computational approach is demonstrated by the results of material assignment on various query objects with prespecified engineering performance requirements.

Materials Follow Form and Function: Probabilistic Factor Graph Approach for Automatic Material Assignments to 3D Objects

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Zhang ◽  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Model ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Factor Graph ◽  
Probabilistic Graphical Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
And Function ◽  
Product Assembly ◽  
Dependent Correlation

There are strong co-relations between material assignment, shape, and functionality of a part in overall product/assembly. However, these strong co-relations are rarely exploited for automated material assignment. We present a probabilistic graphical model-based approach to automatically assign materials to the parts (components) of a 3D object (assembly). The presented model performs material assignment by identifying the relations between shape, functionality, and materials of parts in the existing database objects. By learning the context dependent correlation without supervision from a set of objects and their segmented parts, the learned model can be used to assign proper real materials to the parts of a query object. Our primary contributions are: a) the real materials definition and assignment and b) assigning materials based on the functionality and form of the parts in the object. The performance of proposed computational approach is demonstrated by results of material assignment on various query objects without pre-specified material definitions.

A Free Energy Perturbation Approach to Estimate the Intrinsic Solubilities of Drug-like Small Molecules

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayan Mondal ◽  
Gary Tresadern ◽  
Jeremy Greenwood ◽  
Byungchan Kim ◽  
Joe Kaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Free Energy Perturbation ◽  
Perturbation Approach ◽  
Energy Perturbation ◽  
State Form ◽  
Good Agreement

<p>Optimizing the solubility of small molecules is important in a wide variety of contexts, including in drug discovery where the optimization of aqueous solubility is often crucial to achieve oral bioavailability. In such a context, solubility optimization cannot be successfully pursued by indiscriminate increases in polarity, which would likely reduce permeability and potency. Moreover, increasing polarity may not even improve solubility itself in many cases, if it stabilizes the solid-state form. Here we present a novel physics-based approach to predict the solubility of small molecules, that takes into account three-dimensional solid-state characteristics in addition to polarity. The calculated solubilities are in good agreement with experimental solubilities taken both from the literature as well as from several active pharmaceutical discovery projects. This computational approach enables strategies to optimize solubility by disrupting the three-dimensional solid-state packing of novel chemical matter, illustrated here for an active medicinal chemistry campaign.</p>

scholarly journals Fast Overlap Detection between Hard-Core Colloidal Cuboids and Spheres. The OCSI Algorithm

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Luca Tonti ◽  
Alessandro Patti
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Sphere Radius ◽  
User Friendly

Collision between rigid three-dimensional objects is a very common modelling problem in a wide spectrum of scientific disciplines, including Computer Science and Physics. It spans from realistic animation of polyhedral shapes for computer vision to the description of thermodynamic and dynamic properties in simple and complex fluids. For instance, colloidal particles of especially exotic shapes are commonly modelled as hard-core objects, whose collision test is key to correctly determine their phase and aggregation behaviour. In this work, we propose the Oriented Cuboid Sphere Intersection (OCSI) algorithm to detect collisions between prolate or oblate cuboids and spheres. We investigate OCSI’s performance by bench-marking it against a number of algorithms commonly employed in computer graphics and colloidal science: Quick Rejection First (QRI), Quick Rejection Intertwined (QRF) and a vectorized version of the OBB-sphere collision detection algorithm that explicitly uses SIMD Streaming Extension (SSE) intrinsics, here referred to as SSE-intr. We observed that QRI and QRF significantly depend on the specific cuboid anisotropy and sphere radius, while SSE-intr and OCSI maintain their speed independently of the objects’ geometry. While OCSI and SSE-intr, both based on SIMD parallelization, show excellent and very similar performance, the former provides a more accessible coding and user-friendly implementation as it exploits OpenMP directives for automatic vectorization.

scholarly journals Factor-graph-aided three-dimensional faster cooperative positioning algorithm

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Chengkai Tang ◽  
Jiaqi Liu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Zhu ◽  
Lingling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Factor Graph ◽  
Cooperative Positioning ◽  
Positioning Algorithm

scholarly journals The Effect of Material Properties on the Perceived Shape of Three-Dimensional Objects

i-Perception ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 204166952098231
Author(s):  
Masakazu Ohara ◽  
Juno Kim ◽  
Kowa Koida
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Viewing Condition ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Transparent Objects ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Local Root ◽  
Three Dimensional Shape

Perceiving the shape of three-dimensional objects is essential for interacting with them in daily life. If objects are constructed from different materials, can the human visual system accurately estimate their three-dimensional shape? We varied the thickness, motion, opacity, and specularity of globally convex objects rendered in a photorealistic environment. These objects were presented under either dynamic or static viewing condition. Observers rated the overall convexity of these objects along the depth axis. Our results show that observers perceived solid transparent objects as flatter than the same objects rendered with opaque reflectance properties. Regional variation in local root-mean-square image contrast was shown to provide information that is predictive of perceived surface convexity.

Effects of prolonged weightlessness on mental rotation of three-dimensional objects

1993 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsakis ◽  
M. Lipshits ◽  
V. Gurfinkel ◽  
A. Berthoz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects

scholarly journals Depth-independent segmentation of macroscopic three-dimensional objects encoded in single perspectives of digital holograms

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor P. McElhinney ◽  
John B. McDonald ◽  
Albertina Castro ◽  
Yann Frauel ◽  
Bahram Javidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Digital Holograms
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