scholarly journals Simultaneous Influence of Static Load and Temperature on the Electromechanical Signature of Piezoelectric Elements Bonded to Composite Aeronautic Structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Rebillat ◽  
Mikhail Guskov ◽  
Etienne Balmes ◽  
Nazih Mechbal
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Bonding Layer ◽  
Static Loads ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Simultaneous Influence

Electromechanical (EM) signature techniques have raised a huge interest in the structural health-monitoring community. These methods aim at assessing structural damages and sensors degradation by analyzing the EM responses of piezoelectric components bonded to aeronautic structures. These structures are subjected simultaneously to static loads and temperature variations that affect the metrics commonly used for damage detection and sensor diagnostics. However, the effects of load and temperature on these metrics have mostly been addressed separately. This paper presents experimentations conducted to investigate the simultaneous influence of static load and temperature on these metrics for two kinds of piezoelectric elements (lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and macrofiber composite (MFC)) bonded on sandwich composite materials, for the full range of real-life conditions encountered in aeronautics. Results obtained indicate that both factors affect the metrics in a coupled manner in particular due to the variations of the mechanical properties of the bonding layer when crossing its glass transition temperature. Furthermore, both piezoelectric elements globally behave similarly when subjected to temperature variations and static loads. Simultaneous accounting of both temperature and static load is thus needed in practice in order to design reliable structural health-monitoring systems based on these metrics.

scholarly journals Damage localization in geometrically complex aeronautic structures using canonical polyadic decomposition of Lamb wave difference signal tensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-321
Author(s):  
Marc Rébillat ◽  
Nazih Mechbal
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Health State ◽  
Damage Localization ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Geometrically Complex ◽  
Canonical Polyadic Decomposition

Monitoring in real time and autonomously the health state of aeronautic structures is referred to as structural health monitoring and is a process decomposed in four steps: damage detection, localization, classification, and quantification. In this work, the structures under study are aeronautic geometrically complex structures equipped with a bonded piezoelectric network. When interrogating such a structure, the resulting data lie along three dimensions (namely, the “actuator,”“sensor,” and “time” dimensions) and can thus be interpreted as three-way tensors. The fact that Lamb wave structural health monitoring–based data are naturally three-way tensors is here investigated for damage localization purpose. In this article, it is demonstrated that under classical assumptions regarding wave propagation, the canonical polyadic decomposition of rank 2 of the tensors build from the phase and amplitude of the difference signals between a healthy and damaged states provides direct access to the distances between the piezoelectric elements and damage. This property is used here to propose an original tensor-based damage localization algorithm. This algorithm is successfully validated on experimental data coming from a scale one part of an airplane nacelle (1.5 m in height for a semi circumference of 4 m) equipped with 30 piezoelectric elements and many stiffeners. Obtained results demonstrate that the tensor-based localization algorithm can locate a damage within this structure with an average precision of 10 cm and with a precision lower than 1 cm at best. In comparison with standard damage localization algorithms (delay-and-sum, reconstruction algorithm for probabilistic inspection of defects, and ellipse- or hyperbola-based algorithms), the proposed algorithm appears as more precise and robust on the investigated cases. Furthermore, it is important to notice that this algorithm only takes the raw signals as inputs and that no specific pre-processing steps or finely tuned external parameters are needed. This algorithm is thus very appealing as reliable and easy to settle damage localization timeliness with low false alarm rates are one of the key successes to shorten the gap between research and industrial deployment of structural health monitoring processes.

Feature extraction approach insensitive to temperature variations for impedance-based structural health monitoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Souza Campos ◽  
Bruno Albuquerque de Castro ◽  
Danilo Ecidir Budoya ◽  
Fabricio Guimarães Baptista ◽  
José Alfredo Covolan Ulson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Structural Health

Diagnosis and validation of damaged piezoelectric sensor in electromechanical impedance technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 837-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demi Ai ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Hongping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Bonding Layer ◽  
The Real ◽  
Electromechanical Impedance ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Impedance Technique

Piezoelectric sensor diagnosis and validity assessment as a prior component of structural health monitoring system are necessary in the practical application of electromechanical impedance technique. This article proposed an innovative sensor self-diagnosis process based on extracting the characterization of the real admittance (inverse of impedance) signature within a high-frequency range, which covered both diagnosis on damaged sensor after its installation and discrimination of sensor and structural damages during structural health monitoring process. Theoretical analysis was derived from the impedance model of piezoelectric-bonding layer-structure dynamic interaction system. Experimental investigations on piezoelectric sensor-bonded steel beam involved with structural damages of mass addition and notch damage were conducted to verify the process. It was found that the real admittance was reliable and critical in sensor diagnosis, and sensor faults of debonding, scratch, and breakage can be identified and differentiated from structural damage. Validity assessment of the diagnosed damaged sensor was addressed through resonant frequency shift method. The results showed that the validity of damaged sensor for structural health monitoring was inordinately depreciated by sensor damage. This article is expected to be useful for structural health monitoring application especially when damaged piezoelectric sensors existed.

Compensation of piezoceramic bonding layer degradation for structural health monitoring

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle R Mulligan ◽  
Nicolas Quaegebeur ◽  
Patrice Masson ◽  
Louis-Philippe Brault ◽  
Chunsheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Bonding Layer ◽  
Structural Health

scholarly journals Wave Propagation and Structural Health Monitoring Application on Parts Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing

Automation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Alireza Modir ◽  
Ibrahim Tansel
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Wave Propagation Speed

Additive manufacturing (AM) applications have been steadily increasing in many industry sectors. AM allows creating complex geometries inside of a part to leave some space empty, called infills. Lighter parts are manufactured in a shorter time with less warpage if the strength of the part meets the design requirements. While the benefits of structural health monitoring (SHM) have been proven in different structures, few studies have investigated SHM methods on AM parts. In this study, the relationship between wave propagation and infill density has been studied for the additively manufactured polymer parts. The propagation of surface waves is monitored by using piezoelectric elements. Four rectangular parts are manufactured by using the material extrusion method with 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100% rectilinear infill densities. Four piezoelectric elements were attached on the surface of each beam, one for excitation and three for monitoring the response of the part at equal distances on each part. The results demonstrated that the surface waves diminish faster at parts with lower densities. The received signal in the part with totally solid infills showed about 10 times higher amplitudes compare with the part with 20% infill. The surface response to excitation (SuRE) method was used for sensing the loading on the part. Also, the wave propagation speed was calculated with exciting parts with a pulse signal with a 10-microsecond duration. The wave propagation speed was almost the same for all infill densities.

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