A Control-Theoretic Approach to Neural Pharmacology: Optimizing Drug Selection and Dosing

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Kumar ◽  
Seul Ah Kim ◽  
ShiNung Ching
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Target Space ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Drug Selection ◽  
Modeling Paradigm ◽  
Dosing Strategies ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Optimal Construction ◽  
Selection Of

The induction of particular brain dynamics via neural pharmacology involves the selection of particular agonists from among a class of candidate drugs and the dosing of the selected drugs according to a temporal schedule. Such a problem is made nontrivial due to the array of synergistic drugs available to practitioners whose use, in some cases, may risk the creation of dose-dependent effects that significantly deviate from the desired outcome. Here, we develop an expanded pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling paradigm and show how it can facilitate optimal construction of pharmacologic regimens, i.e., drug selection and dose schedules. The key feature of the design method is the explicit dynamical-system based modeling of how a drug binds to its molecular targets. In this framework, a particular combination of drugs creates a time-varying trajectory in a multidimensional molecular/receptor target space, subsets of which correspond to different behavioral phenotypes. By embedding this model in optimal control theory, we show how qualitatively different dosing strategies can be synthesized depending on the particular objective function considered.

scholarly journals 669. Drug Selection of Hematopoietic Cells by Regulated MGMT Activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. S258
Author(s):  
Barbara Verbeek ◽  
Thomas D. Southgate ◽  
Michael D. Milsom ◽  
Amanda J. Watson ◽  
Lorna B. Woolford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Drug Selection ◽  
Selection Of

A time-varying reliability-based robust design method considering overall efficiency of axial piston pump

2021 ◽  
pp. 1748006X2110661
Author(s):  
Zunling Du ◽  
Yimin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Reliability Method ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Axial Piston

Axial piston pumps (APPs) are the core energy conversion components in a hydraulic transmission system. Energy conversion efficiency is critically important for the performance and energy-saving of the pumps. In this paper, a time-varying reliability design method for the overall efficiency of APPs was established. The theoretical and practical instantaneous torque and flow rate of the whole APP were derived through comprehensive analysis of a single piston-slipper group. Moreover, as a case study, the developed model for the instantaneous overall efficiency was verified with a PPV103-10 pump from HYDAC. The time-variation of reliability for the pump was revealed by a fourth-order moment technique considering the randomness of working conditions and structure parameters, and the proposed reliability method was validated by Monte Carlo simulation. The effects of the mean values and variance sensitivity of random variables on the overall efficiency reliability were analyzed. Furthermore, the optimized time point and design variables were selected. The optimal structure parameters were obtained to meet the reliability requirement and the sensitivity of design variables was significantly reduced through the reliability-based robust design. The proposed method provides a theoretical basis for designers to improve the overall efficiency of APPs in the design stage.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pelaporan Kelebihan Jam Mengajar Jurusan Akuntansi PNP

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Sukartini ◽  
Firman Surya ◽  
Welsi Haslina ◽  
Yusnani ◽  
Ulfi Maryati
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Database Application ◽  
Microsoft Access ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Right ◽  
Short Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Selection Of

This study aims to create a database application program that is able to process data on lecturer course activities and generate reports on the calculation of teaching fees periodically during the pandemic which requires lecturers to report lecture activities online. The system design method approach used is prototyping, namely by creating a program that most closely resembles user needs in a relatively short time. The prototype was generated using the Microsoft Access 2010 database application. The selection of microsoft access to create a prototype was based on the availability of complete facilities in Microsoft Access to design table relations, input forms, query processing, reports and the visual basic programming language for applications. Google Forms used to receive lecture data input online. The application development stages consist of design, testing and implementation stages. This application has succeeded in providing the right solution for the Padang State Polytechnic Accounting Department during the pandemic in calculating and reporting lecture activities and lecturers teaching fees.

No Access and Still in Pain

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Lindsay B. Ragsdale
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Intravenous Access ◽  
Skin Integrity ◽  
Dosing Strategies ◽  
Integrative Therapies ◽  
Control Pain ◽  
Selection Of

Pain management for children can be intimidating for providers unfamiliar with pediatric practice. Finding the correct dose can involve weight-based dosing and calculations of suspensions, which are overall more involved than adult dosing strategies. When there is a lack of intravenous access or the inability to use the gastrointestinal tract, finding the correct route of pain medication for children can be challenging. However, following simple strategies can help find the best option for pain relief. The least invasive route of medication administration should be selected first, and nonpharmacologic strategies should be layered in to enhance pain control. Pain should be assessed regularly, and therapy should be escalated when indicated. The pain medication should be matched with the type of pain and anticipated duration of painful stimulus. Skin integrity, weight-based dosing limitations, and prognosis should be considered in the selection of agents. Comfort position, supportive caregiver, and distraction and integrative therapies depending on age should be integrated into any treatment regimen.

scholarly journals The Aumann–Serrano Performance Index for Multi-Period Gambles in Stock Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Jiro Hodoshima ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamawake
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Sharpe Ratio ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Normal Mixture ◽  
Evaluation Score ◽  
Favorable Evaluation ◽  
Selection Of

We present an empirical study of the Aumann-Serrano performance index for multi-period gambles when the underlying stochastic process is assumed to be a normal mixture process with time-varying volatility. We compare the Aumann-Serrano performance index for multi-period gambles with that for one-period gambles as well as the Sharpe ratio. Our empirical study is obtained using a selection of U.S. stock data and shows evaluation of a selection of stocks becomes more distinct in multi-period gambles than in one-period gambles in the sense that a favorable evaluation score becomes even better in multi-period gambles than in one-period gambles while an unfavorable evaluation score becomes even worse in multi-period gambles than in one-period gambles.

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