Mixed Skyhook and Power-Driven-Damper: A New Low-Jerk Semi-Active Suspension Control Based on Power Flow Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilun Liu ◽  
Lei Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Active Suspensions ◽  
Switching Law ◽  
Suspension Control ◽  
Optimal Linear

In practice, semi-active suspensions provide better tradeoffs between performances and costs than passive or active damping. Many different semi-active control algorithms have been developed, including skyhook (SH), acceleration-driven-damper (ADD), power-driven-damper (PDD), mixed SH and ADD (SH-ADD), and others. Among them, it has been shown that the SH-ADD is quasi-optimal in reducing the sprung mass vibration. In this paper, we analyze the abilities of vehicular suspension components, the shock absorber and the spring, from the perspective of energy transfer between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass, and propose a new sprung mass control algorithm named mixed SH and PDD (SH-PDD). The proposed algorithm defines a switching law that is capable of mixing SH and PDD, and simultaneously carries their advantages to achieve a better suspension performance. As a result, the proposed SH-PDD is effective in reducing the sprung mass vibration across the whole frequency spectrum, similar to SH-ADD and much better than SH, PDD, and ADD, while eliminating the control chattering and high-jerk behaviors as occurred in SH-ADD. The superior characteristics of the SH-PDD are verified in numerical analysis as well as experiments. In addition, the proposed switching law is extended to mix other semi-active control algorithms such as the mixed hard damping and soft damping, and the mixed SH and clipped-optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR).

The Use of Damping Based Semi-Active Control Algorithms in the Mechanical Smart-Spring System

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wander Gustavo Rocha Vieira ◽  
Fred Nitzsche ◽  
Carlos De Marqui
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Spring Mechanism

In recent decades, semi-active control strategies have been investigated for vibration reduction. In general, these techniques provide enhanced control performance when compared to traditional passive techniques and lower energy consumption if compared to active control techniques. In semi-active concepts, vibration attenuation is achieved by modulating inertial, stiffness, or damping properties of a dynamic system. The smart spring is a mechanical device originally employed for the effective modulation of its stiffness through the use of semi-active control strategies. This device has been successfully tested to damp aeroelastic oscillations of fixed and rotary wings. In this paper, the modeling of the smart spring mechanism is presented and two semi-active control algorithms are employed to promote vibration reduction through enhanced damping effects. The first control technique is the smart-spring resetting (SSR), which resembles resetting control techniques developed for vibration reduction of civil structures as well as the piezoelectric synchronized switch damping on short (SSDS) technique. The second control algorithm is referred to as the smart-spring inversion (SSI), which presents some similarities with the synchronized switch damping (SSD) on inductor technique previously presented in the literature of electromechanically coupled systems. The effects of the SSR and SSI control algorithms on the free and forced responses of the smart-spring are investigated in time and frequency domains. An energy flow analysis is also presented in order to explain the enhanced damping behavior when the SSI control algorithm is employed.

Compensator Design for a MEMS Gyroscope With Quadratic Optimal Control

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cui ◽  
Wei Xue ◽  
Xiaolin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
System Response ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Mems Gyroscope ◽  
Compensator Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parameter Perturbations

A number of control algorithms have been reported to adopt force balancing scheme into MEMS vibratory gyroscope systems. In practice, however, many algorithms are difficult to implement with electronic circuits. This paper designs and analyzes a lead compensator for a MEMS gyroscope via the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique. LQR optimizes and balances the control effort and system response swiftness. Simulation shows the gyroscope achieves high linearity, wide dynamic range, and high robustness to fabrication uncertainties with this efficient compensator design. The closed-loop scale factor uniformity error is 0.7% under ±10% parameter perturbations. The compensator designed in this paper exhibits comparable outstanding performance compared to other reported control algorithms. The method reported in this paper is proved to be effective and can be used in a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals A Novel Concept for Guidance and Control of Spacecraft Orbital Maneuvers

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Dentis ◽  
Elisa Capello ◽  
Giorgio Guglieri
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Control ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
C Language ◽  
Orbital Maneuvers ◽  
Guidance And Control ◽  
Actuation System ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this paper is the design of guidance and control algorithms for orbital space maneuvers. A 6-dof orbital simulator, based on Clohessy-Wiltshire-Hill equations, is developed in C language, considering cold gas reaction thrusters and reaction wheels as actuation system. The computational limitations of on-board computers are also included. A combination of guidance and control algorithms for an orbital maneuver is proposed: (i) a suitably designed Zero-Effort-Miss/Zero-Effort-Velocity (ZEM/ZEV) algorithm is adopted for the guidance and (ii) a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used for the attitude control. The proposed approach is verified for different cases, including external environment disturbances and errors on the actuation system.

scholarly journals Design of Static Output Feedback and Structured Controllers for Active Suspension with Quarter-Car Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8231
Author(s):  
Manbok Park ◽  
Seongjin Yim
Keyword(s):  
Output Feedback ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Static Output Feedback ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Suspension Control ◽  
Quarter Car ◽  
Static Output

This paper presents a method to design active suspension controllers for a 7-Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) full-car (FC) model from controllers designed with a 2-DOF quarter-car (QC) one. A linear quadratic regulator (LQR) with 7-DOF FC model has been widely used for active suspension control. However, it is too hard to implement the LQR in real vehicles because it requires so many state variables to be precisely measured and has so many elements to be implemented in the gain matrix of the LQR. To cope with the problem, a 2-DOF QC model describing vertical motions of sprung and unsprung masses is adopted for controller design. LQR designed with the QC model has a simpler structure and much smaller number of gain elements than that designed with the FC one. In this paper, several controllers for the FC model are derived from LQR designed with the QC model. These controllers can give equivalent or better performance than that designed with the FC model in terms of ride comfort. In order to use available sensor signals instead of using full-state feedback for active suspension control, LQ static output feedback (SOF) and linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controllers are designed with the QC model. From these controllers, observer-based controllers for the FC model are also derived. To verify the performance of the controllers for the FC model derived from LQR and LQ SOF ones designed with the QC model, frequency domain analysis is undertaken. From the analysis, it is confirmed that the controllers for the FC model derived from LQ and LQ SOF ones designed with the QC model can give equivalent performance to those designed with the FC one in terms of ride comfort.

scholarly journals Optimization of parameters of a modal active control in a beam of composite material

2018 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 19002
Author(s):  
Camila Albertin Xavier da Silva ◽  
Erik Taketa ◽  
Edson Hideki Koroishi ◽  
Fabian Andres Lara-Molina ◽  
Albert Willian Faria
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Active Vibration Control ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
Optimization Of Parameters ◽  
The Time Domain

The present work proposes the active vibration control in a beam of composite material, using electromagnetic actuators, in order to obtain a reduction in the response of the displacement of the system associated to a reduction in energy consumption. The control theory used was the linear quadratic regulator solved by linear matrix inequalities. The electromagnetic actuator was then linearized using a methodology similar to that used in magnetic bearings. The work also proposes to study the optimization of parameters applied in this active control, by means of the heuristic optimization methods. From numerical simulations, the system´s response was obtained in the time domain that demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed technique in the active control of vibrations.

New genetic algorithm for structural active control by considering the effect of time delay

2020 ◽  
pp. 107754632093346
Author(s):  
Ali Banaei ◽  
Javad Alamatian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Active Control Method

This study focuses on a new active control method by improving specification of a well-known intelligent numerical search method, that is the genetic algorithm. The proposed scheme modifies the specifications of the common genetic algorithm by using two strategies. First, a new constrained objective function is proposed. Then, a procedure is designed for evaluating and reducing time delay in control process. These procedures lead to a new generation of the genetic algorithm, which is more reliable. For verifying the efficiency of the proposed method, vibrations of several structures are controlled, and results are compared with other well-known methods such as the common genetic algorithm, linear quadratic regulator, and equivalent critical damping. Numerical results clearly prove the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed control process in comparison with other methods.

Analytical Investigation on Elastodynamic Vibration Suppression of a Flexible Four-Bar Mechanism System Featuring a Smart Coupler Link and Multivariable Optimal Regulator

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sannah ◽  
Ahmad Smaili
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Vibration Suppression ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Luenberger Observer

Abstract This paper presents an analytical investigation on active control of the elastodynamic response of a four-bar (4R) mechanism system using “smart” materials featuring piezoelectric sensor/actuator (S/A) pairs and multivariable optimal control. The 4R mechanism consists of a flexible coupler link, relatively flexible follower link, and a relatively rigid crank. Two thin plate-type piezoceramic S/A pairs are bonded to the flanks of the coupler link at high strain locations corresponding to the first and second vibration modes. Based on the optimal multivariable control theory, a controller which consists of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and a Luenberger observer as a state estimator is designed and implemented. As the mechanism changes configuration, its modal characteristics are recalculated, and the controller is redesigned. The dynamic model used for the controller design includes the second and fourth vibration modes of the mechanism system. These modes are predominated by the first two bending modes of the mechanism’s coupler link. The results showed that while the proposed active control strategy is successful in reducing the amplitudes of vibrations about the quasistatic response, it has no effect on the quasistatic deflections due to steady state loading.

Active Control of Elastodynamic Vibrations of a Four-Bar Mechanism System With a Smart Coupler Link Using Optimal Multivariable Control: Experimental Implementation

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sannah ◽  
Ahmad Smaili
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
High Mode ◽  
Multivariable Control ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Luenberger Observer

Abstract This paper presents an experimental investigation on active control of the elastodynamic response of a four-bar (4R) mechanism system using “smart” materials featuring piezoelectric sensor/actuator (S/A) pairs and muitivariable optimal control. The experimental (4R) mechanism is made such that its coupler link is flexible, its follower link is slightly less flexible and its crank is relatively rigid. Two thin plate-type piezoceramic S/A pairs are bonded to the flanks of the coupler link at the high strain locations corresponding to the first and second vibration modes. Based on the optimal multivariable control theory, a controller which consists of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and a Luenberger observer as a state estimator is designed and implemented. The results of the experimental investigation prove that in order to prevent high mode excitations, the controller design should be based on the modes representing vibrations of all components comprising the mechanism system rather than the modes corresponding to the link to which the S/A pairs are bonded. Response amplitude attenuation ratios up to 50 percent are achieved and high mode excitations are prevented.

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