Performance Characterization of a Capacitive Deionization Water Desalination System With an Intermediate Solution and Low Salinity Water

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Salamat ◽  
Carlos A. Rios Perez ◽  
Carlos Hidrovo
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
In Series ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Intermediate Solution ◽  
Preceding Cell

In recent years, more efforts have been made to improve new and more efficient nonmembrane-based methods for water desalination. Capacitive deionization (CDI), a novel technique for water desalination using an electric field to adsorb ions from a solution to a high-porous media, has the capability to recover a fraction of the energy consumed for the desalination during the regeneration process, which happens to be its most prominent characteristic among other desalination methods. This paper introduces a new desalination method that aims at improving the performance of traditional CDI systems. The proposed process consists of an array of CDI cells connected in series with buffer containers in between them. Each buffer serves two purposes: (1) averaging the outlet solution from the preceding cell and (2) securing a continuous water supply to the following cell. Initial evaluation of the proposed CDI system architecture was made by comparing a two-cell-one-buffer assembly with a two cascaded cells array. Concentration of the intermediate solution buffer was the minimum averaged concentration attained at the outlet of the first CDI cell, under a steady-state condition. The obtained results show that the proposed CDI system with intermediate solution had better performance in terms of desalination percentage. This publication opens new opportunities to improve the performance of CDI systems and implement this technology on industrial applications.

Performance Characterization of a Capacitive Deionization Water Desalination System With an Intermediate Solution and Low Salinity Water

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedehyasamin Salamat ◽  
Carlos A. Rios Perez ◽  
Carlos Hidrovo
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
In Series ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Intermediate Solution ◽  
Preceding Cell

In recent years, more efforts have been made to improve new and more efficient non-membrane-based methods for water desalination. Capacitive deionization (CDI), a novel technique for water desalination using an electric field to adsorb ions from a solution to a high-porous media, has the capability to recover a fraction of the energy consumed for the desalination during the regeneration process, which happens to be its most prominent characteristic among other desalination methods. This paper introduces a new desalination method that aims improving the performance of traditional CDI systems. The proposed process consists of an array of CDI cells connected in series with buffer containers in between them. Each buffer, serve two purposes: 1) average the outlet solution from the preceding cell, and 2) secure a continuous water supply to the following cell. Initial evaluation of the proposed CDI system architecture was made by comparing a two-cell-one-buffer assembly with a two cascaded cells array. Concentration of the intermediate solution buffer was the minimum averaged concentration attained at the outlet of the first CDI cell, under a steady state condition. The obtained results show that proposed CDI system with intermediate solution had better performance in terms of desalination percentage. This publication opens new opportunities to improve the performance of CDI systems and implement this technology on industrial applications.

Performance Improvement of Capacitive Deionization for Water Desalination Using a Multi-Step Buffered Approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Salamat ◽  
Carlos A. Rios Perez ◽  
Carlos Hidrovo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Outlet Concentration ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Intermediate Solution

Due to the increasing demand for clean and potable water stemming from population growth and exacerbated by the scarcity of fresh water resources, more attention has been drawn to different and innovative methods for water desalination. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a relatively new, low maintenance, and energy efficient technique for desalinating brackish water. In this technique, an electrical field is employed to adsorb ions into a high-porous media. After the saturation of the porous electrodes, their adsorption capacity can be restored through a regeneration process. Various parameters affect the overall performance of CDI. The flow rate at which water is purified in CDI plays an essential role in its ultimate performance. Many studies have shown that desalination percentage decreases as flow rate increases in CDI, since the advection of ions in the flow becomes more dominant than their diffusion toward the electrodes. However, herein, based on a physical model previously developed, we conjecture that for a given amount of time and volume of water, multiple desalination cycles in a high flow rate regime will outperform desalinating in a single cycle at a low flow rate. Moreover, splitting a CDI unit into two sub-units, with the same total length, will lead to higher desalination. Based on these premises, we introduce a new approach aimed at enhancing the overall performance of CDI. An array of CDI cells are sequentially connected to each other with intermediate solutions placed in between them. These intermediate solutions act as buffers to homogenize the outlet concentration of the preceding cell and maintain a constant inlet concentration for the following cell. Desalination tests were conducted to compare the performance of the proposed system, consisting of two CDI units and one intermediate solution buffer, with a two-cascaded-CDI unit system with no intermediate solution. Desalination tests were performed in a high flow rate regime with a low salinity initial solution of NaCl in water. In the buffered arrangement, the concentration of the solution buffer was set at the minimum average outlet concentration of the first CDI test. Experimental data demonstrated the improved performance of the buffered system over the non-buffered system, in terms of desalination percentage and energy consumption. Increasing the number of CDI units and solution buffers in a buffered system, the new proposed method will lead to lower amount of energy consumed per unit volume of the desalinated water.

Characterization of Rock and Fluid Properties for Low-Salinity Water Flooding of Highly Paraffinic Oil in a Deep Low-Permeability High-Pressure High-Temperature Offshore Carbonate Reservoir

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Singh ◽  
P. H. Gopani ◽  
H. K. Sarma ◽  
P. S. Mattey ◽  
D. S. Negi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Paraffinic Oil

Abstract Characterization of the rock and fluids is an essential step in screening a reservoir for Low-Salinity Water Flooding (LSWF). A detailed characterization of rock and fluid properties using appropriate methods is being presented for LSWF in a low-permeability deep carbonate reservoir together with a critical analysis of findings. The techniques used are assessed against other possible alternative methods, with inferences drawn on advantages and disadvantages of each to better interpret and apply data so gathered. In so doing, discussions on their key features as to how they can be used effectively and efficiently to screen a reservoir for LSWF are also provided. Such integration of results with other available reservoir and production data should result in a comprehensive description of the target reservoir, and it will help interpret the mechanisms and process dynamics more reliably during a low-salinity waterflood. This integration should allow us not only to gain confidence on the experimental studies but could also help optimize the key parameters responsible for formulating a more robust, reliable and representative regime for tests relevant to the LSWF prior to its eventual implementation in the field. To authors’ knowledge, such integration of experimental studies has not yet been reported in the literature, particularly for the tight carbonate reservoirs with highly paraffinic oil.

scholarly journals Chitosan-based activated carbon as economic and efficient sustainable material for capacitive deionization of low salinity water

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (46) ◽  
pp. 26676-26684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghao Wu ◽  
Dawei Liang ◽  
Xiumei Ma ◽  
Shanfu Lu ◽  
Yan Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Sustainable Material ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

Chitosan was selected as a carbonaceous precursor to prepare high-performance chitosan-based activated carbon (CTS-AC) for CDI electrode.

NMR-MRI Characterization of Low-Salinity Water Alternating CO2Flooding in tight Carbonate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
HongTao Zhang ◽  
Omar Al-Farisi ◽  
Aikifa Raza ◽  
TieJun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Tight Carbonate ◽  
Salinity Water

Performance Improvement of Capacitive Deionization for Water Desalination Using a Multistep Buffered Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Salamat ◽  
Carlos A. Rios Perez ◽  
Carlos Hidrovo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Intermediate Solution ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Increasing Demand

Due to the increasing demand for clean and potable water stemming from population growth and exacerbated by the scarcity of fresh water resources, more attention has been drawn to innovative methods for water desalination. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a low maintenance and energy efficient technique for desalinating brackish water, which employs an electrical field to adsorb ions into a high-porous media. After the saturation of the porous electrodes, their adsorption capacity can be restored through a regeneration process. Herein, based on a physical model previously developed, we conjecture that for a given amount of time and volume of water, multiple desalination cycles in a high flow rate regime will outperform desalinating in a single cycle at a low flow rate. Moreover, splitting a CDI unit into two subunits, with the same total length, will lead to higher desalination. Based on these premises, we introduce a new approach aimed at enhancing the overall performance of CDI. An array of CDI cells are sequentially connected to each other with intermediate solutions placed in between them. Desalination tests were conducted to compare the performance of the proposed system, consisting of two CDI units and one intermediate solution buffer, with a two-cascaded-CDI unit system with no intermediate solution. Experimental data demonstrated the improved performance of the buffered system over the nonbuffered system, in terms of desalination percentage and energy consumption. The new proposed method can lead to lower amount of energy consumed per unit volume of the desalinated water.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document