A Review on Bistable Composite Laminates for Morphing and Energy Harvesting

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir A. Emam ◽  
Daniel J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Equilibrium Position ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Bistable Structure ◽  
Continuous Power

Bistable composite laminates have received a considerable attention due to their fabulous behavior and potential for morphing and energy harvesting. A bistable or multistable laminate is a type of composite structure that exhibits multiple stable static configurations. The characterization of unsymmetric fiber-reinforced laminated composite plates as a bistable structure is well established and quantitatively determined after about 30 years of research. As predicting cured shapes of unsymmetric composite laminates became well identified, attention was directed to the design of these structures for morphing applications. Bistable composite laminates have attracted researchers as a morphing structure because a bistable structure settles at one of its equilibrium positions without demanding continuous power to remain there. If the structure is triggered to leave an equilibrium position, it will snap or jump to the other equilibrium position. The snapthrough response is highly geometrically nonlinear. With the increased demand for broadband vibration energy harvesters, bistable composite laminates, which are able to gain large-amplitude vibrations in snapthrough motion, have recently attracted attention. This paper aims to summarize, review, and assess references and findings concerned with the response of bistable composite laminates for morphing and energy harvesting to date. It also highlights the remaining challenges and possible future research work as research in bistable composites transitions from phenomena to application.

Nonlinear Vibrations of Plates: An Update of Recent Research Developments

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (10S) ◽  
pp. S55-S62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sathyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Vibrations ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Inertia Effects ◽  
Vibration Behavior ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Complicating Factors ◽  
Future Research Directions

This paper comprises a survey on the nonlinear vibration analysis of plates, with emphasis on research carried out since 1987. Most of the research reviewed here deals with the effects of geometric nonlinearity on the vibration behavior of plates. Complicating factors such as material nonlinearity, geometric imperfections, transverse shear and rotatory inertia effects, and magnetic fields on the vibration behavior are included. Recent developments in the analytical and numerical methods of solution of isotropic, orthotropic as well as laminated, composite plates are presented. Experimental, analytical, and numerical investigations are included for all the cases reviewed and some general remarks are presented along with suggestions for future research directions.

Analytical Solutions of Refined Plate Theories of Cross-Ply Composite Laminates

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Khdeir ◽  
J. N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Third Order ◽  
State Space Approach ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Shear Deformation Theories ◽  
Space Approach

Exact solutions of rectangular laminated composite plates with different boundary conditions are studied. The Le´vy-type solutions of the classical, first-order and third-order shear deformation theories are developed using the state-space approach. The finite-element solutions for the three theories are also computed and compared with the exact solutions for various boundary conditions.

A Novel Finite-Element– Numerical-Integration Model for Composite Laminates Supported on Opposite Edges

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1114-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun Kant ◽  
Sandeep S. Pendhari ◽  
Yogesh M. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Numerical Integrators ◽  
Support Conditions

An attempt is made here to devise a new methodology for an integrated stress analysis of laminated composite plates wherein both in-plane and transverse stresses are evaluated simultaneously. The method is based on the governing three-dimensional (3D) partial differential equations (PDEs) of elasticity. A systematic procedure is developed for a case when one of the two in-plane dimensions of the laminate is considered infinitely long (y direction) with no changes in loading and boundary conditions in that direction. The laminate could then be considered in a two-dimensional (2D) state of plane strain in x-z plane. It is here that the governing 2D PDEs are transformed into a coupled system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in transverse z direction by introducing partial discretization in the finite inplane direction x. The mathematical model thus reduces to solution of a boundary value problem (BVP) in the transverse z direction in ODEs. This BVP is then transformed into a set of initial value problems (IVPs) so as to use the available efficient and effective numerical integrators for them. Through thickness displacement and stress fields at the finite element discrete nodes are observed to be in excellent agreement with the elasticity solution. A few new results for cross-ply laminates under clamped support conditions are also presented for future reference and also to show the generality of the formulation.

Modeling and Analysis of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting With Dynamic Plucking Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlei Fu ◽  
Wei-Hsin Liao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Beam

Nonharmonic excitations are widely distributed in the environment. They can work as energy sources of vibration energy harvesters for powering wireless electronics. To overcome the narrow bandwidth of linear vibration energy harvesters, plucking piezoelectric energy harvesters have been designed. Plucking piezoelectric energy harvesters can convert sporadic motions into plucking force to excite vibration energy harvesters and achieve broadband performances. Though different kinds of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesters have been designed, the plucking mechanism is not well understood. The simplified models of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesting neglect the dynamic interaction between the plectrum and the piezoelectric beam. This research work is aimed at investigating the plucking mechanism and developing a comprehensive model of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesting. In this paper, the dynamic plucking mechanism is investigated and the Hertzian contact theory is applied. The developed model of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesting accounts for the dynamic interaction between the plectrum and the piezoelectric beam by considering contact theory. Experimental results show that the developed model well predicts the responses of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesters under different plucking velocities and overlap lengths. Parametric studies are conducted on the dimensionless model after choosing appropriate scaling. The influences of plucking velocity and overlap length on energy harvesting performance and energy conversion efficiency are discussed. The comprehensive model helps investigate the characteristics and guide the design of plucking piezoelectric energy harvesters.

On the Role of Nonlinearities in Vibratory Energy Harvesting: A Critical Review and Discussion

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed F. Daqaq ◽  
Ravindra Masana ◽  
Alper Erturk ◽  
D. Dane Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Potential Shape ◽  
State Frequency ◽  
Vibratory Energy Harvesting ◽  
Continuous Power

The last two decades have witnessed several advances in microfabrication technologies and electronics, leading to the development of small, low-power devices for wireless sensing, data transmission, actuation, and medical implants. Unfortunately, the actual implementation of such devices in their respective environment has been hindered by the lack of scalable energy sources that are necessary to power and maintain them. Batteries, which remain the most commonly used power sources, have not kept pace with the demands of these devices, especially in terms of energy density. In light of this challenge, the concept of vibratory energy harvesting has flourished in recent years as a possible alternative to provide a continuous power supply. While linear vibratory energy harvesters have received the majority of the literature's attention, a significant body of the current research activity is focused on the concept of purposeful inclusion of nonlinearities for broadband transduction. When compared to their linear resonant counterparts, nonlinear energy harvesters have a wider steady-state frequency bandwidth, leading to a common belief that they can be utilized to improve performance in ambient environments. Through a review of the open literature, this paper highlights the role of nonlinearities in the transduction of energy harvesters under different types of excitations and investigates the conditions, in terms of excitation nature and potential shape, under which such nonlinearities can be beneficial for energy harvesting.

scholarly journals Towards Bio-Hybrid Energy Harvesting in the Real-World: Pushing the Boundaries of Technologies and Strategies Using Bio-Electrochemical and Bio-Mechanical Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2220
Author(s):  
Abanti Shama Afroz ◽  
Donato Romano ◽  
Francesco Inglese ◽  
Cesare Stefanini
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Living Organisms

Sustainable, green energy harvesting has gained a considerable amount of attention over the last few decades and within its vast field of resources, bio-energy harvesters have become promising. These bio-energy harvesters appear in a wide variety and function either by directly generating energy with mechanisms similar to living organisms or indirectly by extracting energy from living organisms. Presently this new generation of energy harvesters is fueling various low-power electronic devices while being extensively researched for large-scale applications. In this review we concentrate on recent progresses of the three promising bio-energy harvesters: microbial fuel cells, enzyme-based fuel cells and biomechanical energy harvesters. All three of these technologies are already extensively being used in small-scale applications. While microbial fuel cells hold immense potential in industrial-scale energy production, both enzyme-based fuel cells and biomechanical energy harvesters show promises of becoming independent and natural power sources for wearable and implantable devices for many living organisms including humans. Herein, we summarize the basic principles of these bio-energy harvesting technologies, outline their recent advancements and estimate the near future research trends.

3D Riveting Process Simulation of Laminated Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 405-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Jo Kim ◽  
Seung Hoon Paik ◽  
Kuk Hyun Ji ◽  
Tae Ho Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Interference Fit ◽  
Riveting Process

Laminated composite plates have lower interlaminar strength making it difficult to apply interference-fit rivet joining. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model has been developed in order to simulate the riveting process on composite plates. The finite element model is based on continuum elements and accounts for some important mechanisms involved in a whole riveting process. The stresses around the rivet hole and the deformed shapes of the rivet are presented together with the effects of the interference fit and the geometry of the washer when the rivet joints are subjected to the compressive load. The numerical results show the applicability of an interference-fit riveting in composite laminates.

Plasticity Analysis of Laminated Composite Plates

1982 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. Bahei-El-Din ◽  
G. J. Dvorak
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Laminated Plates ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Local Stresses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hardening Rules ◽  
Yield Conditions

Elastic-plastic behavior of symmetric metal-matrix composite laminates is analyzed for the case of in-plane mechanical loading. The overall response of the laminate at each instant is derived from the elastic-plastic deformation of the individual fibrous layers, and from their mutual constraints. Constitutive equations of the laminated plates are presented in terms of initial yield conditions, hardening rules, and instantaneous compliances. Local stresses, hardening parameters, and strains are found in each lamina and in the fiber and matrix phases within each lamina. Specific results are obtained with the continuum model of elastic-plastic fibrous composites [1] which has been recently developed by the authors. Comparisons of analytical results with experimental measurements are made for certain laminated plates.

Recent Advances in Computational Thermostructural Analysis of Composite Plates and Shells With Strong Nonlinearities

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Argyris ◽  
Lazarus Tenek
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Temperature Materials ◽  
Plates And Shells ◽  
Triangular Elements ◽  
Very High

The article presents some modern developments in computational technology for the nonlinear thermostructural analysis of laminated composite plates and shells of arbitrary geometry. Following a review of the current state of the art, it particularly emphasizes on new finite element methodologies that can be applied to the study of complex laminated shells both thermally and structurally using the same topology constructed via simple simplex triangular elements based on respective first-order lamination theories. Very high temperatures are imposed on some examples in order to demonstrate the high effect of nonlinearity. In addition, the authors want to prepare the ground for the advent of new high-temperature materials. For the numerical examples presented comparison with reference solutions is made where available. Thus the present overview intends to impact a continuing discussion on the unification and integration of thermal and structural analyses methods as they apply to large and complex high-temperature composite shell structures under combined thermal and mechanical loading. In this respect it also intends to contribute to the on-going efforts of integrating thermal and structural engineering codes and the development of suitable interfaces. Future research trends are also identified.

Dynamic instability of laminated composite rectangular plates subjected to non-uniform harmonic in-plane edge loading

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Sahu ◽  
P K Datta
Keyword(s):  
Shear Deformation ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Shear Deformation Theory ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Rectangular Plates ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Instability Regions

The dynamic instability behaviour of isotropic, cross-ply and angle-ply laminated composite plates under combined uniaxial and harmonically varying in-plane point or patch loads is investigated using finite element analysis. The first-order shear deformation theory is used to model the composite laminates, considering the effects of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia. The effects of various geometrical parameters, boundary conditions, lamination and load parameters on the principal dynamic instability regions of composite plates are studied in detail. The preferential orientations depending on the instability regions for simply supported patch and point loaded plates have been suggested for angle-ply plates. The dynamic instability region has been influenced by the restraint provided at the edges.

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