On the Difference Between Risk as Seen From the Perspectives of the Analysts and Management

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terje Aven
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Risk Sources ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

In its general form, risk is quantitatively described by analysts by identifying a set of consequences C of an activity and using a measure Q to express the uncertainties related to these consequences. This risk description (C,Q) is based on a background knowledge K, including assumptions on which the (C,Q) assessment was found. The purpose of the present paper is to draw attention to the fact that risk from the perspective of the decision-maker necessarily needs to see beyond (C,Q); judgments of the background knowledge K of the analysts are an integral part of the management’s and the decision-maker’s risk description and evaluation. Thus, this risk description of the analyst is (C,Q|K), whereas the management and the decision-maker need to reflect on the unconditional description (C,Q,K), seeing K as containing potential risk sources. Ways of characterizing this risk are presented and discussed. An example from the oil and gas industry is used to illustrate the discussions and show the importance for the practice of risk assessment and management.

ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT: A PROPOSED SCHEME

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
H.B. Goff ◽  
R.K. Steedman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Risk Management ◽  
The Impact

Environmental risk assessment is becoming an increasingly important factor in the assessment process for new projects. The oil and gas industry is familiar with assessing and managing risks from a wide range of sources. In particular, risk assessment and management is fundamental to the evaluation and implementation of Safety cases. Risk assessment is essential in valuing exploration acreage. Various industry and government risk management standards and criteria have been developed for public and occupational health and safety.This paper examines the extension of these approaches to environmental risk management for the offshore oil and gas industry and proposes a conceptual management scheme.We regard risk as the probability of an event occurring and the consequences of that event. The risk is classified into four categories, namely:primary risk, which relates to the mechanical oilfield equipment;secondary risk, which relates to the natural transport processes. For example dispersion of oil in the water column and surrounding sea;the tertiary risk, which relates to the impact on some defined part of the physical, biological or social environment; andthe quaternary risk, which relates to the recovery of the environment from any impact.Generally the methods of quantitatively analysing primary and secondary risks are well known, while there remains considerable uncertainty surrounding the tertiary and quaternary risk and they are at best qualitative only. An example of the method is applied to coral reef and other sensitive areas which may be at risk from oil spills.This risk management scheme should assist both operators and regulators in considering complex environmental problems which have an inherent uncertainty. It also proves a systematic approach on which sound environmental decisions can be taken and further research and analysis based. Perceived risk is recognised, but the management of this particular issue is not dealt with.

Assessing Low-Constraint Fracture Toughness Test Methods Using Clamped SENT Specimens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Kui Zhu ◽  
Tom McGaughy
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Fracture Toughness Test ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Constraint

Abstract The low-constraint fracture toughness can be measured using a single edge-notched tension (SENT) specimen in the clamped-end conditions. The SENT specimen has been used in the oil and gas industry in the strain-based design and the crack assessment for transmission pipelines. Since 2006 when DNV published the first SENT test practice, many investigations have been done, and various SENT test methods were developed, including CANMET and ExxonMobil methods in terms of the J-integral and CTOD. The effort led to the first SENT test standard BS 8571 being published in 2014. However, the experimental evaluation methods remain in developing, and different methods may determine inconsistent results. For this reason, the present paper gives a brief review on SENT fracture testing and assesses the available test methods, including progresses on study of stress intensity factor, geometric eta factors, elastic compliance equation, and constraint m factor as well. The difference between J-converted CTOD and double clip gage measured CTOD is also discussed. On those bases, agreements and challenges in SENT testing are identified. The results provide a direction for further investigation to improve the current SENT test methods.

Digitalizing and Geo-Enabling Observation Cards to Improve Hazard Mitigation and Better Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Paramitha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Workers

Health, safety, and environment (HSE) play a vital role and sits at the highest pedestal in the oil and gas industry. It should therefore be the top priority in the oil and gas industry as this function enables a reduction in potential hazards, including injuries, fatalities, damage to facilities, and occupational safety. Field workers typically use observation cards to report the potential hazards or discrepancies discovered in the field. However, in some companies, reporting is still done manually by filling out the observation cards in handwritten paper form and then manually submitted to the HSE supervisor. The supervisor will receive all the forms, input the data into spreadsheets, analyze the data, then make decisions to mitigate the hazard(s). These workflows are certainly time-consuming and prone to errors. Therefore, this paper aims to simplify these workflows by enabling digital system of records and geospatial information on HSE observation. Geographic Information System (GIS) form-based mobile application that integrates object location, mobile phone camera, and textual information was developed. In this paper, a GIS digital-based form that connects spatial data with attribute data is presented. Field workers can use this form to report any potential hazards and acquired pictures of evidence using mobile devices. The report will be transmitted to the server database through a web service, being visualized and analyzed to alert the potential hazards for pro-active action. In addition, this GIS form-based mobile application can also be used in a web-based application for office workers. This application will reduce errors while filling the observation cards or adding the data to sheets manually. It also time-efficient since the submitted reports can be monitored in real-time, and the follow-up action can be executed sooner. This will provide easier accessibility and better experience of hazard reporting anytime and anywhere, improve hazard mitigation, and better risk assessment.

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