A Low-Cost and High-Resolution Micromachine Tool With Toggle-Based Mechanism

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ming Wang ◽  
Zhe-Zhi Ye ◽  
Chih-Peng Yang ◽  
Chuntai Yen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
New Type ◽  
Weight Structure ◽  
Fine Resolution ◽  
3D Shapes

The products of 3C, bioscience, medical industry, and aerospace industry are becoming smaller and smaller. The components of the products are made of various materials with complex 3D shapes requiring high accuracy in their dimensions and contours. An accurate micro-/mesoscale computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool is an essential part of this technology. A new type of CNC micromachine tool with a togglelike mechanism having the characteristics of low-cost and fine-resolution was developed. With geometric reduction principle, the machine can provide finer feed resolution and better positioning accuracy without using high-end driving components and controller. The kinematics model and characteristics of the machine were derived and analyzed. Modal analysis and dynamic compliance analysis were employed to design a light-weight structure with good stiffness. The accuracy calibration results showed the machine can reach a positioning accuracy of 500 nm. Prototype of the machine was built, and furthermore, some micromachining examples were demonstrated in this paper.

A Low-Cost and High-Resolution Micro Machine Tool With Toggle-Based Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Ming Wang ◽  
Chih-Peng Yang ◽  
Zhe-Zhi Ye ◽  
Chuntai Yen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
New Type ◽  
Weight Structure ◽  
Micro Machine ◽  
Fine Resolution ◽  
Micro Machine Tool

The products of 3C, bioscience, medical industry, and aerospace industry are becoming smaller and smaller. The components of the products are made of various materials with complex 3D shapes requiring high accuracy in their dimensions and contours. An accurate micro-/meso-scale CNC machine tool is an essential part of this technology. A new type of CNC micro machine tool with a toggle-like mechanism having the characteristics of low-cost and fine-resolution was developed. With geometric reduction principle, the machine can provide finer feed resolution and better positioning accuracy without using high-end driving components and controller. The kinematics model and characteristics of the machine were derived and analyzed. Modal analysis and dynamic compliance analysis were employed to design a light-weight structure with good stiffness. The accuracy calibration results showed the machine can reach a positioning accuracy of 500 nm. Prototype of the machine was built, and furthermore some micro machining examples were demonstrated in this paper.

A New Miniaturized CNC Machine Tool

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3259-3262
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Wen He Liao ◽  
Hui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Precision Stage

A miniaturized CNC (Computerized Numerical Control) milling machining equipment was mentioned for micro milling processing. The equipment has a highest spindle speed of 90000rpm and the positioning accuracy of submicron. Furthermore, it described the design of CNC servo system of precision stage driven by linear motor. The servo experiments results verified the excellent static and dynamic performance of the system. The machining tests included a plane with a surface roughness of 215nm using a end milling cutter of Φ0.2μm, micro straight slots with a dimension error range of 1-2μm using a ball-end cutter of Φ0.2μm and some complex structures. The analysis results of these tests show that the system is able to fulfill the micro milling machining of micro components.

An Integrated Design for a CNC Machine

2014 ◽  
pp. 254-265
Author(s):  
Amro Shafik ◽  
Salah Haridy
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
Stepper Motors

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is a technology that converts coded instructions and numerical data into sequential actions that describe the motion of machine axes or the behavior of an end effector. Nowadays, CNC technology has been introduced to different stages of production, such as rapid prototyping, machining and finishing processes, testing, packaging, and warehousing. The main objective of this chapter is to introduce a methodology for design and implementation of a simple and low-cost educational CNC prototype. The machine consists of three independent axes driven by stepper motors through an open-loop control system. Output pulses from the parallel port of Personal Computer (PC) are used to drive the stepper motors after processing by an interface card. A flexible, responsive, and real-time Visual C# program is developed to control the motion of the machine axes. The integrated design proposed in this chapter can provide engineers and students in academic institutions with a simple foundation to efficiently build a CNC machine based on the available resources. Moreover, the proposed prototype can be used for educational purposes, demonstrations, and future research.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Vision-Based Monitoring of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Machine Tools for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungjung Kim ◽  
Woo-Kyun Jung ◽  
In-Gyu Choi ◽  
Sung-Hoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computer Numerical Control ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Smart Factory ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Cnc Machine

In the new era of manufacturing with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the smart factory is getting much attention as a solution for the factory of the future. Despite challenges in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), such as short-term strategies and labor-intensive with limited resources, they have to improve productivity and stay competitive by adopting smart factory technologies. This study presents a novel monitoring approach for SMEs, KEM (keep an eye on your machine), and using a low-cost vision, such as a webcam and open-source technologies. Mainly, this idea focuses on collecting and processing operational data using cheaper and easy-to-use components. A prototype was tested with the typical 3-axis computer numerical control (CNC) milling machine. From the evaluation, availability of using a low-cost webcam and open-source technologies for monitoring of machine tools was confirmed. The results revealed that the proposed system is easy to integrate and can be conveniently applied to legacy machine tools on the shop floor without a significant change of equipment and cost barrier, which is less than $500 USD. These benefits could lead to a change of monitoring operations to reduce time in operation, energy consumption, and environmental impact for the sustainable production of SMEs.

The Stiffness Analysis and Modeling Simulation of Ball Screw Feed System

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 2914-2920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wu ◽  
Zhi Yuan Rui ◽  
Jian Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Axial Stiffness ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Feed System

The computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool was investigated and the dynamics model for the servo feed system was established. Based on the fixing constraint of the ball screw, the mathematical models of axial stiffness and torsion stiffness are constructed. According to the effects of stiffness on the dynamic performance, the simulation model for CNC machine tool feed system with stiffness considered was set up by the dynamic simulation tool Simulink, and a curve representing the performance of the system was obtained. To reduce the effect of stiffness on the system, the feedforward control strategy is used for stiffness compensation. The simulation results show that the stability and response performances of the system are improved and the steady-state error of the system is reduced by the control strategy.

Study on Fault Diagnosis and Repair Strategy of CNC Machine Tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 967-970
Author(s):  
Guo Min Lin ◽  
Miao Shang ◽  
Wen Guang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Hardware Faults ◽  
Main Spindle

CNC machine tool fault types, repair characteristics, the principle to be followed are described. The mechanical systems, Numerical control system, servo system fault diagnosis and repair for CNC machine tools are analyzed in detail. The strategy of the hardware faults such as main spindle part, the ball screw-nut pairs, cutter and tool change device, the strategy of the software repair are proposed.

Research on Embedded Numerical Control System Software Based on ARM Microprocessor

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 2026-2031
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Jia Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Nc Program

The design thought of "dual-CPU architecture" is used on the basis of a deep study of embedded systems and multi-functional CNC machine tools. That is to say, microprocessor S3C2440A of Samsung ARM9 series is used as control core, whose PWM timer produces pulse to realize the automatic control of the process. As the main control center, it plays the main functions of NC program input, keyboard entry, LCD display, the interpretation of the program, crude interpolation and so on. Using CPU as auxiliary equipment, it receives signals from master control center to realize fine interpolation through further calculation. Simultaneously the periphery of the system expands modules of human-computer interaction, communication, servo, and input/output to realize human-machine interaction, data communication and motor control. Finally, the hardware modules are debugged and the results are analyzed, which shows that the system is of fast response, reliability, low cost and good cutting and portability. This system has achieved the desired anticipation and has broad prospect in the economical CNC field which requires fast moving and proper processing speed.

The Architecture of Reliability Information System for CNC Machine Tool in Concurrent Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Zhang ◽  
S.J. Liu ◽  
C.Y. Duan ◽  
Y.M. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Engineering ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Current Engineering ◽  
General Guidance

Based on the functional requirement analysis of the compute-aided reliability information system, some concepts are proposed, such as the distributed progressive reliability analysis and the functional decomposition and reconstitution for CNC machine tool. At the same time, the architecture of the CARNC-CE (Computer Aided Reliability Numerical Control for Current Engineering) including physical layer, foundational layer, executive layer, applied layer and illustration layer, is introduced, which provides the general guidance and the frame to realize CNC machine tool reliability analysis system in concurrent engineering.

ANALYSIS AND COMPENSATION OF STIFFNESS IN CNC MACHINE TOOL FEED SYSTEM

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAOSHENG WANG ◽  
JIANMIN ZUO ◽  
MULAN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Axial Stiffness ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Dead Band ◽  
Torsion Stiffness ◽  
State Error

Based on the elastic mechanics theory, the mathematical models of axial stiffness and torsion stiffness are constructed in accordance with single end thrust and two ends thrust. The effects of stiffness on dead band error are analyzed. With the analysis of displacement deviation induced by axial stiffness and angular displacement deflection caused by torsion stiffness, a formula to calculate the dead band error is presented. A model for Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine tool feed system with stiffness is established. By applying computer simulation, dynamic performances, static performances and steady-state error of the system are analyzed. To reduce the effect of stiffness on the system, the feedforward control method is used to compensate stiffness. The simulation analysis shows the result that dynamic and static performances are improved, as well as steady-state error of the system is reduced by more than 58% with this approach.

Recent Patents on the Structure of High-Speed Motorized Spindle

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Ye Dai ◽  
Wen-Qiang Wei ◽  
Xue-Liang Zhang ◽  
Yun-Shan Qi
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
High Precision ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spindle Structure

Background: As one of the core components of high-speed CNC machine tool, high-speed motorized spindle is the core functional component of high precision CNC machine tool, which has become the key research and development object of the world. Objective: By comparing and discussing the patents of high-speed motorized spindle, some valuable conclusions have been drawn to predict the future research and development of high-speed motorized spindle. Methods: By analyzing the characteristics of high-speed motorized spindle structure, the influence of high-speed motorized spindle on high-speed machining technology was explicated. Combining with the key technology of high-speed motorized spindle, the patents related to high-speed motorized spindle structure were used for investigation. Results: With the rapid development of high-speed cutting and numerical control technology and the need of practical application, the requirement for high-speed spindle performance has increased. Motorized spindle technology has the characteristics of high speed, high strength, high power, high torque and low speed, high precision, high reliability and long life, offering diversified bearing and lubrication cooling methods and serving as an intelligent system. Conclusion: The different levels of improvement and renovation of the structure with high-speed motorized spindle, by adding lubrication and cooling device to the spindle have improve the performance of spindle, addressing the loopholes in the technology and making it more practical.

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