Technical Basis for Evaluation of US DOT Seamless Pressure Vessels With Defects on Threaded Neck Used for Structural Support

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra D. Rana ◽  
David Treadwell ◽  
Srikanth Ramachandran ◽  
Abani K. Khanal
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Structural Support ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Technical Basis

Seamless pressure vessels (tubes) are designed per Department of Transportation (DOT) Specification 3AAX or 3 T. These tubes are used in over- the-road transport of high pressure gases. In tube trailer, these tubes are supported at ends from outside threaded necks. This paper describes the technical basis which was used in developing CGA C-23 document, which provides guideline on inspection and evaluation of tubes neck mounting surfaces. API-579/ASME FFS-1 standard and test data were used in developing the guideline for acceptance rejection criteria of the tube neck containing local thin areas and thread wear, respectively.

The Applicability of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XII, Transport Tanks, for Use in U.S. Federal Maritime Regulations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Selz ◽  
Daniel R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
The Us ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Marine Applications

Developed at the request of the US Department of Transportation, Section XII-Transport Tanks, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code addresses rules for the construction and continued service of pressure vessels for the transportation of dangerous goods by road, air, rail, or water. The standard is intended to replace most of the vessel design rules and be referenced in the federal hazardous material regulations, Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). While the majority of the current rules focus on over-the-road transport, there are rules for portable tanks which can be used in marine applications for the transport of liquefied gases, and for ton tanks used for rail and barge shipping of chlorine and other compressed gases. Rules for non-cryogenic portable tanks are currently provided in Section VIII, Division 2, but will be moved into Section XII. These portable tank requirements should also replace the existing references to the outmoded 1989 edition of ASME Section VIII, Division 1 cited in Title 46 of the CFR. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals Development of ASME Section X Code Rules for High Pressure Composite Hydrogen Pressure Vessels With Nonload Sharing Liners

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Newhouse ◽  
George B. Rawls ◽  
Mahendra D. Rana ◽  
Bernard F. Shelley ◽  
Michael R. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
Emission Testing ◽  
Design Qualification ◽  
Acoustic Emission Testing ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Vessel ◽  
Technical Basis

The purpose of this paper is to document the development of ASME Section X Code rules for high pressure vessels for containing hydrogen and to provide a technical basis of their content. The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Project Team on Hydrogen Tanks was formed in 2004 to develop Code rules to address the various needs that had been identified for the design and construction of up to 15,000 psi hydrogen storage vessel. One of these needs was the development of Code rules for high pressure composite vessels with nonload sharing liners for stationary applications. In 2009, ASME approved new Appendix 8, for Section X Code which contains the rules for these vessels. These vessels are designated as Class III vessels with design pressure ranging from 21 MPa (3000 psi) to 105 MPa (15,000 psi) and maximum allowable outside liner diameter of 2.54 m (100 in.). The maximum design life of these vessels is limited to 20 years. Design, fabrication, and examination requirements have been specified, including Acoustic Emission testing at the time of manufacture. The Code rules include the design qualification testing of prototype vessels. Qualification includes proof, expansion, burst, cyclic fatigue, creep, flaw, permeability, torque, penetration, and environmental testing.

A Tiered Approach to Girth Weld Defect Acceptance Criteria for Stress-Based Design of Pipelines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Yi Wang ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
David Horsley ◽  
Gery Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Plastic Collapse ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Weld Defect ◽  
The Us ◽  
Welding Procedure ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
New Procedures

Alternative girth weld defect acceptance criteria implemented in major international codes and standards vary significantly. The requirements for welding procedure qualification and the allowable defect size are often very different among the codes and standards. The assessment procedures in some of the codes and standards are more adaptive to modern micro-alloyed TMCP steels, while others are much less so as they are empirical correlations of test data available at the time of the standards creation. A major effort funded jointly by the US Department of Transportation and PRCI has produced a comprehensive update to the girth weld defect acceptance criteria. The newly proposed procedures have two options. Option 1 is given in an easy-to-use graphical format. The determination of allowable flaw size is extremely simple. Option 2 provides more flexibility and generally allows larger flaws than Option 1, at the expense of more complex computations. Option 1 also has higher fracture toughness requirements than Option 2, as it is built on the concept of plastic collapse. In comparison to some existing codes and standards, the new procedures (1) provide more consistent level of conservatism, (2) include both plastic collapse and fracture criteria, and (3) give necessary considerations to the most frequently occurring defects in modern pipeline constructions. This paper provides an overview of the technical basis of the new procedures and validation against experimental test data.

Features of spatial shock-wave flows in vapor-gas-liquid mixtures

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
R.Kh. Bolotnova ◽  
U.O. Agisheva ◽  
V.A. Buzina
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Nonstationary Processes ◽  
Two Phase

The two-phase model of vapor-gas-liquid medium in axisymmetric two-dimensional formulation, taking into account vaporization is constructed. The nonstationary processes of boiling vapor-water mixture outflow from high-pressure vessels as a result of depressurization are studied. The problems of shock waves action on filled by gas-liquid mixture volumes are solved.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Model with Which to Safely Optimize the Configuration of Hydraulic Suspension of Modular Trailers in Special Road Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Rubén Escribano-García ◽  
Marina Corral-Bobadilla ◽  
Fátima Somovilla-Gómez ◽  
Rubén Lostado-Lorza ◽  
Ash Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Automatic Testing ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
On The Road

The dimensions and weight of machines, structures, and components that need to be transported safely by road are growing constantly. One of the safest and most widely used transport systems on the road today due to their versatility and configuration are modular trailers. These trailers have hydraulic pendulum axles that are that are attached in pairs to the rigid platform above. In turn, these modular trailers are subject to limitations on the load that each axle carries, the tipping angle, and the oil pressure of the suspension system in order to guarantee safe transport by road. Optimizing the configuration of these modular trailers accurately and safely is a complex task. Factors to be considered include the load’s characteristics, the trailer’s mechanical properties, and road route conditions including the road’s slope and camber, precipitation and direction, and force of the wind. This paper presents a theoretical model that can be used for the optimal configuration of hydraulic cylinder suspension of special transport by road using modular trailers. It considers the previously mentioned factors and guarantees the safe stability of road transport. The proposed model was validated experimentally by placing a nacelle wind turbine at different points within a modular trailer. The weight of the wind turbine was 42,500 kg and its dimensions were 5133 × 2650 × 2975 mm. Once the proposed model was validated, an optimization algorithm was employed to find the optimal center of gravity for load, number of trailers, number of axles, oil pressures, and hydraulic configuration. The optimization algorithm was based on the iterative and automatic testing of the proposed model for different positions on the trailer and different hydraulic configurations. The optimization algorithm was tested with a cylindrical tank that weighed 108,500 kg and had dimensions of 19,500 × 3200 × 2500 mm. The results showed that the proposed model and optimization algorithm could safely optimize the configuration of the hydraulic suspension of modular trailers in special road transport, increase the accuracy and reliability of the calculation of the load configuration, save time, simplify the calculation process, and be easily implemented.

scholarly journals Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Tor-Olav Nævestad ◽  
Beate Elvebakk ◽  
Karen Ranestad
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
The Road ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Framework Conditions

About 36% of fatal road accidents in Norway involve at least one driver who is “at work”. It has been argued that the implementation of rules clearly defining the responsibility of road transport companies to prevent work related accidents, by implementing safety management systems (SMS), could lead to increased safety. In the present study we tested the validity of this suggestion, by examining the influence of different sector rules on work-related accident prevention in Norwegian road and maritime transport. In contrast to the road sector, the maritime sector has had rules requiring SMS for over 20 years, clearly defining the shipping companies responsibility for prevention of work-related accidents. The aims of the study were to: (1) examine how the different sector rules influence perceptions of whether the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents is clearly defined in each sector; and (2) compare respondents’ perceptions of the quality of their sectors’ efforts to prevent work-related accidents, and factors influencing this. The study was based on a small-scale survey (N = 112) and qualitative interviews with sector experts (N = 17) from companies, authorities, and NGOs in the road and the maritime sectors. Results indicate that respondents in the maritime sector perceive the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents as far more clearly defined, and they rate their sector’s efforts to prevent accidents as higher than respondents in road. Multivariate analyses indicate that this is related to the scope of safety regulations in the sectors studied, controlled for several important framework conditions. Based on the results, we conclude that the implementation of SMS rules focused on transport companies’ responsibility to prevent work-related accidents could improve safety in the road sector. However, due to barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, we suggest starting with a simplified version of SMS.

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