Beneficial Interface Geometry for Laser Joining of NiTi to Stainless Steel Wires

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Brandal ◽  
Gen Satoh ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao ◽  
Syed Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Shear Stress Component ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Metal Pair ◽  
Cone Apex ◽  
Interface Geometry

Joining the dissimilar metal pair of NiTi to stainless steel is of great interest for implantable medical applications. Formation of brittle intermetallic phases requires that the joining processes used for this dissimilar pair limits the amount of over-melting and mixing along the interface. Thus, because of its ability to precisely control heat input, laser joining is a preferred method. This study explores a method of using a cup and cone interfacial geometry, with no filler material, to increase the tensile strength of the joint. Not only does the cup and cone geometry increase the surface area of the interface, but it also introduces a shear stress component, which is shown to be beneficial to tensile strength of the wire as well. The fracture strength for various cone apex angles and laser powers is determined. Compositional profiles of the interfaces are analyzed. A numerical model is used for explanation of the processing parameters.

scholarly journals Effects of Interfacial Geometry on Laser Joining of Dissimilar NiTi to Stainless Steel Wires

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant B. Brandal ◽  
Gen Satoh ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao ◽  
Syed Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Dissimilar Metal ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Shear Component ◽  
Metal Pair ◽  
Cone Apex

Joining of the dissimilar metal pair NiTi to stainless steel is of great interest for implantable biomedical applications. Formation of brittle intermetallic phases requires that the joining processes limit the amount of over-melting and mixing along the interface. Thus, laser joining is a preferred method due to its ability to precisely control heat input. This study explores a method of using a cup and cone interfacial geometry, with no filler material, to increase the tensile strength of the joint. Not only does the cup and cone geometry increase the surface area of the interface, but it also introduces a shear component, which is shown to be beneficial to tensile strength of the wire as well. The fracture strength for various cone apex angles and laser powers is determined. Compositional profiles of the interfaces are analyzed. A numerical model is used for explanation of the processing.

scholarly journals Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Steel using Data Science Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Ensemble Methods ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Engineering Applications

Stainless steel is most extensively utilized material in all engineering applications, house hold products, constructions, because it is environment friendly and can be recycled. The principal purpose of this paper is to implement different data science algorithms for predicting stainless steel mechanical properties. Integrating Data science techniques in material science and engineering helps manufacturers, designers, researchers and students in understanding the selection, discovery and development of materials used for various engineering applications. Data science algorithms help to find out the properties of the material without performing any experiments. The Data Science techniques such as Random Forest, Neural Network, Linear regression, K- Nearest Neighbor, Support vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Ensemble methods are used for predicting Tensile Strength by specifying processing parameters of stainless steel like carbon content, sectional size, temperature, manufacturing process. The research here is developed as part of AICTE grant sanctioned under RPS scheme [19] and it aims to implement different data science algorithms for predicting Tensile strength of steel and identifying the algorithm with decent prediction accuracy.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Tensile Strength of Stainless Steel Wires Micro Spot Melted by YAG Laser

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 3083-3087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Uenishi ◽  
Masanori Seki ◽  
Masaya Takatsugu ◽  
Takeshi Kunimasa ◽  
Kojiro F. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Steel Wires

Off-axis tensile strength and evaluation of the in-plane shear strength of paper

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yoshihara ◽  
Masahiro Yoshinobu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Shear Stress Component ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Paper Filter ◽  
Failure Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The off-axis tensile strength (OATS) of copy paper, filter paper, and sack paper was obtained from dog-bone specimens. The relationship between OATS and the off-axis angle (OAA) was predicted under several failure conditions. Additionally, the shear strengths (SS) of these papers were evaluated based on the results of OAT tests. The OATS could be accurately predicted under several Hill-type failure conditions. An equation for deriving the in-plane SS of these papers was proposed based on the tensile strength of the specimen with a 35° OAA, in which the contribution of the shear stress component was maximum.

Properties of Three Commercial Orthodontic Round Stainless Steel Wire

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Nathaphon Tangit ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Peerapong Tua-Ngam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Bending Force ◽  
Steel Wires

Objective: This study aimed to determine and compare the diameter, mechanical properties (tensile strength: flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity, 0.2% yield strength and springback: three point bending test: bending stiffness and 0.1mm. offset bending force) and chemical properties (composition and corrosion resistance) of three commercial orthodontic round stainless steel wires. Materials and Method: The samples of this study are three commercial brands of orthodontic round stainless steel wires, Highland (USA), Dentaurum (Germany) and W&H (China), 0.016 inch and 0.018 inch in size. The diameter was measured by micrometer and the mechanical properties were analyzed with tensile strength and three point bending test by Universal Testing Machine according to ISO 15841:2006. The composition was evaluated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and the corrosion resistance was analyzed by a potentiodynamic polarization technique according to ISO 10271:2001. The data were analyzed with the Kolmoforov-Smith test, One-way ANOVA and Tukeys test. Results: There were significant differences (p<0.05) in diameter of the three commercial brands of orthodontic round stainless steel wires in both size except 0.016 in diameter between Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel wire. In terms of tensile strength, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity and springback in each variable, except W&H stainless steel wire with flexural strength in 0.016 and 0.018 wire size and springback in 0.018 wire size. However, in 0.2% yield strength, there was no significant difference in each brand and size except Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel in 0.018 wire size. For the three point bending test, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in bending stiffness and 0.1mm. offset bending force of each brand and size except 0.1mm. offset bending force between Dentaurum and Highland stainless steel in 0.016 wire size. In terms of chemical properties, there were the same elements but difference was found in percentage of each element, and W&H stainless steel had the least corrosion resistance. Conclusion: There were significant differences among three commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires in diameters, mechanical properties and chemical properties which will produce different force on each wire during tooth movement. All three brands, however, are acceptable for orthodontic use. The orthodontist should be aware of these differences in using stainless steel for orthodontic treatment.

Biocompatibility and Corrosion Response of Laser Joined NiTi to Stainless Steel Wires

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Brandal ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao ◽  
Syed Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Nickel Release ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Nickel Release Rate ◽  
Niti Wires ◽  
Joining Process

The biocompatibility of nickel titanium (NiTi) wires joined to stainless steel (SS) wires via laser autogenous brazing has been evaluated. The laser joining process is designed to limit the amount of mixing of the materials, thus preventing the formation of brittle intermetallic phases. This process has the potential for manufacturing implantable medical devices; therefore, the biocompatibility must be determined. Laser joined samples underwent nickel release rate, polarization, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity testing. Competing effects regarding grain refinement and galvanic effects were found to influence the corrosion response. After 15 days of exposure to a simulated body fluid, the total nickel released is less than 2 ug/cm2. Numerical modeling of the corrosion currents along the wires, by making use of polarization data, helped to explain these results. Microbiological testing found a maximum hemolytic index of 1.8, while cytotoxicity tests found a zero toxicity grade. All of these results indicate that the autogenous laser brazing process results in joints with good biocompatibility.

Mechanical Evaluation of the Production of Bamboo Charcoal/ Stainless Steel Complex Yarns and Knitted Fabrics

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1786-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Pang Chen ◽  
Chin Mei Lin ◽  
Chien Teng Hsieh ◽  
Yi Chang Yang ◽  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tensile Strength Test ◽  
Steel Wires

In this study, bamboo charcoal/ stainless steel complex yarns was made of stainless steel wires and polyester bamboo charcoal filaments using a rotor twister machine. The stainless steel wires served as the core yarns while the polyester bamboo charcoal filaments served as the wrapped yarns. The speed of rotor twister was set as 7000 to 11000 rpm and wrapped counts were 2 to 7 turns/ cm. Bamboo charcoal/ stainless steel complex yarns were with the tenacity as 3.08 g/d when manufacture parameters were speed of rotor twister as 8000 rpm and wrapped counts as 4.0 turns/ cm; moreover, when speed of rotor twister was at 7000 rpm and wrapped counts was 5.0 turns/cm, bamboo charcoal/ stainless steel complex yarns received the tensile strain as 24.91%. According to tensile strength test for knitted fabrics, when wrapped count was 4 turns/ cm, the knitted fabrics had its tensile strength as 214.49 N, and the vertical tensile strength was higher than the horizontal one. When the wrapped counts of bamboo charcoal/ stainless steel complex yarns was 6 turns/ cm, the knitted fabrics attained its tensile strain at 236.87%.

Drawing and Property of 316L Extra Fine Stainless Steel Wires

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 331-334
Author(s):  
Shi Feng Liu ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Bo Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Austenite Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Steel Processing

The purpose of this paper is to study the compression ratio per pass, drawing rules of three differential commercial 316L stainless steel wires during drawing extra fine stainless steel processing. In addition, the influence of chemical composite on the mechanical property has been discussed as well. The results indicate that the tensile strength of austenite stainless steel wires was increased obviously by multi-passes drawing. The strength-enhancing effect of wire drawing can be substantial.

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Parameters on Laser Direct Joining of CFRTP and Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Sheng ◽  
Junke Jiao ◽  
Beining Du ◽  
Feiya Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Joint Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Joint Quality ◽  
Clamping Pressure

The CFRTP and the stainless steel were joined by the fiber laser, and the effect of processing parameters on the joint quality was investigated in detail. The heat-affected zone on the stainless steel and the microstructure of the joint interface were examined and analyzed. The results showed that the laser joining process refines the microstructure of the fusion and heat-affected zones in the stainless steel. And the tensile strength of the joint was affected greatly by the laser power and scanning speed but slightly by the clamping pressure. With the PPS additive, the joint shear strength could be improved, and the optimal PPS additive thickness is 300 μm. With the best parameters, joint with a shear strength of 15–17 MPa could be obtained as the laser power is 320–350 W, the scanning speed is 4-5 mm/s, the clamping pressure is about 0.5 Mpa, and the additive PPS thickness is about 300 μm.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Mechanical Properties (Tensile strength &Elastic Modulus) of Soldered Straight Stainless Steel Wire

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Wael A Alrazzaq
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Steel Wires

The joining of a metal framework is frequently necessary to create individual orthodontic appliances and to achieve efficient treatment procedures. Stainless steel wires can be fused together by welding but this generally required reinforcement with solder. The present study was conducted to compare and evaluate the mechanical properties ( i.e. the tensile strength and elastic modulus )of silver soldered joints of stainless steel. A total of 40 wire specimens were prepared. The tensile strength and elastic modulus tests were carried out via by universal testing machine. the results indicated that the mean tensile strength of soldered group is lower than that of soldered group. As well, there are highly significant differences between two groups for tensile strength (p<0.01). Furthermore, the soldered group has the highest mean of elastic modulus than that of control group. As well, there are highly significant differences between two groups for elastic modulus (p<0.01). It is concluded that Stainless steel wires (Remanium)have superior mechanical properties with regard to tensile strength and elastic modulus.

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