Multicolor Techniques for Identification and Filtering of Burst Signals in Jet Engine Pyrometers

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Estevadeordal ◽  
Guanghua Wang ◽  
Nirm Nirmalan ◽  
Anquan Wang ◽  
Sean P. Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Signal Output ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Radiant Temperature

A Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)-funded multicolor pyrometry (MCP) experiment was carried out on a government-provided aircraft engine to study the nature of hot particulate bursts generated from the combustor at certain engine conditions. These bursts of hot particulates lead to intermittent high-voltage signal output from the line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer that is ultimately detected and used by the onboard digital engine controller (DEC). The investigation used a high-speed MCP system designed to detect bursts and identify their properties. Results of the radiant temperature, multicolor temperature, and apparent emissivity are presented. The results indicated that the apparent emissivity calculated during the signal burst was lower than that of the blade. The root cause for the signal burst was identified as soot particles generated as a by-product of combustion under certain conditions. This conclusion was drawn based on both experimental and simulation results. Technical strategies to separate, reduce, or remove the burst signal are proposed.

Multi-Color Techniques for Identification and Filtering of Burst Signals in Jet Engine Pyrometers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Estevadeordal ◽  
Guanghua Wang ◽  
Nirm Nirmalan ◽  
Sean P. Harper ◽  
Anquan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Signal Output ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Radiant Temperature

A DARPA funded Multi-color Pyrometry (MCP) experiment was carried out on a government provided aircraft engine to study the nature of hot particulate bursts generated from the combustor at certain engine conditions. These bursts of hot particulates lead to intermittent high-voltage signal output from the line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer which is ultimately detected and used by the onboard digital engine controller (DEC). The investigation used a high-speed MCP system designed to detect bursts and identify their properties. Results of the radiant temperature, multi-color temperature and apparent emissivity are presented. The results indicated that the apparent emissivity calculated during the signal burst was lower than that of the blade. The root cause for the signal burst was identified as soot particles generated as by-product of combustion under certain conditions. This conclusion was drawn based on both experimental and simulation results. Technical strategies to separate, reduce or remove the burst signal are proposed.

Real-Time Multi-Color Techniques for Identification and Filtering of Burst Signals in Jet Engine Pyrometers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghua Wang ◽  
Jordi Estevadeordal ◽  
Nirm Nirmalan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Simulink Model ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Temperature Signal ◽  
Reliable Temperature ◽  
Radiant Temperature

A Multi-color Pyrometry (MCP) experiment was carried out on a aircraft engine to study the nature of hot particulate bursts generated from the combustor at certain engine conditions. These bursts of hot particulates lead to intermittent high-voltage signal output from the line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer which is ultimately detected and used by the onboard Digital Engine Controller (DEC). The investigation used a high-speed MCP system designed to detect bursts and identify their properties. Results of the radiant temperature, multi-color temperature and apparent emissivity are presented. The results indicated that the apparent emissivity calculated during the signal burst was lower than that of the blade. The root cause for the signal burst was identified as soot particles generated as by-product of combustion under certain conditions. A digital filter technique is developed to send reliable temperature signal to DEC for robust engine control even under the engine bursting conditions. Simulink model is used to simulate the performances of the design and showed great promise for engine control.

Real-Time Burst Signal Removal Using Multicolor Pyrometry Based Filter for Improved Jet Engine Control

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghua Wang ◽  
Jordi Estevadeordal ◽  
Nirm Nirmalan ◽  
Sean P. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
And Control

Online line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer is used on certain jet engines for diagnosis and control functions such as hot-blade detection, high-temperature limiting, and condition-based monitoring. Hot particulate bursts generated from jet engine combustor at certain running conditions lead to intermittent high-voltage signal outputs from the LOS pyrometer which is ultimately used by the onboard digital engine controller (DEC). To study the nature of hot particulates and enable LOS pyrometer functioning under burst conditions, a multicolor pyrometry (MCP) system was developed under DARPA funded program and tested on an aircraft jet engine. Soot particles generated as byproduct of combustion under certain conditions was identified as the root cause for the signal burst in a previous study. The apparent emissivity was then used to remove burst signals. In current study, the physics based filter with MCP algorithm using apparent emissivity was further extended to real-time engine control by removing burst signals at real time (1 MHz) and at engine DEC data rate. Simulink models are used to simulate the performances of the filter designs under engine normal and burst conditions. The results are compared with current LOS pyrometer results and show great advantage. The proposed model enables new LOS pyrometer design for improved engine control over wide range of operating conditions.

MODERN AIRCRAFT ENGINE IS RELIABLE OR NOT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Николаевич Никифоров ◽  
Татьяна Петровна Никифорова
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Jet Engine

В работе с использованием открытых источников информации проведен обзор авиапроисшествий, связанных с отрывом в турбовентиляторном реактивном двигателе (ТВРД) лопатки(ок) или рабочего колеса. Констатируются факты внезапного разрушения высокоскоростных роторов вентилятора, компрессоров и турбин низкого/высокого давления. The work reviews air accidents associated with the separation of blade(s) or impeller in the turbofan jet engine. Open sources of information are used. The facts on suddenly failures for high-speed rotors of fan, low/high pressure compressors and turbines are ascertained.

Real-Time Burst Signal Removal Using Multi-Color Pyrometry Based Filter for Improved Jet Engine Control

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghua Wang ◽  
Jordi Estevadeordal ◽  
Sean P. Harper ◽  
Nirm Nirmalan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
And Control

Online line-of-sight (LOS) pyrometer is used on certain jet engines for diagnosis and control functions such as hot-blade detection, high-temperature limiting, and condition-based monitoring. Hot particulate bursts generated from jet engine combustor at certain running conditions lead to intermittent high-voltage signal outputs from the LOS pyrometer which is ultimately used by the onboard Digital Engine Controller (DEC). To study the nature of hot particulates and enable LOS pyrometer functioning under burst conditions, a Multi-Color Pyrometry (MCP) system was developed under DARPA funded program and tested on an aircraft jet engine. Soot particles generated as by-product of combustion under certain conditions was identified as the root cause for the signal burst in a previous study. The apparent emissivity was then used to remove burst signals. In current study, the physics based filter with MCP algorithm using apparent emissivity was further extended to real-time engine control by removing burst signals at real time (1MHz) and at engine DEC data rate. Simulink models are used to simulate the performances of the filter designs under engine normal and burst conditions. The results are compared with current LOS pyrometer results and show great advantage. The proposed model enables new LOS pyrometer design for improved engine control over wide range of operating conditions.

scholarly journals Stability and Manoeuvrability Simulation of a Semi-Autonomous Submarine Free-Running Model SUBOFF with an Autopilot System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsien Lin ◽  
Yu-Ting Lin ◽  
Yen-Jun Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Pd Controller ◽  
Free Running ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Guidance Algorithm ◽  
Logic Operations ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom

On the basis of a full-appendage DARPA SUBOFF model (DTRC model 5470), a scale (λ = 0.535) semi-autonomous submarine free-running model (SFRM) was designed for testing its manoeuvrability and stability in the constrained water. Prior to the experimental tests of the SFRM, a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) manoeuvre model with an autopilot system was developed by using logic operations in MATLAB. The SFRM’s attitude and its trim polygon were presented by coping with the changes in mass and trimming moment. By adopting a series of manoeuvring tests in empty tanks, the performances of the SFRM were introduced in cases of three sailing speeds. In addition, the PD controller was established by considering the simulation results of these manoeuvring tests. The optimal control gains with respect to each manoeuvring test can be calculated by using the PID tuner in MATLAB. Two sets of control gains derived from the optimal characteristics parameters were compared in order to decide on the most appropriate PD controller with the line-of-sight (LOS) guidance algorithm for the SFRM in the autopilot simulation. Eventually, the simulated trajectories and course angles of the SFRM would be illustrated in the post-processor based on the Cinema 4D modelling.

scholarly journals Verification of electric steel punching simulation results using microhardness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampsa Vili Antero Laakso ◽  
Ugur Aydin ◽  
Peter Krajnik
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Electrical Steel ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Fem Simulations ◽  
Iron Losses ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Electrical Steel Sheet

AbstractOne of the most dominant manufacturing methods in the production of electromechanical devices from sheet metal is punching. In punching, the material undergoes plastic deformation and finally fracture. Punching of an electrical steel sheet causes plastic deformation on the edges of the part, which affects the magnetic properties of the material, i.e., increases iron losses in the material, which in turn has a negative effect on the performance of the electromagnetic devices in the final product. Therefore, punching-induced iron losses decrease the energy efficiency of the device. FEM simulations of punching have shown significantly increased plastic deformation on the workpiece edges with increasing tool wear. In order to identify the critical tool wear, after which the iron losses have increased beyond acceptable limits, the simulation results must be verified with experimental methods. The acceptable limits are pushed further in the standards by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The new standard (IEC TS 60034-30-2:2016) has much stricter limits regarding the energy efficiency of electromechanical machines, with an IE5 class efficiency that exceeds the previous IE4 class (IEC 60034-30-1:2014) requirements by 30%. The simulations are done using Scientific Forming Technologies Corporation Deform, a finite element software for material processing simulations. The electrical steel used is M400-50A, and the tool material is Vanadis 23, a powder-based high-speed steel. Vanadis 23 is a high alloyed powder metallurgical high-speed steel with a high abrasive wear resistance and a high compressive strength. It is suitable for cold work processing like punching. In the existing literature, FEM simulations and experimental methods have been incorporated for investigating the edge deformation properties of sheared surfaces, but there is a research gap in verifying the simulation results with the experimental methods. In this paper, FEM simulation of the punching process is verified using an electrical steel sheet from real production environment and measuring the deformation of the edges using microhardness measurements. The simulations show high plastic deformation 50 μm into the workpiece edge, a result that is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results.

A Comparison of Rule-Based and Machine Learning Models for Classification of Human Factors Aviation Safety Event Reports

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Katherine Darveau ◽  
Daniel Hannon ◽  
Chad Foster
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Safety Event

There is growing interest in the study and practice of applying data science (DS) and machine learning (ML) to automate decision making in safety-critical industries. As an alternative or augmentation to human review, there are opportunities to explore these methods for classifying aviation operational events by root cause. This study seeks to apply a thoughtful approach to design, compare, and combine rule-based and ML techniques to classify events caused by human error in aircraft/engine assembly, maintenance or operation. Event reports contain a combination of continuous parameters, unstructured text entries, and categorical selections. A Human Factors approach to classifier development prioritizes the evaluation of distinct data features and entry methods to improve modeling. Findings, including the performance of tested models, led to recommendations for the design of textual data collection systems and classification approaches.

A Dicode Signaling Scheme for Capacitively Coupled Interface

2011 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 296-305
Author(s):  
Yasushi Yuminaka ◽  
Kyohei Kawano
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Frequency Bandwidth ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
Limited Frequency ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Response Coding ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we present a bandwidth-efficient partial-response signaling scheme for capacitivelycoupled chip-to-chip data transmission to increase data rate. Partial-response coding is knownas a technique that allows high-speed transmission while using a limited frequency bandwidth, by allowingcontrolled intersymbol interference (ISI). Analysis and circuit simulation results are presentedto show the impact of duobinary (1+D) and dicode (1-D) partial-response signaling for capacitivelycoupled interface.

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