Investigation of a Nickel-Aluminum Reactive Shaped Charge Liner

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Church ◽  
R. Claridge ◽  
P. Ottley ◽  
I. Lewtas ◽  
N. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
High Rate ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Dendritic Microstructure ◽  
Reactive Powder ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

A nickel/aluminum (NiAl) reactive powder system has been investigated to determine its mechanical properties under quasi-static and high rate compression to understand its deformation behavior. A shock recovery system has been used to define shock reaction thresholds under a triaxial loading system. Two nickel/aluminum (NiAl) shaped charge liners have been fired into loose kiln dried sand to determine whether the jet material reacts during the formation process. A simple press tool was developed to press the liners from a powder mixture of nickel and aluminum powder and a simple conical design was used for the liner. The shaped charge jet particles were recovered successfully in the sand and subjected to a detailed microstructural analysis. This included X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical and electron microscopy on selected particles. The analysis demonstrated that intermetallic NiAl was detected and all the aluminum was consumed in the particles examined. In addition, different phases of NiAl were detected as well as silicon oxide in the target material. There was also some evidence that the aluminum had melted along with evidence of a dendritic microstructure. This is the clearest evidence that the shaped charge jet material has reacted during the formation process. Simulations have been performed using the GRIM Eulerian hydrocode to compare with flash X-rays of the jet.

A semi-empirical study of penetration of shaped charge jet into high and ultra-high strength reactive powder concrete targets

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622095249
Author(s):  
Qifeng Zhu ◽  
Zhengxiang Huang ◽  
Qiangqiang Xiao ◽  
Xudong Zu ◽  
Xin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Cavity Growth ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Reactive Powder Concrete ◽  
Jet Velocity ◽  
Reactive Powder ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

In this study, a semi-empirical model was proposed to calculate the penetration depth and cavity diameters generated by shaped charge jet into high and ultra-high strength concrete (H&UHSC) targets. A recently proposed axial penetration equation and the two-step mechanism of cavity growth were employed to determine the analysis. The predictions were validated with reference to the experiments conducted using a kind of H&UHSC named reactive powder concrete (RPC). Furthermore, the influences of the RPC compressive strength and the jet velocity on the penetration were analyzed. The results showed that the RPC targets had good protection efficiency for both penetration depth and cavity diameters as the compressive strength approaches approximately 250∼280MPa. Moreover, the radial cavity growth efficiency increased linearly with the increase of the jet velocity, while the axial penetration efficiency increased rapidly when the jet velocity was 1.0∼4.0km/s and reached the maximum at 4.0∼7.0km/s and tended to be stable as the jet velocity increased to greater than about 7.0km/s.

scholarly journals Kinematics of the shaped charge jet formation process

2020 ◽  
Vol 1666 ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
E M Grif ◽  
A V Guskov ◽  
K E Milevskii
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet

scholarly journals Elastic–plastic modelling of shaped charge jet penetration

2006 ◽  
Vol 462 (2076) ◽  
pp. 3663-3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Novokshanov ◽  
John Ockendon
Keyword(s):  
Free Boundary ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
The Self ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Metal Target ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
Self Consistency ◽  
Penetration Velocity

This paper concerns the mathematical modelling of high-rate penetration of a metal target by a shaped charge device that produces a high-velocity jet. A key objective is to predict the penetration velocity, be it subsonic, transonic or supersonic. We do this by considering, on the local scale near the tip of the penetrated cavity, an elastic–plastic free boundary problem that takes into account the residual stresses produced by the moving plasticized region of the target. It is the self-consistency of this elastic–plastic model that dictates predictions for the penetration velocity.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Small Shaped Charge Jet Threats

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Arthur DANIELS ◽  
Stan DEFISHER ◽  
Greg STUNZENAS ◽  
Nausheen AL-SHEHAB ◽  
Ernest L. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Shaped Charge ◽  
International Standards ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Continuum Models ◽  
Severe Reaction ◽  
Explosive Charges ◽  
Shaped Charge Jet ◽  
Aluminium Target

Because of their prolific nature on the battlefield, rocket propelled and gun-launched grenades are of particular concern to the soldier, particularly because of the severe reaction that occurs when a munition is hit by the shaped charge jet. As a result of the danger that such a detonation poses, it is necessary to more precisely understand the behaviour of munitions subjected to these types of devices. In response to these threats, standardized 81 mm and 40 mm shaped charge warheads were developed for use during threat assessment testing to act as a consistent, lower-cost representative of shaped charge projectiles commonly encountered on the battlefield, and to help quantify the interaction of these jest with explosive charges. The international standards for shaped charge jet threat testing uses the Held initiation criteria V2D, where V is the jet velocity and D is the diameter. V2D was computationally predicted using the high-rate continuum models CALE and ALE-3D. The surrogate warheads were test fired through aluminium target plates to strip off jet mass to adjust the V2D to the threat munition.

scholarly journals Structural and Electrical Properties of Copper-Nickel-Aluminum Alloys Obtained by Conventional Powder Metallurgy Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Alfredo Monteiro ◽  
Juan Alfredo Guevara Carrió ◽  
C.R. Da Silveira ◽  
E. Vitor ◽  
S.J. Buso
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sintered Density ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Method ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties

This work looked for to search out systematically, in scale of laboratory, copper-nickel-aluminum alloys (Cu-Ni-Al) with conventional powder metallurgy processing, in view of the maintenance of the electric and mechanical properties with the intention of getting electric connectors of high performance or high mechanical damping. After cold uniaxial pressing (1000 kPa), sintering (780oC) and suitable homogenization treatments (500oC for different times) under vacuum (powder metallurgy), the obtained Cu-Ni-Al alloys were characterized by optical microscopy, electrical conductivity, Vickers hardness. X rays powder diffraction data were collected for the sintered samples in order to a structural and microstructural analysis. The comparative analysis is based on the sintered density, hardness, macrostructures and microstructures of the samples.

Contribution of x-ray total reflection to the background intensity in EPMA

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Werner P. Rehbach ◽  
Peter Karduck
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Number ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Background Intensity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Characteristic Radiation ◽  
X Ray

In the EPMA of soft x rays anomalies in the background are found for several elements. In the literature extremely high backgrounds in the region of the OKα line are reported for C, Al, Si, Mo, and Zr. We found the same effect also for Boron (Fig. 1). For small glancing angles θ, the background measured using a LdSte crystal is significantly higher for B compared with BN and C, although the latter are of higher atomic number. It would be expected, that , characteristic radiation missing, the background IB (bremsstrahlung) is proportional Zn by variation of the atomic number of the target material. According to Kramers n has the value of unity, whereas Rao-Sahib and Wittry proposed values between 1.12 and 1.38 , depending on Z, E and Eo. In all cases IB should increase with increasing atomic number Z. The measured values are in discrepancy with the expected ones.

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