Binary and Ternary Nitrate Solar Heat Transfer Fluids

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Coscia ◽  
Tucker Elliott ◽  
Satish Mohapatra ◽  
Alparslan Oztekin ◽  
Sudhakar Neti
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Wide Range

Current heat transfer fluids for concentrated solar power applications are limited by their high temperature stability. Other fluids that are capable of operating at high temperatures have very high melting points. The present work is aimed at characterizing potential solar heat transfer fluid candidates that are likely to be thermally stable (up to 500 °C) with a lower melting point (∼100 °C). Binary and ternary mixtures of nitrates have the potential for being such heat transfer fluids. To characterize such eutectic media, both experimental measurements and analytical methods resulting in phase diagrams and other properties of the fluids are essential. Solidus and liquidus data have been determined using a differential scanning calorimeter over the range the compositions for each salt system and mathematical models have been derived using Gibbs Energy minimization. The Gibbs models presented in this paper sufficiently fit the experimental results as well as providing accurate predictions of the eutectic compositions and temperatures for each system. The methods developed here are expected to have broader implications in the identification of optimizing new heat transfer fluids for a wide range of applications, including solar thermal power systems.

Coupled Experimental Study and Thermodynamic Modeling of Melting Point and Thermal Stability of Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3 Based Salts

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin Chen ◽  
Ty Tran ◽  
Rene Olivares ◽  
Steven Wright ◽  
Shouyi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Storage Media

Nitrate based salts have application as a heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage media in solar field installations and are normally used from 200 °C up to maximum temperatures of ∼550 °C. Molten K2CO3-Na2CO3-Li2CO3 could potentially be used as heat transfer fluid and thermal energy storage media to replace nitrate salts due to its wider temperature operating window (400–900 °C), which improves the heat transfer efficiency. There will be improved operability and the process will be more economical viable if the lower temperature at which carbonate salts can operate could be decreased. This paper explores the melting point and high temperature stability of K2CO3-Na2CO3-Li2CO3 based salt mixtures, the effect of atmosphere and the effect of additives to the melt using experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling.

Research and Application of Heat Transfer Fluids in Solar Thermal Power

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Min Cheng ◽  
Chuang Zhu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Xian Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Liquid Alloy ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Storage

mproving the thermophysical properties of heat transfer fluid is always a research hotspot and difficult subject in the application of solar energy for medium and high temperature. The research and application of these heat transfer fluid, including steam, heat transfer oil, molten salt, air, liquid alloy and nanofluids, were summarized in this paper. After comparing their characteristics, it is found that molten salt, air and liquid alloy have greater application and development prospects. Future research directions include extending the temperature span of operating condition, enhancing the efficiency of heat transfer and storage, lengthening service life and finding out the correlation between microstructure and related performance.

Doping Solar Field Heat Transfer Fluid With Nano–Particles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abutayeh ◽  
Yacine Addad ◽  
Anas Alazzam
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Nano Particle ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Different Seasons

A previously–developed model of a concentrating solar power plant has been modified to accommodate doping the heat transfer fluid with nano–particles. The model with its unalloyed heat transfer fluid has been validated with actual operating data beforehand. The thermo–physical properties of the heat transfer fluid were modified to account for the nano–particle doping. The nano–particle content in the heat transfer fluid was then varied to evaluate its influence on solar power generation. The model was run to simulate plant operation on four different days representing the four different seasons. As the nano–particle concentration was increased, heat losses were slightly reduced, transient warm up heat was increased, transient cool down heat was reduced, and the overall impact on power generation was trivial. Doping heat transfer fluids with nano–particles does not seem promising for solar thermal power generation from a performance perspective. Moreover, doping heat transfer fluids with nano–particles involves many other operational challenges such as sedimentation and abrasion.

scholarly journals Progress and perspectives in dielectric energy storage ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-703
Author(s):  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Xiaojun Zeng ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Zong-Yang Shen ◽  
Hua Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Pulse Power ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Dielectric Ceramic ◽  
Microstructural Design ◽  
Pulse Power Systems ◽  
Fatigue Endurance

AbstractDielectric ceramic capacitors, with the advantages of high power density, fast charge-discharge capability, excellent fatigue endurance, and good high temperature stability, have been acknowledged to be promising candidates for solid-state pulse power systems. This review investigates the energy storage performances of linear dielectric, relaxor ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric from the viewpoint of chemical modification, macro/microstructural design, and electrical property optimization. Research progress of ceramic bulks and films for Pb-based and/or Pb-free systems is summarized. Finally, we propose the perspectives on the development of energy storage ceramics for pulse power capacitors in the future.

New Thermal Energy Storage Materials From Industrial Wastes: Compatibility of Steel Slag With the Most Common Heat Transfer Fluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iñigo Ortega-Fernández ◽  
Javier Rodríguez-Aseguinolaza ◽  
Antoni Gil ◽  
Abdessamad Faik ◽  
Bruno D’Aguanno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Wide Range

Slag is one of the main waste materials of the iron and steel manufacturing. Every year about 20 × 106 tons of slag are generated in the U.S. and 43.5 × 106 tons in Europe. The valorization of this by-product as heat storage material in thermal energy storage (TES) systems has numerous advantages which include the possibility to extend the working temperature range up to 1000 °C, the reduction of the system cost, and at the same time, the decrease of the quantity of waste in the iron and steel industry. In this paper, two different electric arc furnace (EAF) slags from two companies located in the Basque Country (Spain) are studied. Their thermal stability and compatibility in direct contact with the most common heat transfer fluids (HTFs) used in the concentrated solar power (CSP) plants are analyzed. The experiments have been designed in order to cover a wide range of temperature up to the maximum operation temperature of 1000 °C corresponding to the future generation of CSP plants. In particular, three different fluids have been studied: synthetic oil (Syltherm 800®) at 400 °C, molten salt (Solar Salt) at 500 °C, and air at 1000 °C. In addition, a complete characterization of the studied slags and fluids used in the experiments is presented showing the behavior of these materials after 500 hr laboratory-tests.

Central Receiver System Solar Power Plant Using Molten Salt as Heat Transfer Fluid

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ignacio Ortega ◽  
J. Ignacio Burgaleta ◽  
Félix M. Téllez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Solar Thermal Power ◽  
Central Receiver ◽  
Spanish Legislation ◽  
Solar Thermal Power Generation

Of all the technologies being developed for solar thermal power generation, central receiver systems (CRSs) are able to work at the highest temperatures and to achieve higher efficiencies in electricity production. The combination of this concept and the choice of molten salts as the heat transfer fluid, in both the receiver and heat storage, enables solar collection to be decoupled from electricity generation better than water∕steam systems, yielding high capacity factors with solar-only or low hybridization ratios. These advantages, along with the benefits of Spanish legislation on solar energy, moved SENER to promote the 17MWe Solar TRES plant. It will be the first commercial CRS plant with molten-salt storage and will help consolidate this technology for future higher-capacity plants. This paper describes the basic concept developed in this demonstration project, reviewing the experience accumulated in the previous Solar TWO project, and present design innovations, as a consequence of the development work performed by SENER and CIEMAT and of the technical conditions imposed by Spanish legislation on solar thermal power generation.

A Brief Review on Thermal Behaviour of PANI as Additive in Heat Transfer Fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.N. Sofiah ◽  
◽  
M. Samykano ◽  
S. Shahabuddin ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Corrosion Property ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids

Since a decade ago, investigation on nanofluids has grown significantly owing to its enhanced thermal properties compared to conventional heat transfer fluids. This engineered nanofluid has been widely used in the thermal engineering system to improve their energy consumption by improving the thermal efficiency of the system. The addition of nano-size particles as additives dispersed in the base fluids proved to significantly either improve or diminish the behaviour of the base fluids. The behaviour of the base fluid highly depends on the properties of the additives material, such as morphology, size, and volume fraction. Among the variety of nanoparticles studied, the conducting polymers have been subject of high interest due to its high environmental stability, good electrical conductivity, antimicrobial, anti-corrosion property and significantly cheap compared to other nanoparticles. As such, the main objective of the present review is to provide an overview of the work performed on thermal properties performance of conducting polymers based nanofluids.

scholarly journals Contribution to the Parametric Study of the Performance of A Parabolic Trough Collector

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Belkacem Bouali ◽  
Hanane-Maria Regue
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Parabolic Trough Collector ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Different Seasons

This paper presents an analysis of the performance of a parabolic trough collector (PTC) according to some key operating parameters. The effects of the secondary reflector, the length and thickness of the absorber tube (receiver tube) and the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) are investigated. The main objective is to determine an optimal operation, which improves the performance of a traditional PTC. The target variables are the temperature at the outlet of the tube, the amount of energy collected by the HTF and the efficiency of the system. The solar flux data concern the city of LAGHOUAT located in the south of Algeria. Four days in different seasons are considered. The optical analysis of the system is performed by using the open source SolTrace code. The output of this analysis is used as a boundary condition for the CFD solver. The conjugate heat transfer and the fluid flow through the absorber tube are simulated by using ANSYS-CFX solver. Water is considered as heat transfer fluids. The obtained results show that the use of a curved secondary reflector significantly improves the performance of the traditional PTC. As the thickness of the tube increases, the heat storage in the material increases, which increases the temperature at the exit of the tube and therefore the efficiency of the system. However, the length of the tube depends on the mass flow of the HTF and vice versa. To keep the efficiency constant by choosing another length, it is necessary to choose a mass flow rate proportional to the flow rate corresponding to the initial length.

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