Representation of Three-Dimensional Stress Distributions by Mohr Circles

1955 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-275
Author(s):  
G. A. Zizicas
Keyword(s):  
Normal Stress ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Shearing Stress ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Normal Stress Component

Abstract O. Mohr has developed a diagram representing the normal stress component snn = σn and the total shearing stress component τn on an element of surface of any prescribed orientation with respect to the directions of the principal stresses. His procedure, however, does not give the orientation of the shearing stress τn within the element or, which is equivalent, the components of this shearing stress in a plane co-ordinate system within the element under consideration. An extension of the Mohr method that overcomes this limitation is presented in this note.

A Stress Analysis and Strength Evaluation of Scarf Adhesive Joints Subjected to Static Tensile Loading

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sawa ◽  
Masahiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuya Hirayama
Keyword(s):  
Joint Strength ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maximum Principal Stress ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Scarf adhesive joints used in practice. However, the stress distributions and the joints strengths have not yet been fully elucidate. Important issues are how to determine the scarf angle in adherend and how to determine the adhesive properties. In this study, the stress distributions in scarf adhesive joints under static tensile loadings are analyzed using three-dimensional finite-element calculations. In the FEM calculations, the effects of Young's modulus of the adhesive, adhesive thickness, scarf angle of the adherend on the stress distributions at the adhesive interfaces are examined. The maximum principal stresses were calculated at every element at the interfaces. As the results, it is found that the maximum value of the maximum principal stress occurs at the edge of the adhesive interfaces (z=0, 1/s=1). It is also observed that the maximum value of the stress is the smallest, when the scarf angle is 60 degree. In addition, the joint strength is estimated using the interface stress. For the verification of the FEM calculations, the experiments were carried out to measure the strengths and the strains in the joints under static tensile loadings using strain gauges. Fairly good agreements are observed between the numerical and the measured results concerning the joint strength and the strains.

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Out-of-Plane Normal Stress Detection Using Novel Piezoresistive CMOS Sensors

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Lemke ◽  
Rajashree Baskaran ◽  
Oliver Paul
Keyword(s):  
Normal Stress ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Stress Detection ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Uncertainty Sources ◽  
Stress Components ◽  
Normal Stress Component ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
The Individual

This paper discusses the measurement opportunities arising from a novel piezoresistance sensor featuring vertical currents. Temperature-compensated measurements of a sum of the three normal stress components including the vertical normal stress, are presented. In specific applications with sensors located at free surfaces where the vertical normal stress component vanishes, a combination of this temperature-compensated measurement and a pseudo-Hall measurement yields the individual in-plane normal stresses. Furthermore, the temperature-uncompensated extraction of the vertical normal stress component is discussed with respect to the new measurement possibilities provided by the presented sensor. A sensitivity analysis illustrates the influence of individual uncertainty sources to the overall uncertainty of the measurement. Based on these results possible improvements in stress detection are suggested.

Effect of Adhesive Behavior on Normal Stress Distributions in the Single-Lap Adhesive Joints

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 769-773
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Elastic Stiffness ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The effect of adhesives behavior on the normal stress distributions of single-lap adhesive joints is investigated using the three-dimensional finite element technique. Numerical examples are provided to show the influence on the normal stresses of the joints using adhesives of different characteristics which encompass the entire spectrum of elastic stiffness behaviour. finite element analysis solutions of the normal stress distributions in the adhesive layer have been obtained for four typical characteristics of adhesives. The results indicate that Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratios of adhesives strongly affect the normal stress distributions of the joints.

Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Elastic-Plastic Crack Problems

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Kiefer ◽  
P. D. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Crack Front ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Crack Problems

A three-dimensional, elastic-plastic finite element program is developed and applied to analyze the stress field in a plate containing a through crack. The center cracked plate is subjected to uniform tensile loading which results in mode I opening of the crack surfaces. Transverse variations of the opening tensile stress component and of the effective stress (von Mises) in the vicinity of the crack front are presented. They clearly demonstrate the three-dimensional nature of this problem with distributions that depend on specimen thickness. For thinner plates, the plastic deformation concentrates near the plate surfaces while the normal stress is largest in the plate interior. In thicker plates the deformation and normal stress fields are more uniform in the plate interior near the crack front, but they develop a rapid boundary layer-type variation in the vicinity of the plate surfaces.

A Simple Nomogram for the Ratios of Octahedral to Maximum Shearing Stresses and Its Physical Interpretation

1954 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-293
Author(s):  
G. A. Zizicas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Interpretation ◽  
Recent Observation ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Shearing Stress ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
The One ◽  
Straight Lines

Abstract A nomogram constructed exclusively by means of straight lines is presented, giving the ratio of the octahedral to the maximum shearing stresses for all possible stress distributions in terms of the nondimensional ratios of the two principal stresses to the one of maximum absolute value. The physical interpretation of the nomogram is discussed. It is shown that states of stress with constant ratio of octahedral to maximum shearing stress are represented by straight lines. To such lines are found to correspond fixed values of the deviatoric parameter μ = 2 S 2 - S 1 - S 3 S 1 - S 3 in agreement with a recent observation by Novozhilov. The values of μ are given directly by the nomogram.

On the Meaning of Isoclinic Parameters in the Plastic State in Cellulose Nitrate

1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Frocht ◽  
Y. F. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plastic State ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Secondary Principal ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Stress Optic Law

In applying the shear-difference method to the determination of stress distributions in photo plasticity, a basic question arises whether, under plastic flow, the isoclinic parameters represent the directions of the secondary principal stresses. Special equipment, new techniques, and a series of experiments are described to study this problem. Tests were made with stress systems which varied in magnitude and direction at normal and oblique incidence, and at strains for which a one-to-one stress-optic relation exists as well as at strains for which it breaks down. Typical results are given. These findings together with the method of scattered light and an appropriate stress-optic law may provide a foundation for three-dimensional photoplasticity. The effects described are limited to loading. Cases of loading plus unloading are not considered in the present paper.

FEM Stress Analysis and Strength of Adhesive-Rivets Combination Joints Under Tensile Shear Loadings

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sawa ◽  
Ryo Nogaito
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Riveted Joints ◽  
Peel Stress ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Stress distributions in adhesive-rivets combination joints under tensile shear loadings are analyzed using a three-dimensional finite element method. The effects of the adherend thickness, the number of rivets and the rivet locations on the stress distributions at the interfaces are examined. Experiments to measure the rupture loads of the joints were carried out. As the results, it was found that the peel stress near the edges of the interfaces decreased as the adherend thickness increased. The maximum value of the maximum principal stresses near the edges of the interfaces decreased as the interval between the two rivets in the longitudinal direction decreased in the case where two rivets were combined. However, small effect of the interval between the two rivets in the lateral direction was found in the case of two rivets. The maximum value of the maximum principal stresses near the edges of the interfaces decreased as the interval between the four rivets in the longitudinal direction decreased and that in the lateral direction increased in the case where four rivets were combined. Discussion on the rupture loads of adhesive-rivets combination joints was made. The rupture loads of the joints increased as the number of rivets increased. The rupture loads of the adhesive-rivets combination joints could be increased more than those of only-riveted joints in the case of two rivets. The rupture loads of adhesive-rivets combination joints were found to be almost the same as those of only-riveted joints in the case of four rivets.

Three-Dimensional Non-Linear FE Analysis of Shear Stress Distributions in Adhesively Bonded Joint

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 690-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cong He ◽  
Yu Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Stress Components ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Adhesively Bonded Joint

The aim of this work is to investigate the shear stress distributions across the adhesive layer thickness in single-lap adhesively bonded joint. The shear stress distributions of a single-lap adhesively bonded joint have been investigated using the three-dimensional linear static and non-linear quasi-static finite element method. The analysis results indicate that there are significant differences between the linear static and non-linear quasi-static analyses. The results also show that the maximum value of the shear stress component S13occurs at the centre line while the maximum of the shear stress components S12and S23occur near or at the left-rear corner of the adhesive layer.

Contact Stress Analysis of Normally Loaded Rough Spheres

1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Relative Slip ◽  
Normal Stress Component ◽  
Incremental Formulation ◽  
Stress Functions

The Hertz analysis of contact stresses is extended to include the effects of friction on the interface between two elastic spheres compressed along the line connecting their centers. The problem is shown to be one of a class which requires incremental formulation. Stress functions of interest in connection with the analysis of the shear-loaded half-space in the linear theory of elasticity are developed. The distribution of shear stress needed to prevent relative slip of surficial points after they enter the contact region is found to be finite everywhere in the region. The ratio of this shear stress to the coexisting normal stress component is shown to exhibit a singularity at the edge of the contact region. This implies that when elastically dissimilar spheres are pressed together microscopic slip must occur in a narrow annulus at the boundary of the contact region.

Non-Linear Two-Equation Model Taking Into Account the Wall-Limiting Behaviour and Redistribution of Stress Components

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Hattori ◽  
Yasutaka Nagano
Keyword(s):  
Normal Stress ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Normal Direction ◽  
Turbulence Energy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Stress Components ◽  
Normal Stress Component ◽  
Limiting Behaviour

Nonlinear k–ε models have been extensively used in technological applications. It is clear from the assessment of the existing nonlinear k–ε models using DNS databases that the nonlinear models can not satisfy and reproduce exactly the wall-limiting behaviour and the anisotropy of Reynolds normal stress components. Especially, the Reynolds normal stress component, u22, in the wall-normal direction, which is proportional to x24 near the wall is not satisfied. Since the wall limiting behaviour of Reynolds normal stress components in the nonlinear model is determined by the turbulence energy k, which is proportional to x22 in the model, the Reynolds stress components, u12, u22 and u32 are proportional to x22. In this study, we have proposed a new nonlinear k–ε model which satisfies exactly the wall limiting behaviour of Reynolds normal stress components in the inertial and the noninertial frames. The proposed model can also predict well the anisotropy of the Reynolds normal stress components near the wall.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document