Stresses in a Cylindrical Shell Due to Nozzle or Pipe Connection

1945 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. A107-A112
Author(s):  
G. J. Schoessow ◽  
L. F. Kooistra
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Strain Gage ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Transverse Bending ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Tension Loading

Abstract Results are reported of a strain-gage test conducted on a 54-in-diam cylindrical shell to which was attached two 12-in-diam pipes. The pipes were subjected to direct axial-tension loading, direct axial-compression loading, and transverse bending moments. This construction simulates the conditions which exist in boiler drums, pressure piping, hydraulic penstocks, etc., where pipe connections are subject to forces and moments that develop strains in the shell to which the pipes are attached. Moderate loading applied to the pipes resulted in 20,000-psi bending stresses in the shell. These stresses are of a magnitude that demands the respect and attention of the designers. By publication of these data, the authors hope to stimulate interest in further experimental and analytical investigations of the problem, which eventually will establish a basis for predicting the magnitude of stresses in cylindrical shells. Such data are not now available.

Experimental Investigation of Nozzle-Induced Cylindrical Shell Stresses Where R/T = 1264

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
R. A. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Cylindrical Panel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Membrane Stress ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Radial Forces

Stresses and displacements for a nozzle connection typical of those found in large storage tanks or pressure vessels were measured for applied radial forces, circumferential moments and longitudinal moments. The test program was conducted on a 12 1/2-in-dia penetration, centered and welded into a 60 in. × 60 in. cylindrical panel with a radius to thickness ratio of 1264. The nozzle diameter to cylindrical shell diameter ratio was 0.05. The panel edges were bolted to a stiff rectangular frame. This report presents the measured radial deflections and nozzle rotations, the membrane stress resultants and shell bending moments in the vicinity of the penetration along with penetration membrane and bending stresses for the three loadings. A brief description of the model and the test procedure is also presented.

Structural bionic design for thin-walled cylindrical shell against buckling under axial compression

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (11) ◽  
pp. 2619-2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Xing ◽  
W Chen ◽  
J Ma ◽  
L Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
High Load ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Cross

In nature, bamboo develops an excellent structure to bear nature forces, and it is very helpful for designing thin-walled cylindrical shells with high load-bearing efficiency. In this article, the cross-section of bamboo is investigated, and the feature of the gradual distribution of vascular bundles in bamboo cross-section is outlined. Based on that, a structural bionic design for thin-walled cylindrical shells is presented, of which the manufacturability is also taken into consideration. The comparison between the bionic thin-walled cylindrical shell and a simple hollow one with the same weight showed that the load-bearing efficiency was improved by 44.7 per cent.

Effect of a Dent of Different Sizes and Angles of Inclination on Buckling Strength of a Short Stainless Steel Cylindrical Shell Subjected to Uniform Axial Compression

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Prabu ◽  
N. Bujjibabu ◽  
S. Saravanan ◽  
A. Venkatraman
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Buckling Analysis ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Geometrical Imperfections ◽  
Steel Cylindrical Shell

Generally, thin cylindrical shells are susceptible for geometrical imperfections like non-circularity, non-cylindricity, dents, swellings etc. All these geometrical imperfections decrease the static buckling strength of thin cylindrical shells, but in this paper only effect of a dent on strength of a short (L / D ∼1 and R/t = 280) stainless steel cylindrical shell is considered for analysis. The dent is modeled on the FE surface of perfect cylindrical shell for different angles of inclination and sizes at half the height of cylindrical shell. The cylindrical shells with a dent are analyzed using non-linear static buckling analysis. From the results it is found that in case of shorter dents, size and angle of inclination dents do not have much effect on static buckling strength of thin cylindrical shells, where as in the case of long dents, size and angle of inclination of dents have significant effect. But both short and long dents reduce the static buckling strength drastically.

Stresses Around an Elliptic Hole in a Cylindrical Shell

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. V. Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Circular Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Elliptic Hole ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Method Of Solution ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Curvature Parameter

A theoretical analysis is presented for the membrane and bending stresses around an elliptic hole in a long, thin, circular cylindrical shell with the major axis of the hole parallel to the axis of the shell. The analysis has been carried out for the case of axial tension. The method of solution involves a perturbation in a curvature parameter and the results obtained are valid, if the hole is small in size compared to the shell. Formulas, from which the complete stress distribution at the hole can be calculated, are presented.

Stress Concentration in a Stretched Cylindrical Shell With Two Elliptical Holes

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equation ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Circular Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Integral Equation Method ◽  
Equation Method ◽  
Center Line ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Elliptical Holes

The circumferential membrane and bending stresses at the edges of two identical elliptical holes in a circular cylindrical shell loaded by axial tension are computed by means of an integral equation method. Pairs of holes of which the center line is along a generator of the shell, along a directrix, or in a direction forming an angle of 45° with the generators are considered. For each of these hole configurations results are presented for a number of hole distances, hole sizes, and axis ratios.

POSTBUCKLING OF SHEAR-DEFORMABLE ANISOTROPIC LAMINATED CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION

2008 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 389-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHI-MIN LI ◽  
HUI-SHEN SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Perturbation Technique ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Anisotropic Shell ◽  
Equilibrium Path ◽  
Singular Perturbation Technique ◽  
Initial Geometric Imperfections ◽  
Shear Deformable ◽  
Laminated Cylindrical Shells

A postbuckling analysis is presented for a shear-deformable anisotropic laminated cylindrical shell of finite length subjected to axial compression. The material of each layer of the shell is assumed to be linearly elastic, anisotropic and fiber-reinforced. The governing equations are based on a higher order shear-deformable shell theory with the von Kármán–Donnell type of kinematic nonlinearity and including the extension/twist, extension/flexural and flexural/twist couplings. The nonlinear prebuckling deformations and initial geometric imperfections of the shell are both taken into account. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths. The numerical illustrations concern the postbuckling response of perfect and imperfect, moderately thick, anisotropic laminated cylindrical shells with different values of shell parameters and stacking sequence. The results confirm that there exists a compressive stress along with an associate shear stress and twisting when the anisotropic shell is subjected to axial compression. The postbuckling equilibrium path is unstable for the moderately thick cylindrical shell under axial compression and the shell structure is imperfection-sensitive.

Creep Buckling Analyses of Circular Cylindrical Shells Under Axial Compression—Bifurcation Buckling Analysis by the Finite Element Method

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Circular Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Bifurcation Buckling ◽  
Creep Buckling ◽  
Circular Cylindrical Shells

The finite element method is applied to the creep buckling of circular cylindrical shells under axial compression. Not only the axisymmetric mode but also the bifurcation mode of the creep buckling are considered in the analysis. The critical time for creep buckling is defined as either the time when a slope of a displacement versus time curve becomes infinite or the time when the bifurcation buckling occurs. The creep buckling analyses are carried out for an infinitely long and axially compressed circular cylindrical shell with an axisymmetric initial imperfection and for a finitely long and axially compressed circular cylindrical shell. The numerical results are compared with available analytical ones and experimental data.

Stresses around large circular holes in uniform circular cylindrical shells

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Bull
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Circular Holes ◽  
Circular Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Good Agreement

An experimental and finite element analysis of a uniform cylindrical shell with a large circular cut-out is presented. In this analysis three hole sizes are considered, namely μ = 2.037, 4.084, and 6.344 (where μ = {[12(1 - y2)]1/4/2} × [ a/( Rt)1/2]), for loadings of axial compression, torsion and three point bending. The experimental results are the only ones available for cylindrical shells with large values of μ (except for one graph by Savin (1)†), while for three point bending there is no previously published theoretical or analytical results. Good agreement is found between the calculated and experimental stresses around the holes.

Buckling of 2D-FG Cylindrical Shells under Combined External Pressure and Axial Compression

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 391-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. M. Najafizadeh ◽  
M. Nejati
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shell ◽  
Axial Compression ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Buckling Load ◽  
Critical Buckling Load ◽  
Classical Shell Theory ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThis paper presents the stability of two-dimensional functionally graded (2D-FG) cylindrical shells subjected to combined external pressure and axial compression loads, based on classical shell theory. The material properties of functionally graded cylindrical shell are graded in two directional (radial and axial) and determined by the rule of mixture. The Euler’s equation is employed to derive the stability equations, which are solved by GDQ method to obtain the critical mechanical buckling loads of the 2D-FG cylindrical shells. The effects of shell geometry, the mechanical properties distribution in radial and axial direction on the critical buckling load are studied and compared with a cylindrical shell made of 1D-FGM. The numerical results reveal that the 2D-FGM has a significant effect on the critical buckling load.

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