Experimental Determination of the Isostatic Lines

1942 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. A155-A160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto J. Durelli
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strain ◽  
Geometrical Form ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
A Direct Method

Abstract In this paper a direct method for obtaining the isostatics or stress trajectories is described. These lines indicate the directions of the principal stresses. The procedure used by the author can be applied almost without regard to the geometrical form of the object under stress. It also possesses the advantage in that the test is nondestructive and that in most cases it will yield values of the stress magnitudes within 10 or 15 per cent of the correct values. The technique consists in covering the surface of the body with a thin coat of lacquer which becomes brittle upon hardening. If the object being tested is painted under zero load and then stressed after the coating has hardened, the layer of lacquer will crack along lines perpendicular to the maximum tensile strain. The companion set of trajectories at right angles can usually be formed through relaxation. As an aid in photoelasticity this procedure has great possibilities as it eliminates the necessity for determining the isoclinic lines which are difficult to obtain.

scholarly journals Measurability of D-concurrence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Karimi ◽  
A. Heshmati ◽  
M. Yahyavi ◽  
M. A. Jafarizadeh ◽  
A. Mohammadzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Pure State ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Entanglement Measure ◽  
Quantum Information Science ◽  
The Subject ◽  
A Direct Method

AbstractAn effective approach to quantify entanglement of any bipartite systems is D-concurrence, which is important in quantum information science. In this paper, we present a direct method for experimental determination of the D-concurrence of an arbitrary bipartite pure state. To do this, we show that measurement of the D-concurrence of bipartite pure state can be conversed into the measurement performed on some observables so called generalized Gell-Mann operators. We first introduce the concept of D-concurrence for a bipartite system. Then we explain the method of measuring this entanglement measure for the pure state. Finally, for clarify of the subject, we give an example consisting of two parties A and B with dimensions 3.

Determination of probabilistic characteristics of random values of estimates of the Lyapunov function when describing a physical process

Metrologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Veshkurtsev ◽  
D. A. Titov
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Function ◽  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Special Device ◽  
Transmission Errors ◽  
Matlab Package ◽  
Normal Law ◽  
First Time ◽  
A Direct Method

The applied application of the Lyapunov characteristic function is determined by the properties of its estimates. Probabilistic characteristics of estimates of the Lyapunov characteristic function are described for the first time. The probabilistic characteristics of random values of estimates of the Lyapunov function are empirically estimated using statistical methods. The Matlab package has developed a model of a special device for obtaining estimates of the characteristic function by a direct method. A quasi-deterministic signal is fed to the input of the model, the instantaneous values of which are distributed according to the arcsine law, and an array of values of estimates of the Lyapunov function is obtained at the output, which is used to estimate the probabilistic characteristics of these estimates. Statistical estimation was performed by an indirect method. It is established that the values of the estimates of the Lyapunov characteristic function are distributed according to the normal law. The results of the research will be useful in engineering calculations, for example, when detecting message transmission errors in modems with a modulated characteristic function.

A direct method for the determination of the HCO3-concentration as total carbon dioxide in blood and plasma

1966 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rispens ◽  
O.W. Van Assendelft ◽  
J.R. Brunsting ◽  
W.G. Zijlstra ◽  
E.J. Van Kampen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
A Direct Method

scholarly journals On a direct method for the determination of an exact invariant for the time-dependent harmonic oscillator

1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. L. Leach
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Dynamical Symmetry ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Symmetry Groups ◽  
New Approach ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
A Direct Method ◽  
Exact Invariant

AbstractAn exact invariant is found for the one-dimensional oscillator with equation of motion . The method used is that of linear canonical transformations with time-dependent coeffcients. This is a new approach to the problem and has the advantage of simplicity. When f(t) and g(t) are zero, the invariant is related to the well-known Lewis invariant. The significance of extension to higher dimension of these results is indicated, in particular for the existence of non-invariance dynamical symmetry groups.

Determination of the photoelectron emission probability with inclined X-ray Laue diffraction

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Afanas'ev ◽  
R. M. Imamov ◽  
E. Kh. Mukhamedzhanov ◽  
A. N. Chuzo
Keyword(s):  
Angular Dependence ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Photoelectron Emission ◽  
Laue Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
First Time ◽  
A Direct Method

A simple relation has been established between the Fourier component of the probability density P(z) of photoelectron emission from different depths of a crystal and the angular dependence of the emission of photoelectrons formed in inclined X-ray Laue diffraction, which for the first time permitted the use of a direct method for the reconstruction of the P(z) function. Accurate measurements of the angular dependence of photoelectron emission were carried out on a silicon single crystal with diffraction of Cu Kα radiation for different energy ranges. Photoelectrons were recorded by a proportional gas counter specially designed for the energy analysis of photoelectrons under inclined Laue diffraction conditions. The laws predicted by the theory have been fully confirmed, and the corresponding P(z) functions have been obtained.

A direct method for determination of membrane electron density profiles on an absolute scale

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 276 (5687) ◽  
pp. 530-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. FRANKS ◽  
T. ARUNACHALAM ◽  
E. CASPI
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Density Profiles ◽  
Absolute Scale ◽  
Electron Density Profiles ◽  
A Direct Method

Determination of Gear Ratios

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Orthwein
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Pocket Calculator ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Direct Method

Finding the number of teeth for each gear in a gear train required to provide a specified noninteger ratio (or its inverse) of angular velocity between input and output shafts has been a troublesome problem throughout the history of gearing. A direct method for finding the required number of teeth is presented, along with a program for its implementation on a programmable pocket calculator.

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