scholarly journals Discussion: “Helical Springs of Hollow Circular Cross Section” (Bert, C. W., 1959, ASME J. Eng. Ind., 81, pp. 30–35)

1959 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
W. B. Diboll
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Helical Springs

Elastic–plastic deformation and residual stresses in helical springs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-475
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kobelev
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Closed Form Solutions ◽  
Helical Springs ◽  
First Case ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
The Wire

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the method for the calculation of residual stress and enduring deformation of helical springs. Design/methodology/approach For helical compression or tension springs, a spring wire is twisted. In the first case, the torsion of the straight bar with the circular cross-section is investigated, and, for derivations, the StVenant’s hypothesis is presumed. Analogously, for the torsion helical springs, the wire is in the state of flexure. In the second case, the bending of the straight bar with the rectangular cross-section is studied and the method is based on Bernoulli’s hypothesis. Findings For both cases (compression/tension of torsion helical spring), the closed-form solutions are based on the hyperbolic and on the Ramberg–Osgood material laws. Research limitations/implications The method is based on the deformational formulation of plasticity theory and common kinematic hypotheses. Practical implications The advantage of the discovered closed-form solutions is their applicability for the calculation of spring length or spring twist angle loss and residual stresses on the wire after the pre-setting process without the necessity of complicated finite-element solutions. Social implications The formulas are intended for practical evaluation of necessary parameters for optimal pre-setting processes of compression and torsion helical springs. Originality/value Because of the discovery of closed-form solutions and analytical formulas for the pre-setting process, the numerical analysis is not necessary. The analytical solution facilitates the proper evaluation of the plastic flow in torsion, compression and bending springs and improves the manufacturing of industrial components.

Helical Springs of Hollow Circular Cross Section

1959 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
C. W. Bert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Elasticity Theory ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Helical Spring ◽  
Circular Section ◽  
Helical Springs ◽  
Elastic Shear ◽  
Theory Solution

A theoretical and experimental investigation of elastic shear stresses and deflection in an axially loaded helical spring having a hollow circular section is reported in this paper. Two analyses are presented: An approximation of the stresses by strength-of-materials theory and a more accurate elasticity-theory solution for stresses and deflection. The results are compared with strain and deflection measurements on an actual tubular spring.

SAF file: It's really three dimensional file

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Jamal Aziz Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Circular Motion ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Metal Core ◽  
Rotating Blade

The biological objectives of root canal treatment have not changed over the recentdecades, but the methods to attain these goals have been greatly modified. Theintroduction of NiTi rotary files represents a major leap in the development ofendodontic instruments, with a wide variety of sophisticated instruments presentlyavailable (1, 2).Whatever their modification or improvement, all of these instruments have onething in common: they consist of a metal core with some type of rotating blade thatmachines the canal with a circular motion using flutes to carry the dentin chips anddebris coronally. Consequently, all rotary NiTi files will machine the root canal to acylindrical bore with a circular cross-section if the clinician applies them in a strictboring manner

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