Development of a Colonoscope Sheath Device for Colonoscopy

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
JungHun Choi ◽  
David Drozek
Keyword(s):  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Training Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedure ◽  
Complicated Shape ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Flexible Stem

Endoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure using instruments that pass through the body for diagnostic purposes and minimizes the risks associated with open surgery. Colonoscopy can viewed as an endoscopic procedure of the colon. Colonoscopy may cause extreme discomfort to the patient and also carries the risks of perforating the lining of the colon, splenic ruptures, or bleeding. The technology is an endoscope that has an exoskeleton structure of controllable stiffness and a highly flexible stem. The device saves the patient from the pain caused by the shaft of a colonoscope when it is guided from the anus to the end of the sigmoid colon. The stiffenable sheath guides the shaft of the colonoscope up to the end of the sigmoid colon to avoid looping the shaft of the colonoscope. A prototype of the device was built and tested to validate its effectiveness. In order to further improve the performance of the device, skilled endoscopists tested and validated the device using a colonoscopy training model. The colonoscopy training model is comprised of a configurable rubber colon, a human torso, a display, and sensing part. It measures the forces caused by the distal tip and the shaft of the colonoscope and the pressure to open up the lumen. The force sensors at the rubber colon constraints measure the forces, and the real-time display panel will show the results to the colonoscopist and record the data for analysis. The endoscopy sheath device improves the process of endoscopy by reducing the mechanical trauma and loops caused by the shaft of the endoscope. With the guide provided by the colonoscope sheath, the forces to the constraints of a colon are significantly decreased in the sigmoid colon. The colonoscope sheath helps to reduce the force to constraints of the colon and isolates the direct contact between the shaft of a colonoscope and a colon wall up to the end of the sigmoid colon. For the complicated shape of the colon, the endoscopy sheath also solved possible looping problems. The colonoscope training model effectively measures the forces and makes it possible to validate the effectiveness of the endoscopy sheath.

scholarly journals Development of the Stiffenable Exoskeleton Device for a Colonoscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JungHun Choi ◽  
R. H. Sturges
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Flexible Colonoscope ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Exoskeleton Device

Colonoscopy provides a minimally invasive tool for examining and treating the colon without surgery, but current colonoscope designs still cause a degree of pain and mechanical trauma to the colon wall. The most common colonoscopes are long tubes inserted through the rectum with fiber optic lights, cameras, and biopsy tools on the distal end. The stiffness required to support these tools makes it difficult for the scopes to navigate the twisted path of the colon without causing mechanical trauma inside the colon wall or distorting its shape. The shaft of the colonoscope often causes looping (alpha, reverse alpha, or n), and it is very difficult to advance the distal tip of the colonoscope with looping. In order to avoid looping and minimize mechanical trauma, the author expanded on a design by Zehel et al., who proposed surrounding a flexible colonoscope with an external exoskeleton structure with controllable stiffness. The stiffenable exoskeleton device is comprised of rigid, articulating tubular units, which are stiffened or relaxed by four control cables. The stiffened or relaxed exoskeleton device guides navigation and provides stability for the colonoscope when it protrudes beyond the exoskeleton device for examination and procedures. This research determined the design requirements of such an exoskeleton device and tested requirements of such an exoskeleton device and tested its behavior in a colonoscopy training model. Moreover, the stiffenable exoskeleton device can be operated in purely a mechanical way, which is safe as a class II medical device, and no additional modification of the colonoscope is needed to use the stiffenable exoskeleton device. Colonoscopy training model is used to test the stiffenable exoskeleton device. First, the endoscopist inserted the colonoscope into the colonoscopy training model up to the end of the stiffenable exoskeleton device along the shaft of the colonoscope to the distal tip of the colonoscope, and then locked the stiffenable exoskeleton device and advanced the shaft of the colonoscope to examine the colon. When the distal tip reached the cecum, he or she unlocked the stiffenable exoskeleton device, retracted the shaft of the colonoscope and the stiffenable exoskeleton device, and checked for polyps or other colon disease. Also, the endoscopist can insert the stiffenable exoskeleton device and a colonoscope alternatively by stiffening and releasing the exoskeleton device. In that way, endoscopist can advance the colonoscope and the exoskeleton structure inch-by-inch without causing mechanical trauma in the rectum and the sigmoid colon. The endoscopist tested the stiffenable exoskeleton device using the colonoscopy training model and fulfilled its objectives. Several other diagnostic procedures involving the stomach, esophagus and the nose could also benefit due to the improvements provided by the stiffenable exoskeleton technology.

Scapuloplasty Alleviates Scapular Pain Resulting from Lung Cancer Metastasis

2010 ◽  
Vol 5;13 (5;9) ◽  
pp. 485-491
Author(s):  
Kyung-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Metastatic Bone Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intractable Pain ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedure ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Entry Points

Osteoplasty, a highly effective minimally invasive procedure that alleviates the painful effects of metastatic bone disease by injecting bone cement to support weakened bones, provides immediate and substantial pain relief. However, it is rarely performed in non-weight bearing flat bones such as the scapula. Fractures of the body of the scapula are rarely treated surgically, except for cases of marked displacement of fragments that limit the function of the scapula. According to the reported incidences of operative treatment of different scapula fracture types, 99% of all isolated scapula body fractures are treated nonoperatively A 54-year-old man had been experiencing metastatic bone pain in the lateral border, medial border, and medial infraspinatus fossa of the left scapula for the past 2 months; this pain originated from adenocarcinoma of the right lung. He could not sleep on his back even after completion of radiation therapy. We decided to perform scapuloplasty. The patient was placed in the prone position on a radiolucent table with an inflatable adjustable axillary pillow. Three 13-gauge, 10-cm long bone biopsy needles were simultaneously inserted from the 3 different entry points to fill the osteolytic lesion with the bone cement with fluoroscopic guidance under local anesthesia and intravenous analgesia. After confirming needle placement and ensuring that no contrast medium was extravasated, a total of 8 mL of the cement was injected. Immediately after the operation, the patient could lie on his back without pain. Scapuloplasty is a new variant of osteoplasty used to alleviate the painful effects of metastatic bone disease. It may be an option of shoulder motion-preserving minimally invasive procedure for alleviating intractable pain induced by lying on the back. Key words: Fluoroscopy; lung neoplasms; neoplasm metastasis; polymethyl methacrylate; pain; palliative care; scapula; surgical procedures, minimally invasive; vertebroplasty.

scholarly journals Definite Ocular Sarcoidosis Using Endobronchial Ultrasonography with Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhuma Warrasak ◽  
Sawang Saenghirunvattana ◽  
Ataya Euswas ◽  
Santa Methasiri ◽  
Surapon Worapongpaiboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Alternative Procedure ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedure ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Transbronchial Needle Aspiration ◽  
Ocular Sarcoidosis ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasonography

Purpose. To introduce a minimally invasive procedure, endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), to obtain a pathologic evidence of a definite ocular sarcoidosis in a patient who initially presented with presumed ocular sarcoidosis with pulmonary involvement.Methods. An EBUS-TBNA procedure was performed at perihilar lymph nodes, subcarina, and right paratrachea of the patient and specimen obtained was sent for histocytopathological studies.Result. Histocytopathological findings revealed aggregates of epithelioid histiocytes forming a noncaseous granuloma, a hallmark of sarcoidosis.Conclusion. EBUS-TBNA should be considered an alternative procedure to provide cytohistopathology proven diagnosis of definite ocular sarcoidosis.

S34 TENSION-FREE VAGINAL TAPE: ONE OF THE MINIMALLY INVASIVE PROCEDURE IN SUI

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
X. Quni ◽  
I. Haxhiu ◽  
H. Aliu ◽  
N. Baftiu ◽  
M. Toska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedure ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Tension Free Vaginal Tape

Gliding Flight of the White-Backed Vulture Gyps Africanus

1971 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. PENNYCUICK
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
The Body ◽  
East African ◽  
Induced Drag ◽  
Gliding Flight ◽  
Vertical Speed ◽  
Statistical Sense ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Comparison Measurements

1. Glide-comparison measurements were made on ten species of East African soaring birds using a Schleicher ASK-14 powered sailplane. Horizontal and vertical speed differences between bird and glider were measured by a photographic method, and used to estimate the bird's horizontal and vertical speeds relative to the air. The analysis refers to the white-backed vulture, since by far the largest number of measurements was obtained on this species. 2. A regression analysis using a two-term approximation to the glide polar yielded an implausibly high estimate of induced drag, which was attributed to a lack of observations at lift coefficients above 0.72. An amended glide polar was constructed assuming elliptical lift distribution and a maximum lift coefficient of 1.6 to define the low-speed end, while the high-speed end was made to pass through the mean horizontal and sinking speeds of all the experimental points. This curve gave a minimum sinking speed of 0.76 m/s at a forward speed of 10 m/s, and a best glide ratio of 15.3:1 at 13 m/s. It did not differ significantly (in the statistical sense) from the original regression curve. 3. In comparing the estimated circling performance, based on the amended glide polar, with that of the ASK-14, it was concluded that the rates of sink of both should be comparable, but that the glider would require thermals with radii about 4.3 times as great as those needed to sustain the birds. The conclusions are consistent with experience of soaring in company with birds. 4. In an attempt to assess the adaptive significance of the low-aspect-ratio wings of birds specializing in thermal soaring, the white-backed vulture's circling performance was compared with that of an ‘albatross-shaped vulture’, an imaginary creature having the same mass as a white-backed vulture, combined with the body proportions of a wandering albatross. It appears that the real white-back would be at an advantage when trying to remain airborne in thermals with radii between 14 and 17 m, but that the albatross-shaped vulture would climb faster in all wider thermals; on account of its much better maximum glide ratio, it should also achieve higher cross-country speeds. It is concluded that the wing shape seen in vultures and storks is not an adaptation to thermal soaring as such, but is more probably a compromise dictated by take-off and landing requirements. 5. The doubts recently expressed by Tucker & Parrott (1970) about the results and conclusions of Raspet (1950a, b; 1960) are re-inforced by the present experience.

Pengaruh Clay Therapy terhadap Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah yang Menjalani Prosedur Invasif di RSUD Al-Ihsan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Depi Lukitasari
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Background. During hospitalization large number of invasive procedure recived by patient and preceived as threatening and anxiety experience. One of the invasive procedures that commonly done is the venous blood extraction. The children in preschool age preceived venous blood extraction as something that endanger the integrity of the body and lead to anxiety experience. To reduce the anxiety during the venous blood extraction, a nurse could perform a clay theraphy. The aim of this research is to ascertain the effect of clay therapy toward scoreof anxiety in preschool age children that undergoing venous blood extraction in RSUD Al-Ihsan.Methode. The study was quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group posttest only. A total of 34 children who recieve venous blood extraction was assigned into 2 group, 17 children in control and 17 children in intevention. The children anxiety level measured using anxiety observation sheet before the procedure complete. Data were analyzed used independent t test for bivariate and logistik regresion for multivariate. Result Findings. The results  show a significat difference in anxiety score between control group and intervention group with p-value 0,001 < α 0.05 which means there is impact of clay therapy to level anxiety in preschool age children undergoing invasive procedure in RSUD Al-Ihsan. Conclusion. This research indicate that clay therapy may be used to reduce anxiety in children that undergoing venous blood extraction.

scholarly journals Common operation, uncommon complication. Bleeding from superior haemorrhoidal artery after minimally invasive procedure for hemorrhoids – a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janavikula Sankaran Rajkumar ◽  
Aluru Jayakrishna Reddy ◽  
Ravikumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Anirudh Rajkumar ◽  
Syed Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Minimally Invasive Procedure ◽  
Common Operation ◽  
Uncommon Complication
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