Ultralow Carbon Dioxide Emission MCFC Based Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Chiappini ◽  
Luca Andreassi ◽  
Elio Jannelli ◽  
Stefano Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Molten Carbonate

The application of high temperature fuel cells in stationary power generation seems to be one of the possible solutions to the problem related to the environment preservation and to the growing interest for distributed electric power generation. Great expectations have been placed on both simple and hybrid fuel cell plants, thus making necessary the evolution of analysis strategies to evaluate thermodynamic performance, design improvements, and acceleration of new developments. This paper investigates the thermodynamic potential of combining traditional internal combustion energy systems (i.e., gas turbine and internal combustion engine) with a molten carbonate fuel cell for medium- and low-scale electrical power productions with low CO2 emissions. The coupling is performed by placing the fuel cell at the exhaust of the thermal engine. As in molten carbonate fuel cells the oxygen-charge carrier in the electrolyte is the carbonate ion, part of the CO2 in the gas turbine flue gas is moved to the anode and then separated by steam condensation. Plant performance is evaluated in function of different parameters to identify optimal solutions. The results show that the proposed power system can be conveniently used as a source of power generation.

Ultra Low Carbon Dioxide Emission MCFC Based Power Plant

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Andreassi ◽  
Daniele Chiappini ◽  
Elio Jannelli ◽  
Stefano Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Molten Carbonate

The application of high temperature fuel cells in stationary power generation seems to be one of the possible solutions to the problem related to the environment preservation and to the growing interest for distributed electric power generation. Great expectations have been placed on both simple and hybrid fuel cell plants, thus making necessary the evolution of analysis strategies to evaluate thermodynamic performance, design improvements and acceleration of new developments. This paper investigates the thermodynamic potential of combining traditional internal combustion energy systems (i.e. gas turbine and internal combustion engine) with a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) for medium and low-scale electrical power production with low CO2 emissions. The coupling is performed by placing the fuel cell at the exhaust of the thermal engine. As in MCFCs the oxygen-charge carrier in the electrolyte is the carbonate ion, part of the CO2 in the gas turbine flue gas is moved to the anode and then separated by steam condensation. Plant performance are evaluated in function of different parameters to identify optimal solutions. The results show that the proposed power system can be conveniently used as a source of power generation.

Hybridization of an internal combustion engine with a molten carbonate fuel cell for marine applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 117192
Author(s):  
Andrea Baccioli ◽  
Angelica Liponi ◽  
Jarosław Milewski ◽  
Arkadiusz Szczęśniak ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

Efficiency Upgrading of an Ambient Pressure MCFC Plant Through the Introduction of an Indirect Heated Gas Turbine

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Lunghi ◽  
Stefano Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Energy Devices

The efficient end environmentally friendly production of electricity is undoubtedly one of the 21st century priorities. Since renewable sources will be able to guarantee only a share of the future demand, the present research activity must focus on innovative energy devices and improved conversion systems and cycles. Great expectations are reserved to fuel cell systems. The direct conversion from chemical to electrical energy eliminates environmental problems connected with combustion and bypass the stringent efficiency limit due to Carnot’s principle. Still in infancy high temperature Fuel cells present the further advantage of feasible cycle integration with steam or gas turbines. In this paper, a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell plant is simulated in a cycle for power generation. The introduction of an external combustion Gas Turbine is evaluated with the aim of efficiency and net power output increase. The results show that the proposed cycle can be conveniently used as a source of power generation. As compared to internal combustion Gas Turbine hybrid cycles found in literature the plant is characterized by fuel cell greater simplicity, due to the absence of pressurization, and gas turbine increased complexity, due to the presence of the heat exchange system.

Efficiency Upgrading of an Ambient Pressure Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Plant Through the Introduction of an Indirect Heated Gas Turbine

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lunghi ◽  
S. Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

The efficient end environmentally friendly production of electricity is undoubtedly one of the 21st century priorities. Since renewable sources will be able to guarantee only a share of the future demand, the present research activity must focus on innovative energy devices and improved conversion systems and cycles. Great expectations are reserved to fuel cell systems. The direct conversion from chemical to electrical energy eliminates environmental problems connected with combustion and bypass the stringent efficiency limit due to Carnot’s principle. Still in infancy, high-temperature fuel cells present the further advantage of feasible cycle integration with steam or gas turbines. In this paper, a molten carbonate fuel cell plant is simulated in a cycle for power generation. The introduction of an external combustion gas turbine is evaluated with the aim of efficiency and net power output increase. The results show that the proposed cycle can be conveniently used as a source of power generation. As compared to internal combustion gas turbine hybrid cycles found in the literature the plant is characterized by fuel cell greater simplicity, due to the absence of pressurization, and gas turbine increased complexity, due to the presence of the heat exchange system.

Parametric Analysis of Hybrid MCFC Micro Gas Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Hao ◽  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Shilie Weng ◽  
Ming Su
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Power

Fuel cells have been revealed to be a very attractive power generation system, promising highly efficient electricity generation and very low environmental impact. The integration of micro turbines and high-temperature fuel cells has been proposed in recent years as an extremely efficient solution for power generation. A molten carbonate fuel cell / micro gas turbine (MCFC/MGT) hybrid power system has theoretically demonstrated that it can achieve higher thermal efficiency than other conventional power generation systems. To understand operation characteristics of the MCFC/MGT hybrid power system, it is essential to analyze influence of operating and design parameters on its performance. Based on an existing 50KW MCFC stack, a steady-state thermodynamic model for MCFC/MGT hybrid power system is developed on the IPSEpro simulation platform and applied to a performance analysis. The characteristics under off-design and design condition for hybrid power system were also analyzed.

Cogeneration of Heat and Electricity: A Comparison of Gas Turbine, Internal Combustion Engine, and MCFC/GT Hybrid System Alternatives

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bargigli ◽  
V. Cigolotti ◽  
D. Pierini ◽  
A. Moreno ◽  
F. Iacobone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Molten Carbonate

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a feasibility study of the supply of electricity and heat to a large user (i.e., a public hospital in Northern Italy) by means of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) hybrid system in comparison with other technologies. The study investigated three alternative options in order to meet the user’s demand: internal combustion engine, gas turbine, and a hybrid system (molten carbonate fuel cells and gas turbine, MCFC-HS), which is currently under development by Ansaldo Fuel Cell Ltd. and ENEA. The user requirement was the yearly supplies of 6.65 GWhe/year and 21.64 GWhth/year. Due to demand fluctuations over the year, integration by electric grid and/or additional thermal boilers was also required and investigated. The approach integrates the usual mass balance with large scale material flow accounting, embodied energy analysis, exergy efficiency, and emergy synthesis, within a LCA perspective. Results show that the best performance from the point of view of energy and exergy efficiency is shown by the MCFC-hybrid system. The latter is also characterized by the lowest embodied energy demand and cumulative material demand as well as by the lowest requirement for direct and indirect environmental support (emergy method). However, the small thermal energy supply of the MCFC-HS compared with the large thermal needs of the hospital calls for a larger use of the additional boiler. The latter device worsens the local-scale emissions of the system, compared with the other alternatives investigated. Results point out that a proper choice cannot only be based on the individual performance of an even well performing technological device, but also needs to be tailored on the system’s characteristics and dynamics, in order to adequately match supply and demand.

Performance Evaluation of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System With Oxy-Combustion Carbon Capture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Ahn ◽  
Tong Seop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

Owing to the increasing consumption of fossil fuels and emission of greenhouse gases, interests in highly efficient and low carbon emitting power systems are growing fast. Several research groups have been suggesting advanced systems based on fuel cells and have also been applying carbon capture and storage technology to satisfy the demand for clean energy. In this study, the performance of a hybrid system, which is a combination of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with oxy-combustion carbon capture and an indirectly fired micro gas turbine (MGT) was predicted. A 2.5MW MCFC system that is used in commercial applications was used as the reference system so that the results of the study could be applicable to practical situations. The ambient pressure type hybrid system was modeled by referring to the design parameters of an MGT that is currently being developed. A semi-closed type design characterized by flow recirculation was adopted for this hybrid system. A part of the recirculating gas is converted into liquefied carbon dioxide and captured for storage at the carbon separation unit. Almost 100% carbon dioxide capture is possible with this system. In these systems, the output power of the fuel cell is larger than in the normal hybrid system without carbon capture because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases. The increased cell power partially compensates for the power loss due to the carbon capture and MGT power reduction. The dependence of net system efficiency of the oxy-hybrid on compressor pressure ratio is marginal, especially beyond an optimal value.

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