scholarly journals Effect of Common Carotid Artery Inlet Length on Normal Carotid Bifurcation Hemodynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiemeng Hoi ◽  
Bruce A. Wasserman ◽  
Edward G. Lakatta ◽  
David A. Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Disturbed Flow ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Inlet Length ◽  
The Impact

Controversy exists regarding the suitability of fully developed versus measured inlet velocity profiles for image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of carotid bifurcation hemodynamics. Here, we attempt to resolve this by investigating the impact of the reconstructed common carotid artery (CCA) inlet length on computed metrics of “disturbed” flow. Twelve normal carotid bifurcation geometries were reconstructed from contrast-enhanced angiograms acquired as part of the Vascular Aging—The Link That Bridges Age to Atherosclerosis study (VALIDATE). The right carotid artery lumen geometry was reconstructed from its brachiocephalic origin to well above the bifurcation, and the CCA was truncated objectively at locations one, three, five, and seven diameters proximal to where it flares into the bifurcation. Relative to the simulations carried out using the full CCA, models truncated at one CCA diameter strongly overestimated the amount of disturbed flow. Substantial improvement was offered by using three CCA diameters, with only minor further improvement using five CCA diameters. With seven CCA diameters, the amounts of disturbed flow agreed unambiguously with those predicted by the corresponding full-length models. Based on these findings, we recommend that image-based CFD models of the carotid bifurcation should incorporate at least three diameters of CCA length if fully developed velocity profiles are to be imposed at the inlet. The need for imposing measured inlet velocity profiles would seem to be relevant only for those cases where the CCA is severely truncated.

scholarly journals Synchronous Carotid Bifurcation Endarterectomy and Retrograde Kissing Stenting of the Innominate and Left Common Carotid Artery in a Patient with a Bovine Aortic Arch

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Robaldo ◽  
Guido Carignano ◽  
Alberto Balderi ◽  
Claudio Novali
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Bovine Aortic Arch ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Management of the symptomatic multiple stenosis of supra-aortic vessels (MSSVs) in a “bovine” aortic arch (BAA) configuration is infrequently reported. The optimal treatment choice remains debatable. A successful hybrid treatment for a proximal critical stenosis of the innominate and left common carotid artery was performed in a high-risk patient with a tandem symptomatic lesion in the right carotid bifurcation and a concentric vulnerable plaque in the bovine trunk. This case supports the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a combined carotid bifurcation endarterectomy and retrograde kissing stenting of common carotid arteries with cerebral protection after evaluation of radiological, anatomical, and clinical parameters.

Clinical case of a patient with occlusive thrombosis of the right common carotid artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Anna S. Zotova ◽  
Tatyana V. Davydova ◽  
Anna M. Snigireva
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Ultrasound Scanning ◽  
Severe Atherosclerosis ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Color Duplex Ultrasound

The paper presents a case of a patient with floating thrombosis in the right common carotid artery and occlusion of the carotid bifurcation of the right common carotid artery against the background of severe atherosclerosis of the common carotid artery with 70% stenosis. Thrombosis was identified using color duplex ultrasound scanning in an asymptomatic patient. During hospitalization, thrombosis was complicated by a cerebral infarction of the right middle cerebral artery, apparently of embolic origin.

scholarly journals Longitudinal effects of common carotid artery stenosis on ocular hemodynamics assessed using laser speckle flowgraphy in a rabbit model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishah Ismail ◽  
Hui Cheng Chen ◽  
Ibrahima Faye ◽  
Tong Boon Tang
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Laser Speckle Flowgraphy ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Real-time impairment of ocular blood flow (OBF) under common carotid artery stenosis (CCAS) has not been ascertained. We aimed to longitudinally assess the impact of CCAS on OBF using a rabbit model. About 75% stenosis was created by tying the common carotid artery with a plastic mandrel using a nylon suture. The plastic mandrel was gently removed, leaving a ligature. Neurological and behavioral assessments were recorded as the clinical indicator of stroke severity. With laser speckle flowgraphy, the pulse waveform parameters namely mean blur rate (MBR), blowout score (BOS), blowout time (BOT), rising rate, S1-area, falling rate (FR), S2-area, flow acceleration index (FAI), acceleration time index, resistive index (RI) and the difference between the maximum and minimum values of MBR (AC) were assessed in overall, vessel, and tissue regions of the optic nerve head (ONH). Longitudinally, BOS significantly increased until day 19 post-surgery, whereas FAI, RI, and AC significantly decreased. Beyond day 19, BOS, BOT, FR, FAI, RI, and AC significantly decreased. We defined two stages representing impaired vessel conditions, namely the vessel resistance phase, where BOS increases and FAI, RI, and AC decrease, and the vessel elasticity phase where BOS, BOT, FR, FAI, RI and AC decrease. These stages provide information about atherosclerosis, assessable non-invasively through the eye.

Influence of Inlet Secondary Curvature on Image-Based CFD Models of the Carotid Bifurcation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Wook Lee ◽  
David A. Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Measured Velocity ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Measured Flow ◽  
The Common ◽  
Made In

In image-based CFD modelling of carotid bifurcation hemodynamics, it is often not possible (or at least not convenient) to impose measured velocity profiles at the common carotid artery (CCA) inlet. Instead, fully-developed velocity profiles are usually imposed based on measured flow rates. Previous work from our group showed that this is reasonable [1], in the sense that errors made in doing so are substantially less than uncertainties inherent in the model construction process itself. In that study, long helical inlet sections were imposed to induce asymmetric (Dean-type) velocity flows profiles consistent with in vivo velocity profiles measured by others at the CCA [2, 3].

scholarly journals Effect of Inlet Velocity Profiles on Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations of the Carotid Bifurcation

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Campbell ◽  
Jared Ries ◽  
Saurabh S. Dhawan ◽  
Arshed A. Quyyumi ◽  
W. Robert Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Flow Waveform ◽  
Specific Flow ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
The Mean

Patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool for researching the role of blood flow in disease processes. Modern clinical imaging technology such as MRI and CT can provide high resolution information about vessel geometry, but in many situations, patient-specific inlet velocity information is not available. In these situations, a simplified velocity profile must be selected. We studied how idealized inlet velocity profiles (blunt, parabolic, and Womersley flow) affect patient-specific CFD results when compared to simulations employing a “reference standard” of the patient’s own measured velocity profile in the carotid bifurcation. To place the magnitude of these effects in context, we also investigated the effect of geometry and the use of subject-specific flow waveform on the CFD results. We quantified these differences by examining the pointwise percent error of the mean wall shear stress (WSS) and the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and by computing the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) between axial profiles of the mean WSS and OSI in the internal carotid artery bulb. The parabolic inlet velocity profile produced the most similar mean WSS and OSI to simulations employing the real patient-specific inlet velocity profile. However, anatomic variation in vessel geometry and the use of a nonpatient-specific flow waveform both affected the WSS and OSI results more than did the choice of inlet velocity profile. Although careful selection of boundary conditions is essential for all CFD analysis, accurate patient-specific geometry reconstruction and measurement of vessel flow rate waveform are more important than the choice of velocity profile. A parabolic velocity profile provided results most similar to the patient-specific velocity profile.

scholarly journals Bilateral Lower Cervical Bifurcation of the Common Carotid Artery

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lokman Uzun ◽  
Numan Kokten ◽  
Adem Kilicaslan ◽  
Bulent Tasel ◽  
M. Tayyar Kalcioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Massive Hemorrhage ◽  
Selective Neck Dissection

Lower cervical bifurcation of cervical common carotid artery (CCA) is a very rarely encountered anatomic variation. Knowing the normal vascular anatomy and also its anomalies is important in preventing the vascular complications. Ill-defined vascular anomalies may lead to massive hemorrhage and eventually death during head and neck surgery. Imaging of the neck by magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), CT, or angiography is helpful for diagnosis. We present a 62-year-old male patient diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma who had been treated. His MRI revealed bilateral low-level bifurcation of the cervical common carotid arteries as well as tumor localization and its boundaries. Total laryngectomy and right selective neck dissection was performed to the patient with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. During the neck dissection, carotid bifurcation was detected in common border of Level 3 and Level 4 of the neck.

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