Further Evidence for Acoustic Resonance in Full Size Steam Generator and Tubular Heat Exchanger Tube Banks

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek L. Eisinger ◽  
Robert E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tube Bank ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Acoustic Modes ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube

Acoustic resonance or acoustic vibration, which develops in flow channels containing a tube bank, is caused by vortex shedding generated by crossflow over the tube bank. Transverse acoustic modes are excited, which are perpendicular to the direction of flow and of the tube axes. For the excitation of the acoustic modes resulting in acoustic resonance, two conditions must be met: (a) The frequency of vortex shedding must coincide with the frequency of the particular acoustic mode to be excited, and (b) there must be sufficient energy available to initiate the vibration. If the frequency coincidence is not satisfied or if the excitation energy is insufficient, the acoustic resonance will not be possible. It is important to define the criteria, which need to be met for the initiation of the acoustic resonance. In this paper, new criteria are developed on the basis of the acoustic particle velocity for the onset of acoustic resonance in steam generator and tubular heat exchanger tube banks.

Acoustic Vibration Behavior of Full Size Steam Generator and Tubular Heat Exchanger In-Line Tube Banks: A Brief Note

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek L. Eisinger ◽  
Robert E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Energy Parameter ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube

Based on recent laboratory experimental data by Feenstra et al. (2004, “The Effects of Duct Width and Baffles on Acoustic Resonance in a Staggered Tube Array,” in Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Flow-Induced Vibration FIV 2004, E. de Langre and F. Axisa, eds., Paris France, Jul. 6–9, pp. 459–464; 2006, “A Study of Acoustic Resonance in a Staggered Tube Array,” ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 128, pp. 533–540), it has been determined that for larger test section widths, the maximum acoustic pressures generated during acoustic resonance were greater by more than a factor of 4 than those predicted by Blevins and Bressler (1993, “Experiments on Acoustic Resonance in Heat Exchanger Tube Bundles,” J. Sound Vib., 164, 503–533). We have evaluated a great number of resonant and nonresonant cases from in-service experience of full size steam generator and tubular heat exchanger tube banks in order to see the general vibratory behavior of the full size units. Fifteen vibrating and twenty-seven nonvibrating cases were evaluated and compared to the Feenstra et al. relationship. It is shown that on average the results from the full size units correlate well with the relationship of Feenstra et al. A gap exists between the vibratory and the nonvibratory cases. The nonvibratory cases produce acoustic pressures, which are at or below the Blevins and Bressler relationship. From the results, it can be concluded that the full size units, regardless of their size and also acoustic mode, produce high acoustic pressures at resonance, with the maximum acoustic pressure on average more than 50–75 times higher than the input energy parameter defined by the product of Mach number and pressure drop through the tube bank. The results are tabulated and plotted for comparison.

Further Evidence for Acoustic Resonance in Full Size Steam Generator and Tubular Heat Exchanger Tube Banks

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek L. Eisinger ◽  
Robert E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube

In the previous publications by Eisinger, F.L., Francis, J.T., and Sullivan, R.E., 1996, “Prediction of Acoustic Vibration in Steam Generator and Heat Exchanger Tube Banks”, ASME Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, Vol. 118, pp. 221–236 and Eisinger, F.L. and Sullivan, R.E., 1996, “Experience with Unusual Acoustic Vibration in Heat Exchanger and Steam Generator Tube Banks”, Journal of Fluids and Structures, Vol. 10, pp. 99–107, prediction criteria for acoustic vibration or acoustic resonance were formulated utilizing flow and acoustic parameters derived from operating steam generator tube banks. Various parameters were used in those formulations, including the dominant parameter MΔp where M is the Mach number of the crossflow through the tube bank and Δp is the pressure drop through the tube bank. Here we present further evidence derived from operating experience of full size steam generator and tubular heat exchanger tube banks of which 19 experienced acoustic vibration or acoustic resonance and 27 experienced no vibration or no acoustic resonance within the operating flow range. The present data show that the decisive parameter predicting the acoustic vibration or acoustic resonance of a tube bank is the acoustic particle velocity. The acoustic particle velocity separates the acoustically vibrating banks from those non-vibrating very clearly. The behavior is demonstrated graphically showing the dimensionless acoustic particle velocity as a function of input energy parameter MΔp, Mach number M, Reynolds number Re and also Helmholtz number He = MS where S is the Strouhal number. This finding indicates that the acoustic particle velocity criterion shall be used in conjunction with the previously used criteria as the basis for the prediction of acoustic resonance in full size steam generator and tubular heat exchanger tube banks.

scholarly journals 849 Modeling Method of Vortex Shedding Synchronization in Heat Exchanger Tube Banks on Acoustic Resonance

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (0) ◽  
pp. _849-1_-_849-8_
Author(s):  
Hiromitsu HAMAKAWA ◽  
Eiichi NISHIDA ◽  
Tatsuaki NAKAMURA ◽  
Kenta ASAKURA ◽  
Eru KURIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube

Acoustic Vibration Behavior of Full Size Steam Generator and Tubular Heat Exhanger In-Line Tube Banks: A Brief Note

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franktisek L. Eisinger ◽  
Robert E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Steam Generator ◽  
Energy Parameter ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Acoustic Mode ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube ◽  
Recent Laboratory

Based on recent laboratory experimental data by Feenstra et al. [1],[2] it has been determined that for larger test section widths, the maximum acoustic pressures generated during acoustic resonance were greater by more than a factor of four than those predicted by Blevins and Bressler [3]. We have evaluated a great number of resonant and non-resonant cases from inservice experience of full size steam generator and tubular heat exchanger tube banks in order to see the general vibratory behavior of the full size units. Fifteen vibrating and twenty-seven non-vibrating cases were evaluated and compared to the Feenstra et al. relationship. It is shown that on average the results from the full size units correlate well with the Feenstra et al. relationship. A gap exists between the vibratory and the non-vibratory cases. The non-vibratory cases produce acoustic pressures which are at or below the Blevins and Bressler relationship. From the results it can be concluded that the full size units, regardless of their size and also acoustic mode, produce high acoustic pressures at resonance, with the maximum acoustic pressure on average more than fifty to seventy five times higher than the input energy parameter defined by the product of Mach number and pressure drop through the tube bank. The results are tabulated and plotted for comparison.

Acoustic Resonance in Heat Exchanger Tube Bundles—Part II: Prediction and Suppression of Resonance

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Blevins ◽  
M. M. Bressler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tube Bundles ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Exchanger Tube

In the first part of this series, experimental data were presented which suggest that the acoustic resonance in heat exchanger tube bundles is tied to periodic vortex shedding from the tubes. In this paper, a semi-empirical model for predicting the onset of resonance is developed. This model is compared with experimental data and other models from the literature. Methods of suppressing the resonance are developed and experimental data on their effectiveness are presented.

Prediction of Acoustic Vibration in Steam Generator and Heat Exchanger Tube Banks

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Eisinger ◽  
J. T. Francis ◽  
R. E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Transverse Acoustic ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Service Data ◽  
Exchanger Tube

Criteria are formulated for the development of acoustic vibration in transverse acoustic modes in steam generator tube banks, based on flow and acoustic parameters. Theoretical predictions are validated against available in-service data for nonvibrating and vibrating tube banks and published laboratory experimental data. The criteria can be used for the prediction of acoustic vibration in steam generator and heat exchanger tube banks both, in-line and staggered.

Acoustic Resonance in Heat Exchanger Tube Bundles—Part I: Physical Nature of the Phenomenon

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Blevins ◽  
M. M. Bressler
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Tube Bundle ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Transverse Mode ◽  
Acoustic Resonance ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Tube Bundles ◽  
Exchanger Tube

The intense acoustic resonance resulting from gas flow across a bank of heat exchanger tubes in a duct has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. At low gas velocities, the acoustic tone emanating from tube bundles increases in proportion to the flow velocity. When the frequency approaches a bound acoustic transverse mode of the tube bundle, intense sound can result. Sound levels as high as 173 db were measured within the bundle. During resonance, the sound correlates vortex shedding from the tubes and the pressure drop increases in some bundles.

scholarly journals On the erosion of heat exchanger tube banks in fluidized-bed combustors

1991 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques X. Bouillard ◽  
Robert W. Lyczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
Exchanger Tube
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