Assessment of the Performance of Acoustic and Mass Balance Methods for Leak Detection in Pipelines for Transporting Liquids

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Costa Martins ◽  
Paulo Seleghim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Pressure Transducers ◽  
On Line ◽  
Reference Situation

On-line leak detection is a main concern for the safe operation of pipelines. Acoustic and mass balance are the most important and extensively applied technologies in field problems. The objective of this work is to compare these leak detection methods with respect to a given reference situation, i.e., the same pipeline and monitoring signals acquired at the inlet and outlet ends. Experimental tests were conducted in a 749 m long laboratory pipeline transporting water as the working fluid. The instrumentation included pressure transducers and electromagnetic flowmeters. Leaks were simulated by opening solenoid valves placed at known positions and previously calibrated to produce known average leak flow rates. Results have clearly shown the limitations and advantages of each method. It is also quite clear that acoustics and mass balance technologies are, in fact, complementary. In general, an acoustic leak detection system sends out an alarm more rapidly and locates the leak more precisely, provided that the rupture of the pipeline occurs abruptly enough. On the other hand, a mass balance leak detection method is capable of quantifying the leak flow rate very accurately and of detecting progressive leaks.

scholarly journals Real Time In-situ Detection System Research for Methane in Offshore Shallow Gas based on Thin Film Interface

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 04053
Author(s):  
Cheng-xing Miao ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Sheng-yao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Shallow Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Sensor ◽  
Detection Probe ◽  
On Line ◽  
In Situ Detection

In order to get ridded of the non real-time detection methods of artificial site sampled and laboratory instrument analyzed in the field of methane detection in the offshore shallow gas, real-time in-situ detection system for methane in offshore shallow gas was designed by the film interface.The methane in the offshore shallow gas through the gas-liquid separation membrane of polymer permeation into the system internal detection probe, analog infrared micro gas sensor sensed the methane concentration and the corresponded output value, data acquisition and communication node fitted into standard gas concentration.Based on the experimental data compared with the traditional detection method, and further analyzed the causes of error produced by the case experiment. The application results show that the system can achieve a single borehole layout, long-term on-line in-situ on-line detection, and improve the detection efficiency and the timeliness of the detection data.

Remote and Intelligent Diagnostic Methods on Leakage Fault for Crude Oil Pipelines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai-Bin Zhang ◽  
Zhao-Hui Wang ◽  
Wei Liang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Oil Pipelines

Oil and gas transportation pipelines are the key equipment in petroleum and chemical industry. At present, with the increase of transportation task in oil fields, real-time leak detection system becomes a demand that petroleum companies need to safeguard routines. At the heart of the leakage monitoring and detection procedures are the report of leakage event timely and of leakage point precisely. This paper presents a more realistic approach for using rarefaction-pressure wave technique in oil pipelines, which aims to two targets, one is the improvement of remote and intelligent degree, and the other is the improvement of the leakage location ability. This paper introduces a new scheme to meet the requirements of real time and high data transferring necessary for remote monitoring and leak detection methods for pipelines. The scheme is based on SCADA framework for remote pipeline leakage diagnosis, in which the Dynamic Data Exchange technology is utilized to construct the data-acquiring component to acquire the real-time information that could perform remote test and analysis. It also introduces a basic concept and structure of the remote leak detection system. Primarily, an embedded leak-detection package is designed to exchange the diagnostic information with the RTU data package of Modbus protocol, and then via fiber network, the SCADA-based remote monitoring and leak detection system is realized. Existing data acquisition apparatus applied in oil fields and city underground water pipeline is used, without changing the structure of pipeline supervisory system. This paper introduces the method of constructing DDE-based hot links between servers and client terminals, using Borland C++ Builder 6.0 development environment, and also explains the universality and friendliness of the method. It can easily access similar Windows’ applications simply by modifying Service names, Topic options and data Items. System feasibility was tested using negative-pressure data from oil-fields. Additionally, the applied results show that the whole running status of pipeline can be monitored effectively, and a higher automation grade and an excellent leak location precision of the system can be obtained.

Improved Leak Detection by Method Diversity

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruprecht M. J. Pichler
Keyword(s):  
Transient Flow ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Type System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Noise Factors

Leak detection systems for liquid pipelines are installed to minimize spillage in case of a leak. Therefore reliability, sensitivity and detection time under practical operating conditions are the most important parameters of a leak detection system. Noise factors to be considered among others are unknown fluid property data, friction factor, instrument errors, transient flow, slack-line operation and SCADA update time. The opening characteristics and the size of leaks differ considerably from case to case. Each software-based leak detection method available today has its particular strength. As long as just one or two of these methods are applied to a pipeline a compromise has to be found for the key parameters of the leak detection system. The paper proposed illustrates how a combination of several different software-based leak detection methods together with observer-type system identification and a knowledge-based evaluation can improve leak detection. Special focus is given to leak detection and automated leak locating under transient flow conditions. Practical results are shown for a crude oil pipeline and a product pipeline.

High Sensitivity External Leak Detection for Liquid Fuel Pipelines

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Parman ◽  
Ken McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Detection System ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Distributed Sensor ◽  
Environmentally Sensitive Areas

Pipeline risk mitigation in high consequence areas can be facilitated through the use of a high sensitivity external leak detection (HSELD) system. Such systems have been implemented for both off-site and on-site pipeline applications, including the Longhorn Pipeline (Texas) and the Madrid Barajas International Airport (Spain). We define high-sensitivity external leak detection as a leak detection system that will continuously and automatically detect very small amounts of liquid fuels and is physically independent of pipeline pumping operations. In addition, such systems monitor their own integrity on a continuous basis, without requiring periodic recalibration or operator interaction. The HSELD system we describe incorporates a distributed sensor cable, installed in a slotted PVC conduit which is run in close proximity to the pipeline. Many pipeline leaks start out as very small cracks or holes resulting from corrosion and wear. In their initial stages, such leaks go undetected by standard leak detection methods, but over time large volumes of liquid fuel may leak into the environment. In high consequence areas, such as above aquifers and other environmentally sensitive areas, the leak may go undetected until traces show up in water samples. The critical characteristic of an effective HSELD is its ability to detect and accurately locate very small volumes of liquid fuels, so that these small leaks can be identified, cleaned up and repaired before environmental damage is done.

scholarly journals On-Line Fault Detection and Compensation of Hydraulic Driven Machines Using Modelling Techniques

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Chrissanthi Angeli ◽  
◽  
Avraam Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Actual System ◽  
Incipient Faults ◽  
On Line ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Drive And Control ◽  
And Control

The development of on-line fault detection methods for drive and control systems is of main importance for the modern production technology. Modelling information improves the reliability of the diagnostic method when it is involved in a fault detection system. In this paper, the use of modelling information for the fault detection of hydraulic driven machines as well as for the compensation of incipient faults is presented. For this purpose a suitable implementation environment was developed that allows the on line interaction of real time data and simulation results and makes possible their direct effect to the actual system.

scholarly journals Physical Basis of Software-Based Leak Detection Methods

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim C. P. Liou
Keyword(s):  
Transient Flow ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Long Time

There are many causes for a pipeline to leak. Third party punctures usually result in sizable leaks. The onset of such leaks generates a sudden change in the pipeline pressure and flow. Methods exist that rely upon these sudden changes for leak detection. Leaks previously undetected are not detectable by such methods. These pre-existing leaks are usually small in size but can exist for long time. The cumulation of leaked products may pose a greater hazard then the larger and sudden leaks. The operational experience of major pipeline company in the United States has demonstrated that all leak detection methods have their limitations, and that complementary leak detection methods should be used simultaneously (Mears 1993). Hence, we propose a leak detection system that uses, simultaneously, two independent but complementary methodologies: mass balance and transient flow simulations.

scholarly journals A Consolidated Decision Tree-Based Intrusion Detection System for Binary and Multiclass Imbalanced Datasets

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Ranjit Panigrahi ◽  
Samarjeet Borah ◽  
Akash Kumar Bhoi ◽  
Muhammad Fazal Ijaz ◽  
Moumita Pramanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Intrusion Detection System ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Imbalanced Data ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Tree Construction

The widespread acceptance and increase of the Internet and mobile technologies have revolutionized our existence. On the other hand, the world is witnessing and suffering due to technologically aided crime methods. These threats, including but not limited to hacking and intrusions and are the main concern for security experts. Nevertheless, the challenges facing effective intrusion detection methods continue closely associated with the researcher’s interests. This paper’s main contribution is to present a host-based intrusion detection system using a C4.5-based detector on top of the popular Consolidated Tree Construction (CTC) algorithm, which works efficiently in the presence of class-imbalanced data. An improved version of the random sampling mechanism called Supervised Relative Random Sampling (SRRS) has been proposed to generate a balanced sample from a high-class imbalanced dataset at the detector’s pre-processing stage. Moreover, an improved multi-class feature selection mechanism has been designed and developed as a filter component to generate the IDS datasets’ ideal outstanding features for efficient intrusion detection. The proposed IDS has been validated with state-of-the-art intrusion detection systems. The results show an accuracy of 99.96% and 99.95%, considering the NSL-KDD dataset and the CICIDS2017 dataset using 34 features.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of a Mobile Leakage-Detection System for a Water Pipeline Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-150
Author(s):  
Balbir Singh ◽  
Usman Ikhtiar ◽  
Mohamad Firzan ◽  
Dong Huizhen ◽  
Kamarul Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
New Model ◽  
Pressure Drag ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Water Pipeline ◽  
And Control

The leakages in water pipeline networks sometimes negatively affect the environment, health, and economy. Therefore, leak detection methods play a crucial role in detecting and localizing leaks. These methods are categorized into internal and external detection methods, each having its advantages and certain limitations. The internal system has its detection based on the field sensors to monitor internal pipeline parameters such as temperature and pressure, thereby inferring a leak. However, the mobility of the sensing module in the pipeline is affected by the model drag coefficient. The low drag coefficient causes the module to quickly lost control in the pipeline leading to false detection. Therefore, this study is about designing and numerically analysing a new model to achieve a higher drag value of the sensing system. The drag value of various models is determined with the help of CFD simulations in ANSYS. The outcome of this study is a new model with a drag value of 0.6915. It was achieved by implementing an aerodynamic shape, a more significant surface contact area in the middle, and canted fins at the front of the . Both pressure, drag, and skin friction were increased, so a higher drag value of the sensing module can be achieved. Through this, the mobility and control of modules in the pipeline can be improved, improving leak detection accuracy.

On-Line UHF Monitoring System of Partial Discharge for Electrical Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Jin Chen ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Ting Ting Liu ◽  
Jing Ni ◽  
Dong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Power Equipment ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Accurate Judgment ◽  
On Line

The detection and fault identification of the partial discharge is the important aspect for the monitoring of the power equipment. For the lacks of the traditional detection methods, this paper analyzed the UHF signal characteristic parameters of the power equipment’s partial discharge, and developed the UHF detection system of the partial discharge. The A/D technology of the gain equalization and quantization in the different bands is studied, and the fault diagnosis strategy of the partial discharge based on the UHF and AE is proposed. On the premise to ensure the integrity of the partial discharge signals, the acquisition, amplification, analysis and storage of the partial discharge signal is realized. The case-based reasoning technology determines the fault type and fault degree of the partial discharge to make the accurate judgment for the operational state of the equipment and improve the intelligence level and the operational reliability for the state diagnosis of the power equipment.

Automobile Frame Side Rail Detection System Based on Machine Vision

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 1527-1530
Author(s):  
Yu Zhuo Men ◽  
Hai Bo Yu ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Jin Gang Gao ◽  
Xin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Side Rail ◽  
On Line ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
System Prototype ◽  
Very High

A machine vision on-line detection system for automobile frame side fail mounting holes is proposed in this article to solve the backward and low-efficiency problems for detection methods of large-size automobile frame side fail mounting holes. Many images captured by CDD camera are processed and analyzed by virtue of algorithms such as image stitching, threshold segmentation, edge detection, feature extraction, etc.. The developed detection system prototype has very high detection accuracy.

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