Trends in Combined Steam-Gas Turbine Power Plants in the U. S. A.

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
R. W. Foster-Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The combined steam-gas turbine cycle offers reductions in fuel consumption and energy production cost compared to all steam, particularly for the smaller-size plants used in industrial complexes. Currently, combined cycles are restricted to natural gas fuel, which limits their use particularly by utility companies. Their potential is predicted in the event an economic means of operating gas turbines on coal can be found. Extrapolation of the historic trend of gas turbine performance and cost suggests that combined cycles will be able to demonstrate substantial economies for larger power plants in the future.

Thermodynamic Study of Humid Air Gas Turbine Cycle Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yadav ◽  
P. Sreedhar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Thermodynamic Study ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The major challenges before the design engineers of a gas turbine plant and its variants are the enhancement of power output, substantial reduction in NOx emission and improvement in plant thermal efficiency. There are various possibilities to achieve these objectives and humid air gas turbine cycle power plant is one of them. The present study deals with the thermodynamic study of humid air gas turbine cycle power plants based on first law. Using the modeling and governing equations, the parametric study has been carried out. The results obtained will be helpful in designing the humid air gas turbines, which are used as peaking units. The comparison of performance of humid air gas turbine cycle shows that it is superior to basic gas turbine cycle but inferior and more complex to steam injected cycle.

scholarly journals Compact Metallic and Ceramic Recuperators for Gas Turbines

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Förster ◽  
M. Kleemann
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Experimental Heat ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Recuperative Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle ◽  
Typical Design ◽  
Plate Type

A compact plate-type recuperative heat exchanger feasible in metal or ceramic materials and suitable for stationary and vehicular gas turbines is described. The flow schemes and fabrication techniques of the heat exchanging matrices are illustrated. Metallic and ceramic prototype matrices are shown which have been fabricated successfully. On the bases of experimental heat transmission and friction data for the metallic matrices, typical design solutions are shown for complete recuperators. Design examples for metallic recuperators are given for large nuclear closed-cycle helium turbine power plants and for stationary and vehicular open-cycle gas turbines. For vehicular application, sizes for turbines of several hundred kilowatts are discussed. Two design examples are given of ceramic recuperators for a 70-kw vehicular gas turbine having small overall dimensions when compared to a piston engine. Some cost aspects of the compact recuperators are discussed. Compact metallic recuperators, such as described in the paper, may replace advantageously the tube type or other plate type recuperators for large stationary and vehicular gas turbine cycle applications. Furthermore, the ceramic compact recuperator also described in the paper may be a satisfying practical solution for small vehicular gas turbines, especially for the so-called “ceramic” gas turbines with gas temperatures at the turbine inlet of about 1300 C.

Research on Thermal Efficiencies of Various Power Cycles for GFRs and VHTRs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mahdi ◽  
Roman Popov ◽  
Igor Pioro
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Supercritical Pressure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The vast majority of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are equipped with water- and heavy-water-cooled reactors. Such NPPs have lower thermal efficiencies (30–36%) compared to those achieved at NPPs equipped with Advanced Gas-cooled Reactors (AGRs) (∼42%) and Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs) (∼40%), and, especially, compared to those of modern advanced thermal power plants, such as combined cycle with thermal efficiencies up to 62% and supercritical-pressure coal-fired power plants — up to 55%. Therefore, NPPs with water- and heavy-water-cooled reactors are not very competitive with other power plants. Therefore, this deficiency of current water-cooled NPPs should be addressed in the next generation or Generation-IV nuclear-power reactors / NPPs. Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) concept / NPP is currently considered as the most efficient NPP of the next generation. Being a thermal-spectrum reactor, VHTR will use helium as a reactor coolant, which will be heated up to 1000°C. The use of a direct Brayton helium-turbine cycle was considered originally. However, technical challenges associated with the direct helium cycle have resulted in a change of the reference concept to indirect power cycle, which can be also a combined cycle. Along with the VHTR, Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) concept / NPP is also regarded as one of the most thermally efficient concept for the upcoming generation of NPPs. This concept was also originally thought to be with the direct helium power cycle. However, technical challenges have changed the initial idea of power cycle to a number of options including indirect Brayton cycle with He-N2 mixture, application of SuperCritical (SC)-CO2 cycles or combined cycles. The objective of the current paper is to provide the latest information on new developments in power cycles proposed for these two helium-cooled Generation-IV reactor concepts, which include indirect nitrogen-helium Brayton gas-turbine cycle, supercritical-pressure carbon-dioxide Brayton gas-turbine cycle, and combined cycles. Also, a comparison of basic thermophysical properties of helium with those of other reactor coolants, and with those of nitrogen, nitrogen-helium mixture and SC-CO2 is provided.

Parametric Analysis of Combined Cycles Equipped With Inlet Fogging

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Cycles

In recent years, deregulation in the power generation market worldwide combined with significant variation in fuel prices and a need for flexibility in terms of power augmentation specially during periods of high electricity demand (summer months or noon to 6:00 p.m.) has forced electric utilities, cogenerators and independent power producers to explore new power generation enhancement technologies. In the last five to ten years, inlet fogging approach has shown more promising results to recover lost power output due to increased ambient temperature compared to the other available power enhancement techniques. This paper presents the first systematic study on the effects of both inlet evaporative and overspray fogging on a wide range of combined cycle power plants utilizing gas turbines available from the major gas turbine manufacturers worldwide. A brief discussion on the thermodynamic considerations of inlet and overspray fogging including the effect of droplet dimension is also presented. Based on the analyzed systems, the results show that high pressure inlet fogging influences performance of a combined cycle power plant using an aero-derivative gas turbine differently than with an advanced technology or a traditional gas turbine. Possible reasons for the observed differences are discussed.

scholarly journals CFD Modeling of Syngas Combustion and Emissions for Marine Gas Turbine Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Ammar ◽  
Ahmed I. Farag
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Gas Fuel

Abstract Strong restrictions on emissions from marine power plants will probably be adopted in the near future. One of the measures which can be considered to reduce exhaust gases emissions is the use of alternative fuels. Synthesis gases are considered competitive renewable gaseous fuels which can be used in marine gas turbines for both propulsion and electric power generation on ships. The paper analyses combustion and emission characteristics of syngas fuel in marine gas turbines. Syngas fuel is burned in a gas turbine can combustor. The gas turbine can combustor with swirl is designed to burn the fuel efficiently and reduce the emissions. The analysis is performed numerically using the computational fluid dynamics code ANSYS FLUENT. Different operating conditions are considered within the numerical runs. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental data and satisfactory agreement is obtained. The effect of syngas fuel composition and the swirl number values on temperature contours, and exhaust gas species concentrations are presented in this paper. The results show an increase of peak flame temperature for the syngas compared to natural gas fuel combustion at the same operating conditions while the NO emission becomes lower. In addition, lower CO2 emissions and increased CO emissions at the combustor exit are obtained for the syngas, compared to the natural gas fuel.

Parametric Analysis of Combined Cycles Equipped With Inlet Fogging

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combined Cycles

In recent years, deregulation in the power generation market worldwide combined with significant variation in fuel prices and a need for flexibility in terms of power augmentation specially during periods of high electricity demand (summer months or noon to 6 PM) has forced electric utilities, cogenerators and independent power producers to explore new power generation enhancement technologies. In the last 5–10 years, inlet fogging approach has shown more promising results to recover lost power output due to increased ambient temperature compared to the other available power enhancement techniques. This paper presents the first systematic study on the effects of both inlet evaporative and overspray fogging on a wide range of combined cycle power plants utilizing gas turbines available from the major gas turbine manufacturers worldwide. A brief discussion on the thermodynamic considerations of inlet and overspray fogging including the effect of droplet dimension is also presented. Based on the analyzed systems, the results show that high pressure inlet fogging influences performance of a combined cycle power plant using an aero-derivative gas turbine differently than with an advanced technology or a traditional gas turbine. Possible reasons for the observed differences are discussed.

Assessing the Potential of Gas-Recuperation in Reheated Gas Turbines Within Combined Gas-Steam Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Doligalski ◽  
Luis Sanchez de Leon ◽  
Pavlos K. Zachos ◽  
Vassilios Pachidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Variable Position ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Power Generation Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

This paper presents a comparative analysis between two different gas turbine configurations for implementation within combined cycle power plants, aiming to downselect the most promising one in terms of thermal efficiency at design point. The analysed gas turbines both feature the same dual-pressure steam bottoming cycle, but differ in the gas turbine cycle itself: the first configuration comprises a single-shaft reheated gas turbine with variable position of the reheater (representative of the current approach of the industry to combined cycle power plants), whilst the second configuration comprises a dual-shaft reheated-recuperated engine with free power turbine. Comparison of the two competing gas turbine configurations is conducted by means of systematic exploration of the combined cycle design space. The analysis showed that the reheated-recuperated configuration delivers higher thermal efficiency than the more conventional reheated (non-recuperated) gas turbine and is identified, therefore, as a competitive option for future combined cycle power generation systems.

Combined Cycle Power Augmentation by Inlet Fogging

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei D. Chiang ◽  
Pai-Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Plant Simulation

Inlet fogging of gas turbine engines has attained considerable popularity due to the ease of installation and the relatively low first cost compared to other inlet cooling methods. With increasing demand for power and with shortages envisioned especially during the peak load times during the summers, there is a need to boost gas turbine power. In Taiwan, most gas turbines operate with combined cycle for base load. Only a small portion operates with simple-cycle for peak load. To recover lost power output due to increased ambient temperature in hot days, the power augmentation strategies for combined-cycles need to be studied in advance. Therefore, the objective is to study the effects caused by adding inlet fogging to an existing gas turbine-based combined-cycle power plant. Simulation runs were made for adding inlet fogging to a combined cycle with two Alstom gas turbines, two heatrecovery steam generators, and one steam turbine. Results show that the power output will be increased by 1% to 5% in typical hot summer days. Since there are seventeen combined-cycle power plants located in different areas in Taiwan, total extra power output gained by inlet fogging can make up the power loss in hot summer days. This paper also includes a parametric study of performance to provide guidelines for combined-cycle power augmentation by inlet fogging.

Power Augmentation Study of an Existing Combined Cycle Power Plant by Overspray Inlet Fogging

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei D. Chiang ◽  
Pai-Yi Wang ◽  
Hsin-Lung Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Increasing Demand

With increasing demand for power and with shortages envisioned especially during the peak load times during the summer, there is a need to boost gas turbine power. In Taiwan, most of gas turbines operate with combined cycle for base load. Only a small portion of gas turbines operates with simple cycle for peak load. To prevent the electric shortage due to derating of power plants in hot days, the power augmentation strategies for combined cycles need to be studied in advance. As a solution, our objective is to add an overspray inlet fogging system into an existing gas turbine-based combined cycle power plant (CCPP) to study the effects. Simulation runs were made for adding an overspray inlet fogging system to the CCPP under various ambient conditions. The overspray percentage effects on the CCPP thermodynamic performance are also included in this paper. Results demonstrated that the CCPP net power augmentation depends on the percentage of overspray under site average ambient conditions. This paper also included CCPP performance parametric studies in order to propose overspray inlet fogging guidelines for combined cycle power augmentation.

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