Analysis of Solar-Furnace Performance in Mechanical Testing at Extremely High Temperatures

1960 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Leon ◽  
M. E. Shank
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Furnace Performance ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Large Furnace

The use of the solar furnace for investigating properties of materials has received increased attention. However, such work has been limited to determining physical properties of refractory materials. Analyses of performance, related to such work, have been confined to investigations of flux distribution and temperature on flat-plate, hemispherical, and cavity receivers at the focal spot. Heat conduction away from the focal spot usually has not been considered. The present investigation is concerned with the analysis of fluxes and temperatures that can be attained in tensile specimens undergoing mechanical tests. Account is taken of heat loss by conduction and reradiation. It is shown that, (a) attainable temperatures are considerably lower than those reached in flat-plate receivers, (b) with normal low-aperture furnaces (i. e., 60 deg) a large furnace is necessary to reach high temperatures with adequately large specimens, and (c) furnaces best-adapted to mechanical testing would have larger apertures (120 deg) than are now commonly conceived.

The flux through the focal spot of a solar furnace

Solar Energy ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Jose
Keyword(s):  
Focal Spot ◽  
Solar Furnace

scholarly journals Operating at High TemperaturesContribution to the Magneto-Thermal Modeling of SRM Operating at High Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Karim Alitouche ◽  
Hocine Menana ◽  
Jihane Khalfi ◽  
Noureddine Takorabet ◽  
Rachid Saou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Modeling ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Switched Reluctance ◽  
Thermal Properties Of Materials ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Modeling Strategy

In this paper, we present a simplified magneto-thermal modeling strategy for switched reluctance electrical machines (SRM) operating at high temperatures. In addition to the magnetic non-linearity, the variations of the electromagnetic and thermal properties of materials with the temperature are taken also into account. The rapidity of the proposed approach makes it compatible with a CAD approach.

Determination of precision conditions for measuring relative values in mechanical tests of various materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Lohanina ◽  
Olga V. Baranova ◽  
Larisa V. Trubacheva
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Metrological Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Uniformity Of Measurements ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Abrasive Disk ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements

The problem of insufficient detail of the requirements for the developed and certified measurement methods used in mechanical testing of various materials is considered. The compatibility of the requirements of metrological support for the results of quantitative chemical analysis and indirect results of mechanical tests for the wear resistance of materials when rubbing against a fixed abrasive is relevant. To ensure the accuracy of measurements, it is proposed to use the grain size of the abrasive material and the rotation speed of the abrasive disk as variable factors. In order to establish the requirements for the metrological characteristics of materials during mechanical tests, in particular, when determining the relative wear resistance, the conditions for precision measurements are justified. The results of a multi-stage experiment-testing of materials for wear resistance with the use of various research and consumables, measuring instruments and testing equipment are presented. The conditions for the organization of the experiment in the case of determining other relative mechanical characteristics of the materials under study for establishing precision indicators in the development of methods of mechanical tests for abrasive wear are proposed and justified. The application of the obtained results will allow developers of mechanical testing methods to establish metrological characteristics of materials in compliance with all the requirements of the State System for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements of the Russian Federation.

The SCATMES Device for Measurement of Concentrated Solar Radiation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Neumann ◽  
A. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Concentrated Solar Radiation ◽  
Compact Geometry

Video camera systems monitoring a diffuse reflecting target for measuring the flux distribution of concentrated solar radiation are quite common. This technique cannot be used if parts of the experimental setup screen the surface of the target. The development of a new measurement system with a compact geometry and a new optical design is described. With this system it is possible to measure the flux distribution behind parts of an experiment and at any position of the plane of measurement, without any alteration of the setup. The sources of error, especially those of the target and the camera, are described and discussed, and finally a comparison to the existing FATMES-System, which has been performed at the solar furnace of the DLR in Cologne, is presented. Due to its measurement principle the new system is called ’Scanning Camera and Target Measurement System‘ (acronym: SCATMES).

Analytical Methods to Evaluate Flux Distributions From Point-Focus Collectors for Solar Furnace and Dish Engine Applications

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford K. Ho ◽  
Siri S. Khalsa ◽  
Nathan P. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Analytical Function

This paper introduces a new analytical “stretch” function that accurately predicts the flux distribution from on-axis point-focus collectors. Different dish sizes and slope errors can be assessed using this analytical function with a ratio of the focal length to collector diameter fixed at 0.6 to yield the maximum concentration ratio. Results are compared to data, and the stretch function is shown to provide more accurate flux distributions than other analytical methods employing cone optics.

scholarly journals Thermomechanical properties of mullitic materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Urbánek ◽  
Jiří Hamácek ◽  
Jan Machácek ◽  
Jaroslav Kutzendörfer ◽  
Jana Hubálková
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Refractory Materials

Mechanical tests provide important information about the properties and behaviour of materials. Basic tests include the measurement of flexural strength and in case of refractory materials, the measurement of flexural strength at high temperatures as well. The dependence of flexural strength on the temperature of ceramic materials usually exhibits a constant progression up to a certain temperature, where the material starts to melt and so the curve begins to decline. However, it was discovered that ceramic mullitic material with a 63 wt.% of Al2O3 exhibits a relatively significant maximum level of flexural strength at about 1000?C and refractory mullitic material with a 60 wt.% of Al2O3 also exhibits a similar maximum level at about 1100?C. The mentioned maximum is easily reproducible, but it has no connection with the usual changes in structure of material during heating. The maximum was also identified by another measurement, for example from the progression of the dynamic Young?s modulus or from deflection curves. The aim of this work was to analyse and explain the reason for the flexural strength maximum of mullitic materials at high temperatures.

Residual strength of high strength concentric column-SFRC flat plate exposed to high temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 204-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid H. Arna'ot ◽  
Ahmmad A. Abbass ◽  
Ahmed Abbas Abualtemen ◽  
Sallal R. Abid ◽  
Mustafa Özakça
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
High Strength
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