Radioisotope Power-Generating System for a Manned Space Laboratory

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Duane Tonelli ◽  
Edward P. Regnier
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Space Vehicles ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Secondary Power

The results of a Douglas sponsored study of radioisotope secondary power-generating systems for space applications are presented. The study results are applicable to various space vehicles and missions requiring 4 kw or more of electrical power. The first generation of manned vehicles where a radioisotope power system is potentially applicable include the Extended Apollo and MOL type earth-orbiting laboratories. For this reason, the study results were applied to selecting a radioisotope power system for a small manned orbiting laboratory. The laboratory considered is capable of being launched in the post-1968 time period by a Titan 3C booster. An argon Brayton cycle, Dowtherm A Rankine cycle, and thermoelectric systems were investigated as possible secondary power systems capable of generating 4 kw of electrical power for the vehicle subsystem. Tradeoffs in weight, radiator-area requirement, development risk and isotope availability and cost were performed for the various systems. On the basis of the tradeoffs and the 4-kw design load, the argon Brayton cycle system was recommended.

Analysis between graph-based and Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF)-based model reduction methods in Electric Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego A. Monroy-Ortiz ◽  
Sergio A. Dorado-Rojas ◽  
Eduardo Mojica-Nava ◽  
Sergio Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Model Reduction ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Schur Complement ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Admittance Matrix ◽  
Test Beds ◽  
Power Transfer Distribution Factors

Abstract This article presents a comparison between two different methods to perform model reduction of an Electrical Power System (EPS). The first is the well-known Kron Reduction Method (KRM) that is used to remove the interior nodes (also known as internal, passive, or load nodes) of an EPS. This method computes the Schur complement of the primitive admittance matrix of an EPS to obtain a reduced model that preserves the information of the system as seen from to the generation nodes. Since the primitive admittance matrix is equivalent to the Laplacian of a graph that represents the interconnections between the nodes of an EPS, this procedure is also significant from the perspective of graph theory. On the other hand, the second procedure based on Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) uses approximations of DC power flows to define regions to be reduced within the system. In this study, both techniques were applied to obtain reduced-order models of two test beds: a 14-node IEEE system and the Colombian power system (1116 buses), in order to test scalability. In analyzing the reduction of the test beds, the characteristics of each method were classified and compiled in order to know its advantages depending on the type of application. Finally, it was found that the PTDF technique is more robust in terms of the definition of power transfer in congestion zones, while the KRM method may be more accurate.

scholarly journals Wind integrated power system to reduce emission: An application of Bat algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Ramesh Devarapalli ◽  
H. Malik ◽  
Sravana Kumar Bali ◽  
Fausto Pedro García Márquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Electrical Power Systems ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
Automation Technology

The trend of increasing demand creates a gap between generation and load in the field of electrical power systems. This is one of the significant problems for the science, where it require to add new generating units or use of novel automation technology for the better utilization of the existing generating units. The automation technology highly recommends the use of speedy and effective algorithms in optimal parameter adjustment for the system components. So newly developed nature inspired Bat Algorithm (BA) applied to discover the control parameters. In this scenario, this paper considers the minimization of real power generation cost with emission as an objective. Further, to improve the power system performance and reduction in the emission, two of the thermal plants were replaced with wind power plants. In addition, to boost the voltage profile, Static VAR Compensator (SVC) has been integrated. The proposed case study, i.e., considering wind plant and SVC with BA, is applied on the IEEE30 bus system. Due to the incorporation of wind plants into the system, the emission output is reduced, and with the application of SVC voltage profile improved.

BASIN CONFIGURATION OF A SIX-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF AN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 1333-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHISUKE UEDA ◽  
HIROYUKI AMANO ◽  
RALPH H. ABRAHAM ◽  
H. BRUCE STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Electrical Power System

As part of an ongoing project on the stability of massively complex electrical power systems, we discuss the global geometric structure of contacts among the basins of attraction of a six-dimensional dynamical system. This system represents a simple model of an electrical power system involving three machines and an infinite bus. Apart from the possible occurrence of attractors representing pathological states, the contacts between the basins have a practical importance, from the point of view of the operation of a real electrical power system. With the aid of a global map of basins, one could hope to design an intervention strategy to boot the power system back into its normal state. Our method involves taking two-dimensional sections of the six-dimensional state space, and then determining the basins directly by numerical simulation from a dense grid of initial conditions. The relations among all the basins are given for a specific numerical example, that is, choosing particular values for the parameters in our model.

Development of the Trilateral Flash Cycle System: Part 1: Fundamental Considerations

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
I K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
World Market ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Cycle Systems ◽  
Power Recovery

The world market for systems for power recovery from low-grade heat sources is of the order of £1 billion per annum. Many of these sources are hot liquids or gases from which conventional power systems convert less than 2.5 per cent of the available heat into useful power when the fluid is initially at a temperature of 100° C rising to 8–9 per cent at an initial temperature of 200°C. Consideration of the maximum work recoverable from such single-phase heat sources leads to the concept of an ideal trilateral cycle as the optimum means of power recovery. The trilateral flash cycle (TFC) system is one means of approaching this ideal which involves liquid heating only and two-phase expansion of vapour. Previous work related to this is reviewed and details of analytical studies are given which compare such a system with various types of simple Rankine cycle. It is shown that provided two-phase expanders can be made to attain adiabatic efficiencies of more than 75 per cent, the TFC system can produce outputs of up to 80 per cent more than simple Rankine cycle systems in the recovery of power from hot liquid streams in the 100–200°C temperature range. The estimated cost per unit net output is approximately equal to that of Rankine cycle systems. The preferred working fluids for TFC power plants are light hydrocarbons.

A Review of the Smart Grid Concept for Electrical Power System

2022 ◽  
pp. 1361-1385
Author(s):  
Amam Hossain Bagdadee ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Electrical Power System

The review this article conducts is an extensive analysis of the concept of a smart grid framework with the most sophisticated smart grid innovation and some basic information about smart grid soundness. Smart grids as a new scheme for energy and a future generation framework encourages the expansion of information and progress. The smart grid framework concord will potentially take years. In this article, the focus is on developing smart networks within the framework of electric power systems.

Combined Cycle and Waste Heat Recovery Power Systems Based on a Novel Thermodynamic Energy Cycle Utilizing Low-Temperature Heat for Power Generation

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Kalina
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
General Motors ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Energy Cycle ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Thermodynamic Energy

A new thermodynamic energy cycle has been developed, using a multicomponent working agent. Condensation is supplemented with absorption, following expansion in the turbine. Several combined power systems based on this cycle have been designed and cost-estimated. Efficiencies of these new systems are 1.35 to 1.5 times higher than the best Rankine Cycle system, at the same border conditions. Investment cost per unit of power output is about two-thirds of the cost of a comparable Rankine Cycle system. Results make cogeneration economically attractive at current energy prices. The first experimental installation is planned by Fayette Manufacturing Company and Detroit Diesel Allison Division of General Motors.

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