Calibration Techniques in Ultrahigh-Pressure Apparatus

1961 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Bundy
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Absolute Accuracy ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Pressure Calibration ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Calibration Techniques

Pressure and temperature calibration of ultrahigh-pressure apparatus is described. Pressure calibration up to 30 kilobars has been established accurately. Above this pressures are not known with sufficient absolute accuracy to compare results reliably with theoretical predictions of behavior of matter. The effect of pressure on temperature-sensing devices, like thermocouples, have been measured over temperature intervals of 100 deg C up to pressures of the order of 100 kilobars. The effect on some thermocouples is appreciable.

scholarly journals Distributed Temperature Sensing Monitoring of Well Completion Processes in a CO2 Geological Storage Demonstration Site

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasom Lee ◽  
Kwon Park ◽  
Changhyun Lee ◽  
Sang-Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Gravel Packing

The Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) profiles obtained during well completion of a CO2 monitoring well were analyzed to characterize each well completion process in terms of temperature anomalies. Before analysis, we corrected the depth by redistributing the discrepancy, and then explored three temperature calibration methods. Consequently, we confirmed the depth discrepancy could be well corrected with conventional error redistribution techniques. Among three temperature calibration methods, the conventional method shows the best results. However, pointwise methods using heat coil or in-well divers also showed reliable accuracy, which allows them to be alternatives when the conventional method is not affordable. The DTS data revealed that each well completion processes can be characterized by their own distinctive temperature anomaly patterns. During gravel packing, the sand progression was monitorable with clear step-like temperature change due to the thermal bridge effect of sand. The DTS data during the cementing operation, also, clearly showed the progression up of the cement slurry and the exothermic reaction associated with curing of cement. During gas lift operations, we could observe the effect of casing transition as well as typical highly oscillating thermal response to gas lifting.

Effect of reflected molecules on rotational temperature measurements with rocketborne electron beam fluorescence probes

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Haasz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Rotational Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Molecular Flow ◽  
Free Molecular Flow ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Black Brant ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Theoretical predictions were obtained for the effect of reflected nitrogen molecules on rotational temperature measurements with rocketborne electron beam fluorescence probes in the free molecular flow regime. Calculations for a typical payload (Black Brant AEF-II-118 flown from Fort Churchill, Man., Canada) indicate that the effect of reflected molecules can be significant and should be considered in the derivation of the theoretical temperature calibration curves.

scholarly journals Computational searches for crystal structures of dioxides of group 14 elements (CO2, SiO2, GeO2) under ultrahigh pressure

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 22156-22163
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Nabata ◽  
Makito Takagi ◽  
Kenichiro Saita ◽  
Satoshi Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Effect Of Pressure ◽  
Group 14 Elements

In this study, we focused on the effect of pressure on the crystal structures of dioxides of group 14 elements, i.e. SiO2, GeO2, and CO2.

Infrared Scanning Using Radiance vs. Temperature Calibration Techniques to Determine Actual Temperature of an Electronic Component

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dickey
Keyword(s):  
Test Sample ◽  
Significant Error ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Sample Temperature ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Actual Temperature ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Infrared Scanning ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Calibration Techniques

Abstract It is necessary to understand the limitations of an automated InfraRed (IR) system when using it for temperature measurements. These systems correct for emissivity of the test sample by heating the unpowered sample and taking radiance measurements at two temperatures. For the specific sample that was analyzed, the temperature of the area of interest of the powered sample was higher than the two temperatures used for emissivity correction. This resulted in a significant error in the temperature calculated by the system. The use of direct radiance measurements provided an accurate measurement of the sample temperature.

scholarly journals Distortion Induced Structural Characteristics of Ba2R2/3TeO6 (R =Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) Double Perovskites and its Multifunction Optical Properties in Lighting and Ratiometric Temperature Sensing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sariga C. Lal ◽  
I. N. Jawahar ◽  
G. Subodh
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Double Perovskites ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Raman And Ir Spectra

Group theoretical predictions obtained from Raman and IR spectra emphasize the structure of B-site ordered double perovskites Ba2R2/3TeO6 (R =Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) with ubiquitous...

Standard Gain Horns for Solar Calibration

1967 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wielebinski
Keyword(s):  
Low Noise ◽  
Solar Flux ◽  
Absolute Calibration ◽  
Temperature Calibration ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Microwave Components ◽  
Pyramidal Horn ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Calibration Techniques

The accuracy of the absolute value of solar flux depends on the temperature calibration techniques and the knowledge of the gain of the aerial used for the measurements. Recent advances in low-noise receivers, microwave components, and amplifier stability have reduced considerably the errors due to temperature calibration techniques. At present the knowledge of the gain of the aerial used for calibrations (usually a pyramidal horn) presents the largest source of doubt of an absolute calibration. Investigations of this problem suggest that a ‘standard gain horn’ should be employed at all observatories in absolute solar calibrations.

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