Long-Term Rupture Strength of Alloys and Plastics From Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperatures

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Goldfein
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Chemical Equation

This paper covers an investigation to determine if the long-term, tensile stress-rupture strength of alloys could be calculated from the results of static tensile-strength tests at elevated temperatures. Twenty-one alloys were investigated. A second-order form of a mechanical-chemical equation of state was used to draw master rupture curves from both long-term rupture and tensile-strength data. It is concluded that the long-term strength of an alloy can be computed from a knowledge of its tensile strength at elevated temperatures, prior history, chemical composition, and mode of failure.

TECHALLOY WASPALOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Corrosion And Oxidation

Abstract TECHALLOY WASPALOY, a nickel-base austenitic precipitation-hardenable alloy, derives its high strength at elevated temperatures from additions of the solid-solution strengthening elements molybdenum, cobalt and chromium and from aluminum and titanium which produce age hardening. Boron and zirconium additions also have been made to obtain optimum stress-rupture strength. It has excellent strength and good resistance to corrosion and oxidation at least to 1600 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-243. Producer or source: Techalloy Company Inc..

Evaluation of Stress Rupture Factors for Grade 91 Weldments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Creep Rupture ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Creep Rupture Strength ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Grade 91

Stress rupture factors and weld strength reduction factors for Grade 91 weldments in the codes and literatures have been reviewed. Stress rupture factors for weld metals proposed for Code Case N-47 in the mid 1980’s was defined as the average rupture strength of the deposited filler metal to the average rupture strength of the base metal. Remarkable drop in creep rupture strength of weldments is significant issue of Grade 91, especially in the low-stress and long-term regime. A premature failure of Grade 91 weldments in the long-term, however, is caused by Type IV failure which takes place in the fine grained heat affected zone (FG-HAZ), rather than fracture in the deposited weld metal. The stress rupture factor of the Grade 91 steel, therefore, was based on the creep rupture strength of cross weld test specimens. Time and temperature dependent stress rupture factors for Grade 91 have been estimated based on the average creep rupture strength of cross weld test specimen to the average creep rupture strength of base metal.

scholarly journals Effect of Long Term Service at Elevated Temperatures on Mechanical Properties of Manaurite XM Reformer Tubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
J. Łabanowski ◽  
M. Jurkowski ◽  
M. Landowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Reformer Tubes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Microstructure transformations occur in the Manaurite XM cast steel tubes during long-term operation in the reformer furnace were revealed and described. The relationship between mechanical properties, an increase of internal diameter of the tube and microstructure degradation is discussed. Static tensile test was performed on two types of samples with different shapes. It has been shown differences in the results of tests and an explanation of this phenomenon.

Long-Term Strength and Design of Polyethylene Compounds for Pressure Pipe Applications

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Boros
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Hydrostatic Stress ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Term Strength ◽  
Viscoelastic Creep ◽  
Pressure Pipe ◽  
Code Language

The interest in using polyethylene pipe in Class 3 safety water systems in nuclear power plants has grown tremendously in the last few years. PE pipe brings a host of benefits to the application in the form of long-term performance and reliability due to not being prone to corrosion and tuberculation. As the work continues through various ASME committees to develop the appropriate code language for the design and use of PE pipe, it is clear that plastics are not evaluated the same way metallic components would be in similar applications. However, the nature of the failure (i.e. ductile or brittle) is important for both. This paper will give an overview of the methodology used to establish the long-term hydrostatic strength of polyethylene compounds, and how that strength is used for engineering design in a safe a reliable manner. The strength of a polyethylene compound, being a thermoplastic, cannot be determined from a short-term tensile strength test, as with most metals. As such, testing and evaluation methodologies have been developed which take into account the viscoelastic creep response of thermoplastics, as well as potential changes in failure mode, in order to forecast the long-term hydrostatic strength of these materials so they can be safely used in a pressure pipe application. Since PE was first used in a piping application in the late 1950s, PE has continued to evolve as have the methodologies used to evaluate its strength against stresses induced by hydrostatic pressure. The common method for evaluation relies on putting specimens under multiple continuous, steady-state stress levels until failure. These data points are then used in a log-log linear regression evaluation. This regression equation is then extrapolated to a point sufficiently further out in time to where a long-term strength can be established. It has been clearly established that over a temperature range that the stress rupture behavior of PE follows an Arrhenius, or rate process, relationship between temperature and strength. By testing at elevated temperatures it can be “validated” that the extrapolation remains linear and ductile beyond the actual test data. This and other criteria established by ASTM D 2837 and the Plastics Pipe Institute’s Hydrostatic Stress Board allow for establishing an appropriate maximum working stress that will assure a very long design life.

scholarly journals Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Ceramic Joints for High Temperature SiC/SiC Composites

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Singh ◽  
Edgar Lara-Curzio
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Carbide Matrix ◽  
Sic Composites ◽  
Stress Rupture Testing

Various issues associated with the design and mechanical evaluation of joints of ceramic matrix composites are discussed. The specific case of an affordable, robust ceramic joining technology (ARCJoinT) to join silicon carbide (CG-Nicalon™) fiber-reinforced-chemically vapor infiltrated (CVI) silicon carbide matrix composites is addressed. Experimental results are presented for the time and temperature dependence of the shear strength of these joints in air up to 1200°C. From compression testing of double-notched joint specimens with a notch separation of 4 mm, it was found that the apparent shear strength of the joints decreased from 92 MPa at room temperature to 71 MPa at 1200°C. From shear stress-rupture testing in air at 1200°C it was found that the shear strength of the joints decreased rapidly with time from an initial shear strength of 71 MPa to 17.5 MPa after 14.3 hours. The implications of these results in relation to the expected long-term service life of these joints in applications at elevated temperatures are discussed.

Metallurgical Studies on Gas Turbine Blade Materials After a Long Term Service

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Susukida ◽  
D. Sunamoto ◽  
Y. Sakumoto
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Gas Turbine Blade ◽  
Stress Rupture Properties ◽  
Similar Temperature ◽  
Rupture Properties

This paper deals with the changes of tensile, impact, and stress-rupture properties and microstructure of gas turbine blade materials due to long term heating at the temperature of 650 C (1200 F) to 800 C (1470 F) for up to 10,000 hr or due to the service operation at similar temperature range on several occasions in 34,000 hr. The relation between the above changes of the properties and the thermal fatigue strength, and the stress-rupture strength and the fatigue strength at 700 C (1292 F) and 750 C (1382 F) under corrosive environment containing vanadium and/or sulfur were also investigated. The materials involved are several heat resisting alloys such as Inconel 700, Inconel X, S816. Useful information for selection of gas turbine blade materials was obtained.

A method of creep and stress-rupture strength tests of tubular elements

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1115-1119
Author(s):  
V. V. Kashelkin ◽  
Yu. I. Kozyrev ◽  
E. A. Myakotin ◽  
S. A. Shestirikov
Keyword(s):  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Creep And Stress Rupture ◽  
Stress Rupture Strength ◽  
Strength Tests

scholarly journals Development and Fabrication of Ceramic Gas Turbine Components

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Tanaka ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Toshifumi Kubo ◽  
Makoto Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Ceramic Components

Kyocera has been developing various ceramic components for gas turbines under the Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Project funded by the Japanese Government. This project has set a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1350°C as a final target. For 1350°C TIT, we have developed a new silicon nitride material SN281, which has high stress rupture strength at elevated temperatures up to 1500°C. This material has excellent oxidation resistance as well. We have also developed improved sintering and inspection technologies for the use of SN281 as engine components. We are able to fabricate rotors and nozzles of the gas generator turbine (GGT) in good agreement with design geometry requirements, by optimizing sintering conditions. Small defects were also successfully detected by microfocus X-ray radiography. The SN281 rotors have attained 120% of design rotating speed at room temperature.

Stress and strain measurements in static tensile tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Adamczak ◽  
Jerzy Bochnia ◽  
Czesław Kundera
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Limiting Errors

Abstract The paper deals with the accuracy of measurements of strains (elongation and necking) and stresses (tensile strength) in static room-temperature tensile strength tests. We present methods for calculating measurement errors and uncertainties, and discuss the determination of the limiting errors of the quantities measured for circular and rectangular specimens, which is illustrated with examples.

UDIMET M-252

Alloy Digest ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Induction Method ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment

Abstract UDIMET M-252 is a vacuum induction method alloy recommended for heavy-duty high temperature applications in the range 1300-1600 F. It has good stress-rupture strength, fatigue strength and mechanical strength at elevated temperatures. The alloy responds to an age-hardening heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-124. Producer or source: Special Metals Inc..

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