Design and Analysis of Commercial Pressure Vessels to 500,000 Psi

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Berman
Keyword(s):  
Material Property ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
New Method ◽  
Flow Strength ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Shrink Fit ◽  
Very High

On the basis of the finiteness of the flow strength of structural materials, the pressures permitted by current methods of pressure vessel design are limited. In this paper the analysis of a new method of design of commercial large volume pressure vessels is presented. This new design, which is a controlled fluid fill, may be used for many excursions to very high pressures without failure. The pressure that may be attained seems limited only by material property changes at extreme hydrostatic pressures. Large volume commercial vessels to 500,000 psi with reasonable outer to inner diameters may be built. The controlled fluid-fill pressure vessels in addition to piercing the current upper pressure barrier is also competitive with the shrink-fit method at pressures as low as 15,000 psi.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Xenon Propellant Storage: Are Nanoporous Materials Worth the Weight?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T. Huynh ◽  
Nickolas Gantzler ◽  
Samuel Hough ◽  
David Roundy ◽  
Praveen K. Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Nanoporous Materials ◽  
Bulk Storage ◽  
Xenon Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Metal Organic

Xenon is used as a propellant for spacecraft. Conventionally, xenon is compressed to high pressures (75-300 bar) for bulk storage onboard the spacecraft. An adsorbed xenon storage system based on nanoporous materials (NPMs) could, potentially, (i) reduce the storage pressures, (ii) allow for thinner-walled and lighter pressure vessels, and (iii) if the NPM itself is sufficiently light, reduce the overall mass of the storage system and thus of the payload of the rocket launch.<br><br>To investigate, we develop a simple mathematical model of an adsorbed xenon storage system by coupling a mechanical model for the pressure vessel and a thermodynamic model for the density of xenon adsorbed in the NPM. From the model, we derive the optimal storage pressure, tailored to each NPM, with the objective of minimizing the mass of the storage materials (walls of the pressure vessel + NPM) required to store the xenon. The model enables us to: (i) rank NPMs for adsorbed xenon propellant storage, (ii) compare adsorbed storage to the baseline of bulk storage, and (iii) understand what properties of NPMs are desirable for adsorbed xenon propellant storage.<br><br>We use the model to evaluate several NPMs, mostly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), for adsorbed xenon propellant storage at room temperature, using experimental xenon adsorption data as input. We find Ni-MOF-74 and MOF-505 outperform the traditional adsorbent, activated carbon. However, we find each optimized adsorbed xenon storage system is heavier than the optimized bulk storage system, owing dominantly to the large mass of the NPM itself. Our model suggests that, for a NPM to provide a lighter adsorbed xenon storage system compared to bulk storage, the saturation loading of xenon in the adsorbent must exceed ca. 94 mmol Xe/g adsorbent.

Effects of Axial Assembly Stress in Compound Cylinders

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
B. N. Cole ◽  
B. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Approximate Analysis ◽  
Shrink Fit

Sometimes negligible and sometimes not, axial assembly stresses in compound pressure vessels continue to be largely ignored. The paper offers an approximate analysis of the manners in which these stresses may arise, and describes their final distributions, for the two cases of force-fit and shrink-fit assembly. Possible implications for the pressure vessel when in service are discussed.

Photoelastic investigation of stress intensifications in the interacting nozzle attachment region of pressure vessels

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
K B Mulchandani ◽  
D P Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Isochromatic Fringe ◽  
Photoelastic Investigation ◽  
Opening Mode ◽  
Attachment Region ◽  
Photoelastic Data ◽  
Radial Nozzle

In this paper, the problem of determining the opening mode (mode I) stress intensity factor (SIF) from the photoelastic isochromatic fringe pattern associated with a surface crack located in the ligament region between two radial nozzle-cylinder junctions of pressure vessel has been investigated. The objective is to determine the influence of geometry, size and location of the surface flaw with respect to the radial nozzles. Starting from the crack tip stress field formulation of Etheridge and Dally using three parameters (1)† a new method suited to the analysis of photoelastic data obtained from a single isochromatic fringe loop to extract the SIF has been introduced. This new method has been used to predict SIFs for a range of pressure vessel nozzle spacings when photoelastic models are subjected to internal pressure loading.

A New Method for Preventing Plastic Collapse of Ellipsoidal Head Under Internal Pressure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keming Li ◽  
Jinyang Zheng ◽  
Zekun Zhang ◽  
Chaohua Gu ◽  
Ping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
New Method ◽  
Plastic Collapse ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Margin Of Safety

Abstract Ellipsoidal head is a common end closure of pressure vessel. Plastic collapse is a crucial failure mode considered in the design of ellipsoidal head subjected to internal pressure. Internally pressurized ellipsoidal head tends to be hemisphere (geometric strengthening) due to the effect of material hardening before plastic collapse occurs, which enhances load carrying capacity of ellipsoidal head. However, in the current pressure vessel codes such as ASME BPVC.VIII.1 and BPVC.VIII.2, EN 13445-3, and Chinese codes GB/T 150.3 and JB 4732, design methods based on linear elastic or perfectly-plastic theory are used to prevent plastic collapse of ellipsoidal head, leading to conservative design. Therefore, we developed a new method for preventing plastic collapse of ellipsoidal head under internal pressure, considering the effects of material hardening and geometric strengthening. The new method was developed on basis of our previous extensive work on finite element analysis and experiments for plastic collapse of internally pressurized ellipsoidal heads. The new method provides sufficient margin of safety by checking against the experimental bursting results of full-scale ellipsoidal heads with various geometries, various material types and various manufacturing methods. Compared with the design methods in the current pressure vessel codes, the new method shows an advantage of economy. This new method had been approved by China Standardization Committee on Boilers and Pressure Vessels, and at present it has been introduced into the Chinese pressure vessel code.

Chemical kinetics at very high pressures. 2. A new method of distinguishing between SN1 and SN2 solvolyses

1988 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 3417-3421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Cameron ◽  
Preet P. S. Saluja ◽  
M. Antonio Floriano ◽  
Edward Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
New Method ◽  
Very High

Design of shrunk-fit pressure vessels: A short graphical method

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
H E Enahoro
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Graphical Method ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
New Method ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Great Saving ◽  
Graphical Technique

A short graphical method is developed from the existing standard graphical technique for the solution of problems on shrunk-fit pressure-vessel design. Examples are provided to illustrate the versatility of the new method and the great saving in time as compared with both the tedious anlytical solutions that are readily available in text books and the existing graphical method with its complex pattern of lines.

Power Actuated Pressure Relief Valve for High Pressure Vessels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders C. Tra¨ff ◽  
Peter C. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Pressure Medium ◽  
Pressure Relief Valves ◽  
Very High

The pressure required for treatment of food ranges from 300 to 600 MPa, depending on the food being processed and the desired results, higher pressure giving better and more economical results. However, there are currently no predictable, reliable, and repeatable safety devices available for very high pressures like 600 MPa. Rupture disks have a short life at these pressures, and pressure relief valves for very high pressure are not repeatable. Thus the possibility of using a system design is an attractive alternative that will make the overpressure protection more reliable and controllable. In current applications, high-pressure vessels normally operate from a few MPa to 200 MPa, for example when extracting substances, compacting powder materials, or healing defects in materials. The pressure medium is typically a pure gas or a liquid. Here existing devises serve their purpose. The request for mild treatment of food to enhance safety and quality has created a niche for very high pressure. With this new technique the food is treated at low temperature and high pressure for a short time. The treatment inactivates micro organisms but maintains the nutritional and organoleptic values of the food, achieving a food with high quality and increased safety throughout its commercial shelf life.

scholarly journals Crack Classification of a Pressure Vessel Using Feature Selection and Deep Learning Methods

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjurul Islam ◽  
Muhammad Sohaib ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Jong-Myon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Crack Identification ◽  
Hybrid Features ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Highly Effective

Pressure vessels (PV) are designed to hold liquids, gases, or vapors at high pressures in various industries, but a ruptured pressure vessel can be incredibly dangerous if cracks are not detected in the early stage. This paper proposes a robust crack identification technique for pressure vessels using genetic algorithm (GA)-based feature selection and a deep neural network (DNN) in an acoustic emission (AE) examination. First, hybrid features are extracted from multiple AE sensors that represent diverse symptoms of pressure vessel faults. These features stem from various signal processing domains, such as the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain. Heterogenous features from various channels ensure a robust feature extraction process but are high-dimensional, so may contain irrelevant and redundant features. This can cause a degraded classification performance. Therefore, we use GA with a new objective function to select the most discriminant features that are highly effective for the DNN classifier when identifying crack types. The potency of the proposed method (GA + DNN) is demonstrated using AE data obtained from a self-designed pressure vessel. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is highly effective at selecting discriminant features. These features are used as the input of the DNN classifier, achieving a 94.67% classification accuracy.

scholarly journals Adsorbed Xenon Propellant Storage: Are Nanoporous Materials Worth the Weight?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie T. Huynh ◽  
Nickolas Gantzler ◽  
Samuel Hough ◽  
David Roundy ◽  
Praveen K. Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Nanoporous Materials ◽  
Bulk Storage ◽  
Xenon Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Metal Organic

Xenon is used as a propellant for spacecraft. Conventionally, xenon is compressed to high pressures (75-300 bar) for bulk storage onboard the spacecraft. An adsorbed xenon storage system based on nanoporous materials (NPMs) could, potentially, (i) reduce the storage pressures, (ii) allow for thinner-walled and lighter pressure vessels, and (iii) if the NPM itself is sufficiently light, reduce the overall mass of the storage system and thus of the payload of the rocket launch.<br><br>To investigate, we develop a simple mathematical model of an adsorbed xenon storage system by coupling a mechanical model for the pressure vessel and a thermodynamic model for the density of xenon adsorbed in the NPM. From the model, we derive the optimal storage pressure, tailored to each NPM, with the objective of minimizing the mass of the storage materials (walls of the pressure vessel + NPM) required to store the xenon. The model enables us to: (i) rank NPMs for adsorbed xenon propellant storage, (ii) compare adsorbed storage to the baseline of bulk storage, and (iii) understand what properties of NPMs are desirable for adsorbed xenon propellant storage.<br><br>We use the model to evaluate several NPMs, mostly metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), for adsorbed xenon propellant storage at room temperature, using experimental xenon adsorption data as input. We find Ni-MOF-74 and MOF-505 outperform the traditional adsorbent, activated carbon. However, we find each optimized adsorbed xenon storage system is heavier than the optimized bulk storage system, owing dominantly to the large mass of the NPM itself. Our model suggests that, for a NPM to provide a lighter adsorbed xenon storage system compared to bulk storage, the saturation loading of xenon in the adsorbent must exceed ca. 94 mmol Xe/g adsorbent.

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