A Mathematical Model For Steady Operation of Stirling-Type Engines

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Qvale ◽  
J. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Flow Friction ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
Good Agreement

A mathematical model of Stirling-type engines has been developed. The complexity of the problem has been reduced by analyzing the various components of the engine (heat exchangers, regenerator, and cylinders) separately for cyclically steady conditions, and by selecting pressure, temperature, and mass as the independent variables. The required piston displacements are a computed result. Losses due to flow friction, piston blow-by, and finite heat transfer rates have been accounted for by applying correction factors to the basic performance which is computed without these effects. The theory has been carried out for engines, but it is equally valid for refrigerators with minor modification. The theory is in good agreement with available experimental data.

Estimation of a Nusselt Correlation for the Numerical Prediction of Frost Thickness on a Tube Banks of Triangular Arrangement

2014 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Raquel da Cunha Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
C.T. Salinas ◽  
P.A. Delgado ◽  
K.A.R. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Tube Bank ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Complex Heat Transfer ◽  
Tube Banks ◽  
The Heat Transfer Coefficient

This paper presents a frost numerical model for predicting the frosting behavior in terms of the correlation of the heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number. In this work the correlations of the Nusselt number from various references is examined and compared with experimental data. In this study, a mathematical model that can predict the behavior of the frost growth on a bank of triangularly arranged tubes is developed. Because of the complex heat transfer during frost formation on a tube bank, this subject is receiving much attention. Heat transfer in flow across a bank of tubes has particular importance in the design of heat exchangers. For this study various empirical relations are analyzed to determine the Nusselt number and compared with experimental data.

The Analysis of Non-Fourier Heat Transfer Mechanism on Thermal Conductivity for Nanofluids

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurij Avsec ◽  
Maks Oblak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Heat Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Brown Motion ◽  
Good Agreement

The paper features the mathematical model representing the analytical calculation of thermal conductivity for nanofluids. The mathematical model was developed on the basis of statistical nano-mechanics. We have made the detailed analysis of the influence of temperature dependence on thermal conductivity for nanofluids. On this basis are taken into account the influences such as formation of nanolayer around nanoparticles, the Brown motion of solid nanoparticles and influence of diffusive-ballistic heat transport. The analytical results obtained by statistical mechanics are compared with the experimental data and they show relatively good agreement.

scholarly journals Application of porous materials in heat exchangers of heat supply system

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
N. V. Rydalina ◽  
B. G. Aksenov ◽  
O. A. Stepanov ◽  
E. O. Antonova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Porous Aluminum ◽  
Heat Exchange Equipment

Heat exchange capacity increase is one of the main concerns in the process of manufacturing modern heat exchange equipment. Constructing heat exchangers with porous metals is an advanced technique of heat exchange increase. A construction of heat exchangers with porous aluminum is described in this paper. The first heat transfer agent (hot water) flows through thin copper tubes installed within the porous aluminum. The second heat transfer agent (freon) flows through the pores of aluminum. Laboratory facility was created to study such a heat exchanger. Series of experiments were carried out. The purpose of the research presented here is to create a mathematical model of heat exchangers with porous metals, to perform analytical calculation of the heat exchangers and to confirm the results with the experimental data. In this case, one can`t use the standard methods of heat exchangers calculation because the pores inner surface area is indeterminate. The developed mathematical model is based on the equation describing the process of cooling the porous plate. A special mathematical technique is used to take into account the effect of tubes with water. The model is approximate but its solution is analytic. It is convenient. One can differentiate it or integrate it, which is very important. Comparison of calculated and experimental data is performed. Divergence of results is within the limits of experimental error. If freon volatilizes inside the heat exchanger, the heat of phase transition has to be taken into account alongside with heat capacity. The structure of the mathematical model makes it possible. The results presented in this paper prove the practicability of using porous materials in heat exchange equipment.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis and ANN prediction on performances of finned oval-tube heat exchanger under different air inlet angles with limited experimental data

Open Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 968-980
Author(s):  
Xueping Du ◽  
Zhijie Chen ◽  
Qi Meng ◽  
Yang Song
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Flow Friction ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oval Tube

Abstract A high accuracy of experimental correlations on the heat transfer and flow friction is always expected to calculate the unknown cases according to the limited experimental data from a heat exchanger experiment. However, certain errors will occur during the data processing by the traditional methods to obtain the experimental correlations for the heat transfer and friction. A dimensionless experimental correlation equation including angles is proposed to make the correlation have a wide range of applicability. Then, the artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to predict the heat transfer and flow friction performances of a finned oval-tube heat exchanger under four different air inlet angles with limited experimental data. The comparison results of ANN prediction with experimental correlations show that the errors from the ANN prediction are smaller than those from the classical correlations. The data of the four air inlet angles fitted separately have higher precisions than those fitted together. It is demonstrated that the ANN approach is more useful than experimental correlations to predict the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics for unknown cases of heat exchangers. The results can provide theoretical support for the application of the ANN used in the finned oval-tube heat exchanger performance prediction.

A Critical Review on the Determination of Pressure Drop During Condensation in Smooth and Enhanced Tubes

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Selim Dalkiliç ◽  
Ali Celen ◽  
Mohamed M. Awad ◽  
Somchai Wongwises
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Numerical Analyses ◽  
Enhanced Tubes

Heat exchangers using in-tube condensation have great significance in the refrigeration, automotive and process industries. Effective heat exchangers have been rapidly developed due to the demand for more compact systems, higher energy efficiency, lower material costs and other economic incentives. Enhanced surfaces, displaced enhancement devices, swirl-flow devices and surface tension devices improve the heat transfer coefficients in these heat exchangers. This study is a critical review on the determination of the condensation heat transfer coefficient of pure refrigerants flowing in vertical and horizontal tubes. The authors’ previous publications on this issue, including the experimental, theoretical and numerical analyses are summarized here. The lengths of the vertical and horizontal test sections varied between 0.5 m and 4 m countercurrent flow double-tube heat exchangers with refrigerant flowing in the inner tube and cooling water flowing in the annulus. The measured data are compared to theoretical and numerical predictions based on the solution of the artificial intelligence methods and CFD analyses for the condensation process in the smooth and enhanced tubes. The theoretical solutions are related to the design of double tube heat exchangers in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump applications. Detailed information on the in-tube condensation studies of heat transfer coefficient in the literature is given. A genetic algorithm (GA), various artificial neural network models (ANN) such as multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis networks (RBFN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and various optimization techniques such as unconstrained nonlinear minimization algorithm-Nelder-Mead method (NM), non-linear least squares error method (NLS), and Ansys CFD program are used in the numerical solutions. It is shown that the convective heat transfer coefficient of laminar and turbulent condensing film flows can be predicted by means of theoretical and numerical analyses reasonably well if there is a sufficient amount of reliable experimental data. Regression analysis gave convincing correlations, and the most suitable coefficients of the proposed correlations are depicted as compatible with the large number of experimental data by means of the computational numerical methods.

scholarly journals Execution of a Smart Prediction Tool to Evaluate Thermal Performance in a heat exchanger by using Single Elliptical Leaf Strips with altered Angle

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Generalized Regression Neural Network ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Mass Flow Rates

Heat exchangers are prominent industrial applications where engineering science of heat transfer and Mass transfer occurs. It is a contrivance where transfer of energy occurs to get output in the form of energy transfer. This paper aims at finding a solution to improve the thermal performance in a heat exchanger by using passive method techniques. This experimental and numerical analysis deals with finding the temperature outlets of cold and hot fluid for different mass flow rates and also pressure drop in the tube and the annular side by adding an elliptical leaf strip in the pipe at various angles. The single elliptical leaf used in experiment has major to minor axes ratios as 2:1 and distance of 50 mm between two leaves are arranged at different angular orientations from 0 0 to 1800 with 100 intervals. Since it’s not possible to find the heat transfer rates and pressure drops at every orientation of elliptical leaf so a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) prediction tool is used to get outputs with given inputs to avoid experimentation. GRNN is a statistical method of determining the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The values obtained from experimentation and GRNN nearly had precise values to each other. This analysis is a small step in regard with encomiastic approach for enhancement in performance of heat exchangers

scholarly journals Effect of the size of graded baffles on the performance of channel heat exchangers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2 Part A) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djamel Sahel ◽  
Houari Ameur ◽  
Touhami Baki
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Enhancement Of Heat Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Friction Factors

The baffling technique is well-known for its efficiency in terms of enhancement of heat transfer rates throught channels. However, the baffles insert is accompanied by an increase in the friction factor. This issue remains a great challenge for the designers of heat exchangers. To overcome this issue, we suggest in the present paper a new design of baffles which is here called graded baffle-design. The baffles have an up- or down-graded height along the channel length. This geometry is characterized by two ratios: up-graded baffle ratio and down-graded baffle ratio which are varied from 0-0.08. For a range of Reynolds number varying from 104 to 2 ? 104, the turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics of a heat exchanger channel are numerically studied by the computer code FLUENT. The obtained results revealed an enhancement in the thermohydraulic performance offered by the new suggested design. For the channel with a down-graded baffle ratio equal to 0.08, the friction factors decreased by 4-8%

Thermal Performance of a Heat Storage Module Using Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Heat Transfer Area ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Change Material

The thermal performance of an air-heated/cooled, phase-change, heat stoage module was tested and evaluated. The module (rated at 38.7 kWh) consist of 130 vertically oriented tubes filled with 729 kg (1607 lb) of calcium chloride hexahydrate and enclosed in a rectangular box. Heat transfer rates measured during charging and discharging decreased with time as a result of decreasing effective heat transfer area and increasing thermal resistance of the phase-change material. These two dominant effects are included in a proposed mathematical model that predicted the experimental data.

Post-Test Investigations of BFBT Critical Power Tests With Trace

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Thieme ◽  
Wolfgang Tietsch ◽  
Rafael Macian ◽  
Victor Hugo Sanchez Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
The Us ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Trace Model ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Transfer Models

The validation of heat transfer models of safety analysis codes such as TRACE is very important due to the strong interaction of the thermal hydraulics parameters with the core neutronics. TRACE is the reference system code of the US NRC for LWR. It is being developed and extensively validated within the international CAMP-program. In this paper, the validation of heat transfer models of TRACE related to the prediction of the critical power is presented. The validation is based on a large number of critical power tests performed in the NUPEC BFBT (BWR Full-Size Fine-Mesh Bundle Tests) facility in Japan. These tests were analysed with the TRACE Version 5 RC 2. The comparison of predictions with the experimental data shows good agreement. The developed TRACE model and the comparison of experimental data with code results will be presented and discussed.

Experimental and Numerical Studies of Heat Transfer in Human Uteri During Cryoablation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim S. Chen ◽  
Kevin Agnissey ◽  
Marla Wolfson ◽  
Charles Philips ◽  
Thomas Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Rubber Sheet ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Silicone Rubber Sheet ◽  
Nicolson Scheme ◽  
Sheet Good ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper presents experimental and numerical studies of transient heat transfer inside the uterus during application of a PFC (perfluorochemical) fluid into the endometrium cavity in order to achieve cryoablation. The numerical prediction is based on a 1-D finite difference method of the bio-heat equation using the Crank Nicolson scheme. The numerical method is first validated by a 1-D physical model by measuring temperature history at several locations within a silicone rubber sheet. Good agreement, thus positive predictability, was obtained by comparing numerical predictions with the experimental data obtained from eight intact, hysterectomized uteri during cryoablation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document