Stress Concentration Factors in Shouldered Shafts Subjected to Combinations of Flexure and Torsion

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Rylander ◽  
P. M. A. daRocha ◽  
L. F. Kreisle ◽  
G. J. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Torsional Loads ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Experimental Values

Geometric stress concentration factors were determined experimentally for shouldered aluminum shafts subjected to combinations of flexural and torsional loads. Diameter ratios were varied from 0.42 to 0.83, and fillet radius to small diameter ratios were varied from 0.1 to 0.7 with bending moment to torque ratios varying over a range from 1:4 to 4:1. Experimental values for the stress concentration factors were obtained by using birefringent coatings and a reflection polariscope. Strain gage measurements and torsional relaxation solutions were used to verify some of the polariscope data. For the cases considered, the static geometric stress concentration factor was between 1.11 and 1:50 for pure torsion, between 1.08 and 1.46 for pure bending, and between 1.09 and 1.50 for combined torsion and bending. The directions of the principal stresses on the surface of the shouldered shafts do not change due to the presence of the discontinuity for a particular specimen and type of loading. Also, the location of the maximum stress in the fillet of a particular specimen under a certain type of loading does not change as the magnitude of the load is varied, but it does vary with the type of loading.

Analysis of Stress Concentrations in Thick Cylinders With Sideholes and Crossholes

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Gerdeen
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Pressure Stress ◽  
Shrink Fit ◽  
Outside Diameter ◽  
Theoretical Results

An approximate theoretical analysis is presented for the determination of stress concentration factors in thick walled cylinders with sideholes and crossholes. The cylinders are subjected to both internal pressure and external shrink-fit pressure. Stress concentration factors are plotted as functions of the geometrical ratios of outside diameter-to-bore diameter, and bore diameter-to-sidehole diameter. Theoretical results are compared to experimental values available in the literature and results of experiments described in a separate paper.

The Stress Concentration Factors in Cylindrical Tubes with Transverse Circular Holes

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Jessop ◽  
C. Snell ◽  
I. M. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
Geometrical Shapes ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Circular Holes ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Better Than

The “frozen stress” techniques of photoelasticity can give a complete knowledge of the stress, system in a solid body, but the examination of the stresses requires more time and care than in corresponding flat plate tests. In tests on tubes with transverse circular holes, sponsored by The Royal Aeronautical Society, all practicable geometrical shapes are examined and the maximum stress is measured in tension, bending and torsion. The results are comprehensive and show the inadequacy of previous results. In all cases the maximum stress occurs inside the bore of the hole. The accuracy of all the graphs of stress concentration factors is better than five per cent.

Calculation of stress-concentration factors for grooved shafts in bending using the point-matching technique

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Matthews ◽  
C J Hooke
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Point Matching ◽  
Matching Technique ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Effect ◽  
Axisymmetric Bodies ◽  
Good Agreement

A general numerical technique is presented for the solution of the problem of elastic bending of axisymmetric bodies. Results obtained by this method are compared with existing results for grooved and shouldered shafts in pure bending and good agreement is obtained in each case. Additional results are presented for the stress-concentration effect of flat-bottomed circumferential grooves in cylindrical shafts for which no experimental or analytical results are available.

Stresses and deformations in overlapped diesel engine crankshafts, Part 1: Experimental results

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Bickley ◽  
V D'Olier ◽  
H Fessler ◽  
T. H. Hyde ◽  
N. A. Warrior
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Pure Torsion ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Stress Cycle ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
As Stress

Single-throw, epoxy resin models of five overlapped crankshafts with side-by-side connecting rods have been loaded in pure torsion or bending. Bending loads considered are those due to the radial or tangential components of the connecting rod force and those due to pure radial bending or radial bending due to journal displacement. After the photoelastic frozen-stress cycle, deformations and stresses in the crankpin and journal fillets were measured. The principal stresses were determined over the whole highly stressed (toroidal) fillet surfaces. At each angular position around the crankpin and journal the magnitude, meridional position and direction of the greatest principal stress were obtained. In torsion these maxima were fairly constant with angular position, whereas in bending they varied linearly, as in a simple beam in bending. The results were expressed as stress concentration factors based on nominal stresses in a bar of the same diameter as the crankpin.

Stress concentration factors in compression—fit couplings

2010 ◽  
Vol 224 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Croccolo ◽  
N Vincenzi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Boundary Zone ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors

The aim of the present work is to define the maximum stress generated by the coupling of axially symmetric and continuous shafts press-fitted into axially symmetric hubs. The theoretical stresses given by the well-known formulae of the thick-walled cylinders theory are constant on the whole coupling surface, but if the shaft extends beyond the hub there is a stress concentration factor on the boundary zone. This occurrence is confirmed by finite element analyses performed by the authors on several different shaft—hub couplings. The analysed couplings have the shaft extended beyond the hub, the shafts press-fitted into the hubs, and both shafts and hubs loaded by an external pressure and an internal pressure. The stress concentration factors have been calculated in this work and their expressions have been derived as a function of some tensile and geometrical parameters. By combining the thick-walled cylinders theory with the proposed formulae, it is possible to evaluate the maximum stress located at the end of the hub without performing any numerical investigations.

Stress-Concentration Factors in Shafts With Transverse Holes as Found by the Electroplating Method

1955 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
H. Ōkubo ◽  
S. Satō
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Slicing Method ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Mathematical Difficulties ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Maximum Stresses

Abstract In this paper the torsion of shafts with transverse holes has been investigated experimentally. Usual methods for stress measurements, such as the method of brittle coatings and the use of sensitive extensometers, are not applied effectively to the present problem because the maximum stress occurs in the bore and does not occur on the outer surface of the shaft. The stress may be measured by the stress-freezing and slicing method but we cannot expect too much from this method for the accurate determination of the stress when the diameter of the hole is comparatively small. In treating the problem theoretically, considerable mathematical difficulties are encountered on account of its axially nonsymmetrical nature. The electroplating method recently developed by one of the authors (1), however, has been proved to be useful in this case, so the maximum stresses in shafts are measured by this method and the stress-concentration factors are found for various diameters of the hole.

Stress concentration caused by an oblique round hole in a flat plate under uniaxial tension

1968 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H W McKenzie ◽  
D J White
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Elliptical Hole ◽  
Round Hole ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Reasonable Estimate ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors ◽  
Plate Width

Stress-concentration factors have been determined for oblique holes in flat plates by a method using frozen-stress photoelasticity. The ellipses formed at the intersection of the hole and the plate surfaces had their major axes perpendicular to the direction of application of the load. The maximum stress-concentration factor was found to increase with increasing angle of obliquity with respect to the normal to the plate but the experimental factors were found to be considerably lower than those predicted from a theory of Ellyin et al. Graphs are given which enable maximum stress-concentration factors to be obtained for oblique holes having a ratio of hole diameter to plate width of 0.1. It was found that, for the models tested, elliptical hole data gave a reasonable estimate of the maximum stress-concentration factors based on net area. Removing the feather edge of the hole, by applying various edge radii, did not alter the stress concentration appreciably except in so far as load-carrying area was reduced.

Stress Concentrations in DT/X Square-to-Square and Square-to-Round Tubular Joints

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Soh ◽  
C. K. Soh
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Axial Loads ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Tubular Joints ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Plane Bending ◽  
Stress Concentration Factors

A parametric stress analysis of DT/X square-to-square and square-to-round tubular joints subjected to axial loads, in-plane, and out-of-plane bending moments has been performed using the finite element technique in order to provide a sound basis for using such sections in the design of complex structures. The results of this analysis are presented as a set of equations expressing the stress concentration factor as a function of the relevant geometric parameters for various loading conditions. A comparison is made between the results obtained for square-to-square and square-to-round tubular joints and those obtained for round-to-round tubular joints by other researchers. In general, the stress concentration factors for square-to-square tubular joints are the highest, followed by those of the corresponding round-to-round joints, with those of the corresponding square-to-round joints the lowest when the joints are subject to axial loads. In the case of in-plane bending moment, the stress concentration factors for square-to-square joints are generally still the highest, but followed by those of the corresponding square-to-round joints, with those of the corresponding round-to-round joints the lowest. However, the stress concentration factors for the three types of joint are comparable when they are subject to out-of-plane bending moments.

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