Dynamics of Rolling-Element Bearings—Part II: Cylindrical Roller Bearing Results

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Rolling Element Bearings ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller ◽  
General Motion

Cylindrical roller bearing performance simulations are expressed in terms of the general motion of the bearing elements as derived by integrating the differential equations of motion. Roller skew as induced by relative race misalignment is simulated. It is shown that skidding can be reduced by using a lubricant providing relatively high traction. However, such a fluid results in increased bearing torque and power loss. The influence of geometrical parameters, such as roller/cage, or race/cage clearance and radial preload, on the roller and cage motion is also investigated.

Dynamics of Rolling-Element Bearings—Part I: Cylindrical Roller Bearing Analysis

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Rolling Element Bearings ◽  
Analytical Formulation ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller ◽  
Bearing Analysis

An analytical formulation for the roller motion in a cylindrical roller bearing is presented in terms of the classical differential equations of motion. Roller-race interaction is analyzed in detail and the resulting normal force and moment vectors are determined. Elastohydrodynamic traction models are considered in determining the roller-race tractive forces and moments. Formulation for the roller end and race flange interaction during skewing of the roller is also considered. Roller-cage interactions are assumed to be either hydrodynamic or fully metallic. Simple relationships are used to determine the churning and drag losses.

Dynamics of Rolling-Element Bearings—Part IV: Ball Bearing Results

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Rolling Element Bearings ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
General Motion

Dynamic simulations of the performance of a ball bearing are presented in terms of the general motion as obtained by integrating the differential equations of motion of the various bearing elements. It is shown that bearing misalignment significantly influences the ball/cage and race/cage interaction and, hence, the stability of cage motion. The increased radial to axial load ratios promote skidding which couples with the lubricant behavior to impose accelerations on the ball which ultimately influence the ball/cage interactions. Hence, the lubricant behavior and the large load variation on the balls play dominant roles not only in determining the extent of skidding but also in establishing the overall stability of the cage motion.

Investigation on the drag effect of a rolling element confined in the cavity of a cylindrical roller bearing

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110260
Author(s):  
Wenjun Gao ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Xiaohang Li ◽  
Zhenxia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Open Space ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Leeward Side ◽  
Drag Effect ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller

In cylindrical roller bearings, the drag effect may be induced by the rolling element translating in a fluid environment of the bearing cavity. In this article, the computational fluid dynamics method and experimental tests are employed to analyse its flow characteristics and pressure distribution. The results indicate that the pressure difference between the windward side and the leeward side of the cylinder is raised in view of it blocking the flow field. Four whirl vortexes are formed in four outlets of two wedge-shaped areas between the front part of the cylindrical surface and adjacent walls for the cylinder of L/ D = 1.5 at Re = 4.5 × 103. Vortex shedding is found in the direction of cylinder axis at Re = 4.5 × 104. The relationship between drag coefficient and Reynolds number is illustrated, obviously higher than that of the two-dimensional cylinder in open space.

scholarly journals Direct load monitoring of rolling bearing contacts using ultrasonic time of flight

2015 ◽  
Vol 471 (2180) ◽  
pp. 20150103 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Chen ◽  
R. Mills ◽  
R. S. Dwyer-Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Bearing Load ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Rolling Elements ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller

The load applied by each rolling element on a bearing raceway controls friction, wear and service life. It is possible to infer bearing load from load cells or strain gauges on the shaft or bearing housing. However, this is not always simply and uniquely related to the real load transmitted by rolling elements directly to the raceway. Firstly, the load sharing between rolling elements in the raceway is statically indeterminate, and secondly, in a machine with non-steady loading, the load path is complex and highly transient being subject to the dynamic behaviour of the transmission system. This study describes a method to measure the load transmitted directly by a rolling element to the raceway by using the time of flight (ToF) of a reflected ultrasonic pulse. A piezoelectric sensor was permanently bonded onto the bore surface of the inner raceway of a cylindrical roller bearing. The ToF of an ultrasonic pulse from the sensor to the roller–raceway contact was measured. This ToF depends on the speed of the wave and the thickness of the raceway. The speed of an ultrasonic wave changes with the state of the stress, known as the acoustoelastic effect. The thickness of the material varies when deflection occurs as the contacting surfaces are subjected to load. In addition, the contact stiffness changes the phase of the reflected signal and in simple peak-to-peak measurement, this appears as a change in the ToF. In this work, the Hilbert transform was used to remove this contact dependent phase shift. Experiments have been performed on both a model line contact and a single row cylindrical roller bearing from the planet gear of a wind turbine epicyclic gearbox. The change in ToF under different bearing loads was recorded and used to determine the deflection of the raceway. This was then related to the bearing load using a simple elastic contact model. Measured load from the ultrasonic reflection was compared with the applied bearing load with good agreement. The technique shows promise as an effective method for load monitoring in real-world bearing applications.

A Study of the Lubrication and Dynamics of Geometrically Perfect, Lightly Loaded, Cylindrical Roller Bearings with Particular Reference to Shaft Loci

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
P. H. Markho ◽  
D. Dowson
Keyword(s):  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Lubricant Film Thickness ◽  
Roller Bearings ◽  
Rolling Element ◽  
Cyclic Movement ◽  
Bearing Loads ◽  
Initial Clearance ◽  
Cylindrical Roller Bearing ◽  
Cylindrical Roller ◽  
Steady Load

The principal objective of this paper is to ascertain and quantify the cyclic movement of the centre of a shaft in a geometrically perfect, lubricated, cylindrical roller bearing exhibiting initial clearance and subjected to a light and steady load. The movement may be important in relation to the accuracy of location of shafts in roller bearings, and it is shown that a detailed consideration of the rolling element assembly predicts some interesting effects. The study also covers more conventional features of bearing performance such as lubricant film thickness and coefficient of friction, and shows the effect of squeeze to be negligible under steady bearing loads.

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