Effect of Structure on Wear Resistance of Co-, Fe-, and Ni-Base Alloys

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Silence
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Structural Condition ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Metal Wear ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Sand Abrasion ◽  
Coarse Carbide ◽  
Wear Tests

Alloy characteristics that relate directly to wear resistance are much sought after, but elusive. Attempts have been made to correlate wear resistance with mechanical and physical properties, including hardness, but only with limited success. During the course of this investigation, cast, wrought, and hard facing wear alloys were processed using various casting, consolidation and deposition techniques and evaluated using laboratory sand abrasion wear tests, and metal-to-metal (adhesive) wear tests. In general, superior abrasive wear resistance was obtained with those processing conditions that produced microstructures which contained coarse carbide morphologies. No general relationship between hardness and abrasive or adhesive wear was found in this processing study. Little effect of processing, structure or hardness was observed on metal-to-metal wear. Where chemical similarity and common structural condition between the commercial alloys tested allows comment on chemical effects, carbon appeared to be the most effective variable; particularly with abrasive wear where resistance increased with increasing carbon level and volume percent of carbide phases present.

Effect of Nano Sodium Titanate/ Potassium Titanate Whisker on Tribology Behavior of Brake Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 836-843
Author(s):  
Ke Guo ◽  
Zhi Qiang Zhang ◽  
Zhong Zheng Pei ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Yi Fan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Potassium Titanate

Here we developed a hot-pressed molded resin-based brake pad material reinforced by a nano sodium titanate whisker in comparison with nano potassium titanate whisker. The effect of the whiskers on the tribology behavior was investigated. Though nano sodium titanate whisker reinforced brake material showed higher porosity (+12.29% averagely) and lower hardness (-25.8% averagely) caused by the impurities, it exhibited improved ability in stabilizing the friction coefficient and enhancing 25.5%, 31.1%, 25.9% higher wear resistance, when the volume contents of whisker are 7.5%, 15% and 22.5%, respectively, compared to the nano potassium titanate whisker reinforced brake material. The wear mechanisms of the nano sodium titanate whisker reinforced brake materials were determined as embedded debris, delaminated crater, moderate layers transfer, uniform furrows, primary plateaus and secondary plateaus in similar size, indicating a main wear form of abrasive wear instead of adhesive wear.

Research on the Structure and Wear Properties of Grind-Hardened 42CrMo

2012 ◽  
Vol 619 ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Yong Zhang ◽  
Fang Hong Sun ◽  
Yan Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
42Crmo Steel ◽  
Grind Hardening

grind-hardening test was performed on 42CrMo steel in the paper. Microstructure of the hardened layer was observed and the wear-resistance of hardened specimens was done too. The results showed that microstructure of the fully hardened layer was mainly composed by lath martensite; microhardness of the hardened layer was above 700HV and the abrasive wear and the adhesive wear properties of hardened layer were 2~9 times than that of the base.

Influence of Neodymium on Wear Resistance of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Wei Xi Shi ◽  
Cheng Wu Du ◽  
Gui Mao Li ◽  
Zhi Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Primary Silicon ◽  
Oxidative Wear ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Unmodified Alloy ◽  
Resistance Tests

The morphology of eutectic and primary silicon phases was analyzed by OM and SEM. OM and SEM results show that pure Nd can significantly refine both eutectic and primary silicon of hypereutectic Al-20%Si alloy. Morphology of primary silicon is transformed from star-shaped and irregular morphology to fine polyhedral and grain size of primary silicon is refined from 80~120 μm to 20~50 μm. Friction and wear resistance tests show that friction coefficient of Al-20%Si alloy reduces after Nd modification. Wear resistance of Al-20%Si alloy after modification is significantly improved as compared to the initial sample. The dominant wear mechanism for 0.3% Nd modified alloy is abrasive wear, adhesive wear and oxidative wear mechanism, but wear mechanism for unmodified alloy is abrasive wear and adhesive wear mechanism.

scholarly journals Effects of plasma surface Ta alloying on the tribology behavior of γ-TiAl

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
D.-B. Wei ◽  
X. Zhou ◽  
F.-K. Li ◽  
M.-F. Li ◽  
S.-Q. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Alloy Layer ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Glow Plasma ◽  
Oxidation Wear ◽  
Plasma Surface Alloying Technique

To improve the wear resistance of ?-TiAl alloy, Ta alloy layer was prepared on surface by double glow plasma surface alloying technique. The tribology behavior of Ta alloy layer against Si3N4 at 25?, 350? and 500? were comparatively studied. The results showed that Ta alloy layer comprised a deposition layer and a diffusion layer. The deposition layer played a role in protection as a soft film. With the increase of temperature, the wear mechanism of ?-TiAl changed from abrasive wear to coexistence of abrasive wear and oxidation wear. Ta alloy layer?s wear mechanism changed from adhesive wear to coexistence of adhesive wear and oxidation wear. Surface Ta alloying process significantly reduced the wear volume, the specific wear rate and the friction coefficient of ?-TiAl and improved the wear resistance properties of ?-TiAl.

Abrasive Wear Characteristics of Ni-base Self-fluxing Alloy Spraywelding Overlays

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ding ◽  
R. Knight ◽  
R.W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Medium ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Wear Tests

Abstract The results of low stress, pin-on-disc and high stress grinding abrasive wear tests on coatings produced by plasma and oxy-acetylene flame spraywelding are presented. FNil5A and FNiWC35 Ni-based self-fluxing alloys were selected as typical spraywelding materials for abrasive wear resistance. The abrasive wear resistance mechanisms of welded overlays produced by various materials and processes were also characterized by hardness tests, microstructural and compositional analyses, and through analysis of the effect of different kinds of abrasive on the wear resistant of Ni-base self-fluxing spraywelding overlays. Results showed that FNiWC35 overlays exhibited improved resistance under low stress abrasion, but the relative wear resistances of FNiWC35 and FNil5A still depended primarily on the type and hardness of the abrasive medium used. For the same material, the abrasive wear resistance of oxyacetylene flame sprayed overlays was higher than that produced by plasma spraywelding. The wear resistance of the plasma spraywelding overlays depended not only on the material, but also strongly on the spraywelding process parameters.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Properties of AA6061/SiCp Composites Sintered under Ultra High-Pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7363
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Erkuo Yang ◽  
Yasong Wang ◽  
Changyun Li ◽  
Zhiru Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
High Pressure Sintering

Ultra high-pressure sintering (UHPS) was used to prepare AA6061/SiCp composites with different contents and the effect of sintering temperatures on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated in this study. The results showed that a uniform distribution of nano-SiC particles (N-SiCp) is obtained by the UHPS method. With the increase in N-SiCp contents, the higher hardness and better wear resistance could be inspected. The interfacial reactions and Al4C3 phase appeared above 550 °C. The relative density of composites first increased and then decreased; with the temperature raising it reached 99.58% at 600 °C. The hardness and wear property showed the same trend with the hardness reaching 52 HRA and wear rate being 1.0 × 10−6 g/m at 600 °C. Besides, the wear mechanism of the composites is mainly composed of abrasive wear and adhesive wear.

Tribological Studies of Ion-Implanted Steel Constituents Using an Oscillating Pin-on-Disk Wear Tester

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wei ◽  
P. J. Wilbur ◽  
W. S. Sampath ◽  
D. L. Williamson ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Wear Tests

Wear tests of ferrite (pure α-Fe) and austenite (AISI 304 stainless steel) implanted with nitrogen have been conducted using a unique oscillating pin-on-disk test machine. The results show that nitrogen implantation at elevated temperatures to high doses dramatically improves the adhesive wear resistance of ferrite and the critical load at which the wear mechanism changes from mild to severe adhesive wear for austenite. The wear resistance of nitrogen implanted ferrite is determined by the nitride formed. Ranked from most to least wear resistant the nitrides observed are γ’-Fe4N, ε-Fe3N, and ζ-Fe2N. No evidence of nitride break-up and attendant nitrogen migration during wear testing is found. Nitrogen does diffuse into both ferrite and austenite rapidly when they are implanted at an elevated temperature and this enhances their wear resistances.

scholarly journals Design and development of a novel sliding friction and wear tester with complex working conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinrong Chai ◽  
Zihao Zhou ◽  
Cheng Ye ◽  
Chen Yao ◽  
Guohua Li
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Corrosive Wear ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Wear Condition

AbstractSerious wear phenomena occur in mining machinery under complex working conditions, and the wear of machine parts is primarily caused by the synergistic effect of adhesive wear, abrasive wear, corrosive wear, etc. However, the existing friction and wear testing equipment cannot be used to carry out wear tests under complex working conditions. To simultaneously meet the test requirements of adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and corrosive wear, a novel sliding friction and wear tester that can simulate complex working conditions was developed in the present research. The tester is composed of a loading mechanism, a speed-regulating mechanism, a corrosion chamber, and a control and display system. Wear tests of the middle plate of a scraper conveyor, a key equipment of coal mining, were carried out to verify the consistency and effectiveness of the tester. The test results were consistent, and those under the same test conditions were similar with a maximum standard deviation of 2.4 mg. The wear condition of the middle plate specimens was close to the actual wear condition of the middle plate. Moreover, the surfaces of the middle plate specimens after grinding exhibited obvious adhesive, abrasive, and corrosive wear characteristics, and the wear degrees of the specimens under the same test conditions were similar. The quality loss of the middle plate specimens was found to increase with the increase of coal gangue percentage, and the main wear mechanism was the synergistic action of abrasive, adhesive, and corrosive wear.

Influence of ultrasonic agitation on the abrasive wear characteristics of Al-Cu/ 2 vol.% Grp composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramendra Kumar Gupta ◽  
Nitesh Vashishtha ◽  
S.G. Sapate ◽  
V. Udhayabanu ◽  
D R Peshwe
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Graphite Particle ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Graphite Layer ◽  
Material Layer ◽  
Abrasive Wear Behavior ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Wear Tests

Abstract In the present study, the abrasive wear behavior of Al-4.4 wt.% Cu composite reinforced with 2 vol.% graphite particle (Grp) has been investigated. In the preparation of composite, Ultrasonic Treatment (UT) is provided in the composite melt for the uniform distribution of reinforcement particles. Two bond abrasive wear tests are conducted for composites treated with ultrasound and without UT and base alloy. The results of abrasive wear studies indicate that at 5 and 10 Newton (N) loads, the composite with UT has a higher coefficient of friction (COF) and wear resistance than that of the base alloy (Al-4.4 wt.% Cu). Whereas, at 15 and 20 N load, the value of COF and wear resistance is lower for the composite. Two abrasive wear mechanisms micro-plowing and micro-cutting have been observed during the wear tests of base alloy and composites. The analysis of worn-out sample surfaces at higher load reveals that softened material layer due to localized elevation in temperature between two contact surfaces during wearing acts as a tribolayer in base alloy while in composites both softened material layer and graphite layer have worked together as tribolayer.

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