Experimental Determination of Sodium Superheat Employing LMFBR Simulation Parameters

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. France ◽  
R. D. Carlson ◽  
R. R. Rohde ◽  
G. T. Charmoli
Keyword(s):  
Test Section ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Reactor Fuel Element ◽  
Breeder Reactors ◽  
System Variables ◽  
Simulation Parameters

Sodium superheat experiments were performed in a forced convection facility employing system parameters in the range of interest for application to loop and pot-type liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactors. The test section was representative of a single reactor fuel element with sodium flowing vertically upward in an annulus heated indirectly from the inside wall only. Steady-state operating parameters prior to a flow coast down approach to boiling included: velocity, 17 fps; heat flux, 7 × 105 Btu/hr-ft2; test section inlet, 600 deg F; test section outlet to plenum, 900 deg F; plenum, 15 psia at 900 deg F and 700 deg F. Other important system variables controlled included sodium inert gas content and system pressure-temperature history. The axial location of boiling initiation in the test section was measured. Five test series encompassing 33 test runs were performed. Applicable superheat results were compared to predictions of the pressure-temperature history model including inert gas effects.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of Stator Endwall Heat Transfer

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Boyle ◽  
Louis M. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Turbine Vane

Local Stanton numbers were experimentally determined for the endwall surface of a turbine vane passage. A six vane linear cascade having vanes with an axial chord of 13.81 cm was used. Results were obtained for Reynolds numbers based on inlet velocity and axial chord between 73,000 and 495,000. The test section was connected to a low pressure exhaust system. Ambient air was drawn into the test section, inlet velocity was controlled up to a maximum of 59.4 m/sec. The effect of the inlet boundary layer thickness on the endwall heat transfer was determined for a range of test section flow rates. The liquid crystal measurement technique was used to measure heat transfer. Endwall heat transfer was determined by applying electrical power to a foil heater attached to the cascade endwall. The temperature at which the liquid crystal exhibited a specific color was known from a calibration test. Lines showing this specific color were isotherms, and because of uniform heat generation they were also lines of nearly constant heat transfer. Endwall static pressures were measured, along with surveys of total pressure and flow angles at the inlet and exit of the cascade.

scholarly journals The diamagnetic susceptibilities of salts forming ions with inert gas configurations II-The alkaline halides

1935 ◽  
Vol 152 (876) ◽  
pp. 342-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Brindley ◽  
F. E. Hoare ◽  
Richard Whiddington
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline State ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Potassium Halides

The data so far published on the diamagnetic susceptibilities of the alkaline halides, measured for the salts in the crystalline state, are very discordant and incomplete, as reference to Table I will show. The aim in carrying out these experiments has been twofold: firstly, to obtain a complete set of values for these salts and secondly to examine more closely than has hitherto been possible how rigorously the susceptibilities of simple crystalline salts are additive. It has already been established that the susceptibilities are approximately additive, but it has not been possible to test this with exactitude because of ( a ) the large discrepancies between the results obtained by previous observers, and ( b ) the lack of data for many crystals. The discrepancies may have arisen to some extent from the different experimental methods, some of which are more accurate than others and some of which may introduce errors peculiar to themselves. We have therefore made a complete re-determination of the susceptibilities of all the alkaline halides, using the same apparatus and method under the same conditions. Since any systematic experi-mental errors will affect all our results to approximately the same extent, we shall be in a stronger position for testing the additivity of the susceptibilities than if we rely partly on our own and partly on other observers’ results. Previous investigators have measured the susceptibilities of some compounds in the crystalline state and others in solution; the latter are of no help in connexion with our problem, for an examination of the available data suggests that solutions have susceptibilities higher by several per cent, than the corresponding crystals. We cannot, therefore, arrive at any certain conclusion by using results obtained partly for crystals and partly for solutions. 2—Method The method previously described has been used to obtain a complete set of values for the susceptibilities of the alkaline halides. Although slight modifications have been made from time to time, the apparatus has remained, in essentials, the same as when used for the measurement of the susceptibilities of the sodium and potassium halides.

scholarly journals Evaluation of inert gas rebreathing for determination of cardiac output: influence of age, gender and body size

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Middlemiss ◽  
◽  
Alex Cocks ◽  
Kaido Paapstel ◽  
Kaisa M. Maki-Petaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Inert Gas Rebreathing
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