Surface Roughness Effects on Radiant Energy Interchange

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Hering ◽  
T. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Roughness Element ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Absorption Factor ◽  
Surface Absorption ◽  
Roughness Effects ◽  
Property Model

Radiant interchange between opaque interacting surfaces is formulated for unequal temperature adjoint plates with a one-dimensional surface roughness profile. Rough surface bidirectional reflectance and directional emittance depend on material emittance, roughness element slope, and roughness element specularity. Numerical solution to simultaneous integral equations governing the dimensionless radiant intensities lead to local and overall absorption factors for selected values of the influencing parameters. Absorption factor results show a strong dependence on surface roughness and indicate that roughness effects are more important in the evaluation of radiant interchange than radiant heat loss. Absorption factor values differing by a factor of two to four are commonly observed for identical emittance materials as a result of roughness. The diffuse emission-diffuse reflection property model employing rough surface apparent hemispherical emittance gave the closest agreement to rough surface absorption factor results. Simple property model results, however, were often significantly in error.

scholarly journals Some Aspects of Gear Tribology

1990 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
R W Snidle ◽  
H P Evans ◽  
A Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Lubricant Film ◽  
Physical Explanation ◽  
Roughness Effects ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Ehl Contact

This paper reviews work being carried out at Cardiff on tribological aspects of heavily loaded gear tooth contacts. The contacts occurring in high conformity (Wildhaber-Novikov) gears have been analysed to predict the thickness of the lubricant film, and the work has been extended to include a consideration of surface roughness effects in gears of this type. For conventional gears a different rough surface elastohydrodynamic (EHL) analysis has been developed and this shows that roughness features can become almost flattened where they occur within the main EHL contact. Recent work on scuffing research is described and new developments in the search for a physical explanation of this form of failure are discussed.

A Numerical Study of Surface Roughness Effects on Ultra-Thin Gas Films

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
P. E. Raad ◽  
A. H. Tabrizi ◽  
S. P. Ketkar ◽  
P. P. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Roughness Effects ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Pressure Diffusion ◽  
Bearing Number

A wedge bearing with transverse sinusoidal roughness pattern is studied numerically in order to predict the effect of surface roughness on compressible fluid films. A variable grid implicit finite difference scheme is used to provide steady-state solutions of the Reynolds equation over a bearing number range of five orders of magnitude. At a fixed bearing geometry and orientation, the bearing load is found to increase to a maximum as the bearing number increases, then to decrease and asymptotically approach a limiting value as the bearing number increases further. This is quite unlike the behavior of an incompressible fluid bearing. Analysis indicates that the maximum load occurs at a condition where pressure diffusion and Couette effects of the fluid film are of an equal order of magnitude. The increased emphasis of the pressure diffusion physics is due to the short length scales of the rough surfaces which “trigger” the higher derivative diffusion terms in the Reynolds equation. The criterion required for validity of an infinite bearing number solution with a rough surface is found to be much more restrictive than that of a smooth surface bearing. Last, the type of rough surface film clearance averages used in incompressible lubrication are shown to be incorrect for analysis of very thin gas films. It would appear that one application of this information would be the design of an artificially roughened surface for the take-off and landing of magnetic head sliders so as to minimize contact and wear of the magnetic media.

Impact of medical titanium implant surface on the efficiency of fibrointegration

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
T. R. Davydova ◽  
А. I. Shaikhaliev ◽  
D. A. Usatov ◽  
G. A. Gasanov ◽  
R. S. Korgoloev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Anatase Structure ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Titanium Alloy Ti6al4v

The aim of this study was to study the effect of surface branching of titanium endoprostheses on the efficiency of fibrointegration. The object of the study was samples of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V in the form of disks with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm with various surface treatments: 1) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting; 2) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting with a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with anatase structure. The study of surface roughness was carried out by profilometry. Evaluation of the spreading and proliferation of cells on the surface of test samples, as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of fibrointegration was carried out according to standard methods using scanning electron microscopy. During the experiments, mesinchymal stem cells were sown on test samples and the test samples were introduced into the soft tissues of experimental animals. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the technology of forming rough surfaces by sandblasting does not provide high uniformity and reproducibility in the nanometer range and, apparently, another method for obtaining a rough surface should be chosen. The application of a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with the anatase structure to the surface of titanium endoprostheses increases the efficiency of fibrointegration, however, primarily the fibrointegration of titanium endoprostheses depends on their surface roughness, which determines the concentration of cell structures, the intensity of their adhesion and the ability to fibrointegrative process.

scholarly journals Effects of Roughness on Stresses in an Oxide Scale Formed on a Superalloy Substrate

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Fan Sun ◽  
Peng Jiang ◽  
Yongle Sun
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Alumina Scale ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Oxide Growth ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Roughness Effect

The effects of surface roughness on the stresses in an alumina scale formed on a Fecralloy substrate are investigated. Spherical indenters were used to create indents with different radii and depths to represent surface roughness and then the roughness effect was studied comprehensively. It was found that the residual stresses in the alumina scale formed around the rough surface are almost constant and they are dominated by the curvature rather than the depth of the roughness. Oxidation changes the surface roughness. The edge of the indent was sharpened after oxidation and the residual stress there was released presumably due to cracking. The residual stresses in the alumina scale decrease with increase in oxidation time, while the substrate thickness has little effect, given that the substrate is thicker than the alumina scale. Furthermore, the effect of roughness on the oxide growth stress is analysed. This work indicates that the surface roughness should be considered for evaluation of stresses in coatings.

Surface roughness effects on the reinforcement of cement mortars through 3D printed metallic fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilenia Farina ◽  
Francesco Fabbrocino ◽  
Francesco Colangelo ◽  
Luciano Feo ◽  
Fernando Fraternali
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Roughness Effects ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Metallic Fibers

Effect of Rolling Velocity and Maximum Hertzian Pressure on Fluid Film in Steady State EHL Line Contact with Rough Surface and Linear Piezoviscosity

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1371-1375
Author(s):  
Nitesh Talekar ◽  
Punit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Fluid Film ◽  
Line Contact ◽  
Rolling Velocity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Lubricated Contact

Consideration of surface roughness in steady state EHL line contact is the first step towards understanding the lubrication of rough surface problem. Current paper investigates the use of sinusoidal waviness in the contact; more precisely it gives performance of real fluid in EHL line contact. The effect of various parameters like rolling velocity (U) and maximum Hertzian pressure (ph) on surface roughness by using properties of linear and exponential piezo-viscosity is taken into consideration to evaluate behavior of pressure distribution of load carrying fluid film and film thickness. Full isothermal, Newtonian simulation of EHL problem gives described effects. Spiking or fluctuation of pressure and film thickness curves is expected to show presence of irregularities on the surface chosen and amount of fluctuation depends on certain parameters and intensity of irregularities present. Rolling side domain of-4.5 ≤ X ≤ 1.5 with grid size ∆X=0.01375 is selected. A computer code is developed to solve Reynolds equation, which governs the generation of pressure in the lubricated contact zone is discritized and solved along with load balance equation using Newton-Raphson technique.

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