Discussion: “The Interaction of Air Motion, Fuel Spray, and Combustion in the Diesel Combustion Process” (Melton, Jr., R. B., and Rogowski, A. R., 1972, ASME J. Eng. Power, 94, pp. 11–14)

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
C. C. J. French
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Air Motion

Spray and Flame Structure in Diesel Combustion

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Balles ◽  
J. B. Heywood
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Flame Structure ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Fuel Vapor ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Combustion Phase ◽  
Luminous Region

The diesel combustion process in direct-injection diesel engines consists of four distinct stages: an ignition delay, a premixed phase, a mixing-controlled phase, and a late combustion phase. This paper uses geometric information from high-speed direct and shadowgraph movies and corresponding combustion chamber pressure histories, taken in a rapid compression machine study of direct-injection diesel combustion, for a coupled analysis of the diesel flame geometry and energy or heat release to develop our understanding of the diesel spray and flame structure during the ignition delay period and premixed combustion phase. It is shown that each fuel spray from a multihole fuel-injector nozzle consists of a narrow liquid-containing core centered within a much larger fuel-vapor air region, which has a distinct boundary. The liquid core does not penetrate to the chamber periphery, while the vapor containing spray interacts strongly with the boundary. Ignition occurs part way along each growing spray. Once combustion starts, the outer boundary of the fuel-vapor-containing region expands more rapidly due to the combustion energy release. Very high initial spreading rates of the luminous region boundary are observed. A comparison of enflamed areas and volumes, and burned gas volumes, indicates that the luminous region during the early stages of combustion (assumed stoichiometric) is around 1 cm thick and does not fill the full height of the chamber. During the premixed combustion phase, the burned gas volume is one-half the enflamed volume, indicating the presence of a substantial unburned (rich) fuel-vapor/air core within the luminous region of each fuel spray. A close correspondence of flame geometry to spray geometry is evident throughout the combustion process.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional simulation of the diesel combustion process.

1987 ◽  
Vol 53 (491) ◽  
pp. 2241-2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto IKEGAMI ◽  
Yoshiyuki KIDOGUCHI ◽  
Junichi ISHIGURO
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

Evaluation of temporal and spatial distribution of nanometric particles in a diesel engine by broadband optical techniques

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E Corcione ◽  
S S Merola ◽  
B M Vaglieco
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Optical Techniques ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Nanometric Particles ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

In the last few years, there has been an increasing concern about the emissions of ultrafine particles in the atmosphere. A detailed study of the formation and oxidation of these particles in the environment of the diesel engine cylinder presents many experimental difficulties due to the high temperatures, pressures and extremely reactive intermediate species. To allow investigation of the different phases of the diesel combustion process, high temporal and spatial resolution optical techniques were applied in the optically accessible chamber of a diesel engine at fixed engine speed and air-fuel ratio. Simultaneous extinction, scattering and flame chemiluminescence measurements from the ultraviolet to the visible region were carried out in order to study the diesel combustion process from the soot inception to the formation of soot particles, through the growth of their precursors. These species were characterized as carbonaceous nanometric structures and their sizes were evaluated by the Mie theory.

Effects of the Injection Parameters on the Emissions of a Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yılmaz ◽  
M. Zafer Gul ◽  
Y. Yukselenturk ◽  
B. Akay ◽  
H. Koten
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Multiphase Model ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Flow Development ◽  
Air Motion

It is estimated by the experts in the automotive industry that diesel engines on the transport market should increase within the years to come due to their high thermal efficiency coupled with low carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, provided their nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate emissions are reduced. At present, adequate after-treatments, NOx and particulates matter (PM) traps are developed and industrialized with still concerns about fuel economy, robustness, sensitivity to fuel sulfur and cost because of their complex and sophisticated control strategy. New combustion processes focused on clean diesel combustion are investigated for their potential to achieve near zero particulate and NOx emissions. Their main drawbacks are increased level of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, combustion control at high load and limited operating range and power output. In this work, cold flow simulations for a single cylinder of a nine-liter (6 cylinder × 1.5 lt.) diesel engine have been performed to find out flow development and turbulence generation in the piston-cylinder assembly. In this study, the goal is to understand the flow field and the combustion process in order to be able to suggest some improvements on the in-cylinder design of an engine. Therefore combustion simulations of the engine have been performed to find out flow development and emission generation in the cylinder. Moreover, the interaction of air motion with high-pressure fuel spray injected directly into the cylinder has also been carried out. A Lagrangian multiphase model has been applied to the in-cylinder spray-air motion interaction in a heavy-duty CI engine under direct injection conditions. A comprehensive model for atomization of liquid sprays under high injection pressures has been employed. The combustion is modeled via a new combustion model ECFM-3Z (Extended Coherent Flame Model) developed at IFP. Finally, a calculation on an engine configuration with compression, spray injection and combustion in a direct injection Diesel engine is presented. Further investigation has also been performed in-cylinder design parameters in a DI diesel engine that result in low emissions by effect of high turbulence level. The results are widely in agreement qualitatively with the previous experimental and computational studies in the literature.

Real-time capable simulation of diesel combustion processes for HiL applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Neumann ◽  
Christian Jörg ◽  
Nils Peschke ◽  
Joschka Schaub ◽  
Thorsten Schnorbus
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Improved Model

The complexity of the development processes for advanced diesel engines has significantly increased during the last decades. A further increase is to be expected, due to more restrictive emission legislations and new certification cycles. This trend leads to a higher time exposure at engine test benches, thus resulting in higher costs. To counter this problem, virtual engine development strategies are being increasingly used. To calibrate the complete powertrain and various driving situations, model in the loop and hardware in the loop concepts have become more important. The main effort in this context is the development of very accurate but also real-time capable engine models. Besides the correct modeling of ambient condition and driver behavior, the simulation of the combustion process is a major objective. The main challenge of modeling a diesel combustion process is the description of mixture formation, self-ignition and combustion as precisely as possible. For this purpose, this article introduces a novel combustion simulation approach that is capable of predicting various combustion properties of a diesel process. This includes the calculation of crank angle resolved combustion traces, such as heat release and other thermodynamic in-cylinder states. Furthermore, various combustion characteristics, such as combustion phasing, maximum gradients and engine-out temperature, are available as simulation output. All calculations are based on a physical zero-dimensional heat release model. The resulting reduction of the calibration effort and the improved model robustness are the major benefits in comparison to conventional data-driven combustion models. The calibration parameters directly refer to geometric and thermodynamic properties of a given engine configuration. Main input variables to the model are the fuel injection profile and air path–related states such as exhaust gas recirculation rate and boost pressure. Thus, multiple injection event strategies or novel air path control structures for future engine control concepts can be analyzed.

scholarly journals An investigation of the fuel injector dedicated to the aircraft opposed-piston two-stroke diesel engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Ksenia SIADKOWSKA ◽  
Mirosław WENDEKER ◽  
Łukasz GRABOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Mie Scattering ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Measuring Point ◽  
Fuel Delivery ◽  
The Moment

The paper presents the research results of the injector construction with the modified injection nozzle. The injector is designed for a prototype opposed-piston aircraft diesel engine. The measurements were based on the Mie scattering technique. The conditions of the experiment corresponded to maximum loads similar to those occurring at the start. The measuring point was selected in line with the analysis of engine operating conditions: combustion chamber pressure at the moment of fuel delivery (6 MPa) and fuel pressure in the injection rail (140 MPa). The analysis focused on the average spray range and distribution, taking into account the differences between holes in the nozzle. As a result of the conducted research, the fuel spray range was defined with the determined parameters of injection. The fuel spray ranges inside the constant volume chamber at specific injection pressures and in the chamber were examined, and the obtained results were used to verify and optimize the combustion process in the designed opposed-piston two-stroke engine.

scholarly journals G070033 Analysis of Combustion Process in Diesel Combustion with After Injection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (0) ◽  
pp. _G070033-1-_G070033-5
Author(s):  
Tatsuhisa YAMADA ◽  
Kazuki YOSHIDA ◽  
Naoto HORIBE ◽  
Takuji ISHIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Diesel Combustion
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