Instantaneous Behavior of Lubricating Oil Supplied onto the Tooth Flanks and Its Influence on the Scoring Resistance of Spur Gears

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fujita ◽  
F. Obata ◽  
K. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Nozzle Position ◽  
Jet Velocity ◽  
Oil Jet ◽  
Scoring Resistance

The correlation between the oil supply conditions, such as oil jet velocity, oil-nozzle position and its direction, and the scoring resistance of spur gear pair has been studied. The influence of the oil supply conditions on the instantaneous behaviors of the lubricating oil supplied onto the tooth flanks were brought to light by stroboscopic photographs. The scoring resistance was greatly affected by the oil supply conditions and the reasons were clarified by considering the instantaneous behaviors of lubricating oil. In order to have high scoring resistance, oil must be supplied over the whole working flank.

Into Mesh Lubrication of Spur Gears With Arbitrary Offset Oil Jet. Part 1: For Jet Velocity Less Than or Equal to Gear Velocity

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Akin ◽  
D. P. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Optimum Operating Condition ◽  
Operating Condition ◽  
The Common ◽  
Jet Velocity ◽  
Oil Jet

An analysis was conducted for into mesh oil jet lubrication with an arbitrary offset and inclination angle from the pitch point for the case where the oil jet velocity is equal to or less than pitch line velocity. The analysis includes the case for the oil jet offset from the pitch point in the direction of the pinion and where the oil jet is inclined to intersect the common pitch point. Equations were developed for the minimum oil jet velocity required to impinge on the pinion or gear and the optimum oil jet velocity to obtain the maximum impingement depth. The optimum operating condition for best lubrication and cooling is provided when the oil jet velocity is equal to the gear pitch line velocity with both sides of the gear tooth cooled. When the jet velocity is reduced from pitch line velocity the drive side of the pinion and the unloaded side of the gear is cooled. When the jet velocity is much lower than the pitch line velocity the impingement depth is very small and may completely miss the pinion.

scholarly journals Study of Lubricant Jet Flow Phenomena in Spur Gears

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Akin ◽  
J. J. Mross ◽  
D. P. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Motion Picture ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Drop Size ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Jet Flow ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Oil Jet

Lubricant jet flow impingement and penetration depth into a gear tooth space were measured at 4920 and 2560 using a 8.89-cm- (3.5-in.) pitch dia 8 pitch spur gear at oil pressures from 7 × 104 to 41 × 104 N/m2 (10 psi to 60 psi). A high speed motion picture camera was used with xenon and high speed stroboscopic lights to slow down and stop the motion of the oil jet so that the impingement depth could be determined. An analytical model was developed for the vectorial impingement depth and for the impingement depth with tooth space windage effects included. The windage effects on the oil jet were small for oil drop size greater than 0.0076 cm (0.003 in.). The analytical impingement depth compared favorably with experimental results above an oil jet pressure of 7 × 104 N/m2 (10 psi). Some of this oil jet penetrates further into the tooth space after impingement. Much of this post impingement oil is thrown out of the tooth space without further contacting the gear teeth.

scholarly journals Demand Analysis of Lubricating Oil in Spur Gear Pairs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5417
Author(s):  
Fuchun Jia ◽  
Yulong Lei ◽  
Yao Fu ◽  
Binyu Wang ◽  
Jianlong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Transmission Ratio ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Control Variate ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Meshing Process ◽  
Input Torque

Theoretical calculation and numerical simulation are used to investigate the lubricating oil demand of spur gears. In accordance with the function of lubricating oil during the meshing process, oil demand is regarded as the superposition of oil for lubrication and cooling. Oil for lubrication is calculated in accordance with meshing and elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) theories. Oil for cooling is obtained from friction heat. The influence of different meshing positions on lubricating oil demand is analysed, and the effects of modulus, tooth number, transmission ratio, input speed and input torque on lubricating oil demand is investigated using a control variate method. Simulation results indicated that oil for lubrication and oil for cooling have two maxima each during a meshing circle. The influences of different gear parameters and working conditions on lubricating oil demand are compared. The results showed that the oil volume for lubrication increases and oil volume for cooling decreases as the modulus, tooth number and transmission ratio of the gear increase, the oil volume for lubrication and oil volume for cooling increases as the input speed and input torque increase.

Effect of Radial Run-Out on the Transient Response of a Spur Gear Pair with Backlash

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 610-617
Author(s):  
Çağıl Çiloğlu ◽  
M.A. Sahir Arıkan ◽  
Oykun Eren
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Transient Responses ◽  
Contact Models ◽  
Contact Parameters ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

This paper investigates the effect of radial run-out on the transient responses of spur gear pairs with backlash. With the selection of contact parameters which are based on existing contact models, an ADAMS model for a set of spur gears is created and the results are compared with the available solutions in the literature. After observing that ADAMS solutions obtained by determined contact parameters are in close agreement with the solutions given in the literature; a gear which has radial run-out is replaced with the ideal gear. The results are shown to demonstrate the effect of radial run-out on the output gear.

Bulk Temperature of a Spur Gear Pair in Oil Bath : Effect of Lubricating Oil

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004.4 (0) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Hideo TAKAHASHI ◽  
Hiroshi IIZUKA ◽  
Soujyu LEE
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Gear Pair

Reduction of Vibration in Spur Gears by an Asymmetric Tooth Profile With High Contact Ratio

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Fujikawa ◽  
Kiyotaka Ikejo ◽  
Soichi Ibaraki ◽  
Kazuteru Nagamura
Keyword(s):  
Thrust Force ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Mesh Stiffness ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Gear Drives ◽  
Helical Gear Pair

Gear drive is a mechanism transmitting a power and a motion through the teeth contact. The number of teeth in contact changes during a mesh cycle. That raises a discontinuity of the mesh stiffness, and causes a gear vibration. The discontinuity implies a direct relationship with the contact ratio of the gear pair. In general, the high contact ratio more than two decreases the discontinuity of the mesh stiffness. Therefore, the increase of the contact ratio is able to reduce the vibration and the noise in the gear drives. An adoption of a helical gear pair is a method to obtain two or more contact ratio. However, that provides a thrust force and a difficulty to machine and assemble. For a spur gear pair, though it is possible to increase the contact ratio by stretching the tooth depth, the tooth thickness may reduce or be excessively sharp at the tooth tip on the addendum circle. In this study, we designed and made a high contact ratio spur gear pair with an asymmetric tooth profile. The gear pair has a large tooth depth to increase the contact ratio, and the asymmetric tooth profile to prevent the sharpness of tooth at the tip circle. In the running test, the vibration and the noise were measured. Consequently, we succeeded in a reduction of vibration and noise in spur gear drives with the asymmetric tooth profile.

Experimental Investigations About the Power Loss Transition Between Churning and Windage for Spur Gears

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Quiban ◽  
Christophe Changenet ◽  
Yann Marchesse ◽  
Fabrice Ville
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Loss Model ◽  
Torque Measurements ◽  
Oil Immersion ◽  
Oil Jet ◽  
Very High

Abstract Oil sump lubrication is commonly used in gearboxes. When considering consistent speeds, oil immersion is usually set to low level in order to reduce associated power losses. This configuration is already used in some parts of helicopter mechanical transmissions, and it is under consideration as a lubrication solution for future electric powertrain where gearbox input speeds may be very high. The gear drag power losses are generally evaluated from either a churning power loss model for classic oil sump lubrication or a windage power loss model for oil jet lubrication. One may thus wonder how to estimate drag losses when considering a gear that only a small part is immersed. In this study, the authors investigate the transition between churning and windage phenomena for a spur gear. A series of torque measurements on a single spur gear rotating in an oil bath at numerous oil immersion levels have been carried out. Based on these results, a criterion to indicate which power loss model to use is proposed.

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