Heat Exchanger Design for Ocean Thermal Difference Power Plants

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 1035-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. McGowan ◽  
J. W. Connell
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Program ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Heat Exchanger Design ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Thermal Difference

This paper discusses variations in heat exchanger design and configuration for a class of ocean thermal power plants. Details of the heat exchanger models are summarized and analytical results for component and cycle variations are presented. A heat exchanger optimization program is discussed in detail and preliminary results for this study are given.

scholarly journals An effective method for calculating the elements of thermal power plants, which are reduced to solving systems of partial differential equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 03029
Author(s):  
Alexander Kler ◽  
Danil Apanovich ◽  
Alexey Maximov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Partial Differential ◽  
Periodic Action

Calculations of dynamic processes in the elements of thermal power plants (TPP) (heat exchangers, combustion chambers, turbomachines, etc.) are necessary to justify permissible and optimal operating modes, the choice of design characteristics elements, assessing their reliability, etc. Such tasks are reduced to solving partial differential equations. At present time for such calculations are mainly used finite-difference method and finite element method. These methods are cumbersome and complex. The article proposes a method, the main idea of which is to reduce the solution of equations to solving linear programming problems (LP) is demonstrated by the example heat exchanger of periodic action. The mathematical description includes the following energy balance equations for gas and ceramics, respectively, on the plane, where - indicates the length of the heat exchanger, and - the operating time. Also provides a more complex model, taking into account the spread of heat inside the balls of the ceramic backfill.

scholarly journals MODELING AND THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THERMOELECTRIC SYSTEM FOR INTRACOLAR HYPOTHERMIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
O. V. Evdulov ◽  
R. A. Magomadov ◽  
S. G. Magomedova ◽  
N. A. Nabiyev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Current Strength ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Supply Current

Objectives The purpose of the article is to simulate and theoretical study of the thermoelectric system (TPP) for intracavitary hypothermia, the study of the processes occurring in it taking into account the influence of the parameters of the object of influence and characteristics of a thermoelectric battery (TEB). Method A physical model of thermal power plants for intracavitary hypothermia, consisting of two thermopiles, interconnected through an all-metal thermal bridge, equipped with an acting tip and a liquid heat exchanger is proposed. A quasi-stationary mathematical model of thermal power plants has been developed as a set of interconnected heat exchange systems, thermopile and heat conductor characterized by heat capacity, thermal conductivity and thermal resistance, which allows us to estimate the duration of the device output to the operating mode, taking into account the thermal properties of the biological object. Result The dependences of the temperature change of different parts of TPPs in time are obtained for the case of operation of the device in idling mode and in the presence of heat load. The temporal variation of the temperature of the object of influence, the conductor, the heat pipe and the heat exchanger at different currents of supply of thermopile and also for different values of the temperature of the liquid in the heat exchanger is considered. Conclusion It is established that without load, the temperature of the acting tip stabilizes in approximately 4–4.5 minutes. At the same time, an increase in the current strength of an additional thermopile from 5 to 15 A at the current supply of the main thermopile 50 A reduces the operating value of T from 235 K to 220 K. During the procedures, the required level of laryngeal tissue temperature decrease (273 K) can be achieved at the main power supply current and additional thermopile, respectively, equal to 25 and 10 A after 2 min. At a fixed temperature of the reference junctions of the main thermopile, the limiting decrease in the temperature of the acting tip is limited by the magnitude of the optimal thermopile current. It is possible to obtain deeper cooling at a given value of the supply current by reducing the temperature of the reference junctions of the main thermopile. 

On the prospect of introduction of plasma ignition in power boilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
V. Ye. Mikhailov ◽  
S. P. Kolpakov ◽  
L. A. Khomenok ◽  
N. S. Shestakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Plasma Ignition ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Construction

One of the most important issues for modern domestic power industry is the creation and further widespread introduction of solid propellant energy units for super-critical steam parameters with high efficiency (43–46%) and improved environmental parameters. This will significantly reduce the use of natural gas.At the same time, one of the major drawbacks of the operation of pulverized coal power units is the need to use a significant amount of fuel oil during start-up and shutdown of boilers to stabilize the burning of the coal torch in the variable boiler operating modes.In this regard, solid fuel TPPs need to be provided with fuel oil facilities, with all the associated problems to ensure the performance (heating of fuel oil in winter), reliability and safety. All of the above problems increase both the TPP capital construction costs, and the electricity generating cost.A practical solution to the above problems at present is the use of a plasma technology for coal torch ignition based on thermochemical preparation of fuel for combustion. The materials of the developments of JSC “NPO CKTI” on application of plasmatrons in boilers of thermal power plants at metallurgical complexes of the Russian Federation are also considered.Plasma ignition systems for solid fuels in boilers were developed by Russian specialists and were introduced at a number of coal-fi red power plants in the Russian Federation, Mongolia, North Korea, and Kazakhstan. Plasma ignition of solid fuels is widely used in China for almost 30% of power boilers.The introduction of plasma-energy technologies will improve the energy efficiency of domestic solid-fuel thermal power plants and can be widely implemented in the modernization of boilers.During the construction of new TPPs, the construction of fuel oil facilities can be abandoned altogether, which will reduce the capital costs of the construction of thermal power plants, reduce the construction footprint, and increase the TPP safety.

Features of antibodies against benzo[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Ye. G. Polenok ◽  
S. A. Mun ◽  
L. A. Gordeeva ◽  
A. A. Glushkov ◽  
M. V. Kostyanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Immune Reactions

Introduction.Coal dust and coal fi ring products contain large amounts of carcinogenic chemicals (specifically benz[a]pyrene) that are different in influence on workers of coal mines and thermal power plants. Specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene therefore in these categories of workers can have specific features.Objective.To reveal features of antibodies specifi c to benz[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants.Materials and methods.The study covered A and G class antibodies against benz[a]pyrene (IgA-Bp and IgG-Bp) in serum of 705 males: 213 donors of Kemerovo blood transfusion center (group 1, reference); 293 miners(group 2) and 199 thermal power plant workers (group 3). Benz[a]pyrene conjugate with bovine serum albumin as an adsorbed antigen was subjected to immune-enzyme assay.Results.IgA-Bp levels in the miners (Me = 2.7) did not differ from those in the reference group (Me = 2.9), but in the thermal power plant workers (Me = 3.7) were reliably higher than those in healthy men and in the miners (p<0.0001). Levels of IgG-Bp in the miners (Me = 5.0) appeared to be lower than those in the reference group (Me = 6.4; (p = 0.05). IgG-Bb level in the thermal power plantworkers (Me = 7.4) exceeded the parameters in the healthy donors and the miners (p<0.0001). Non-industrial factors (age and smoking) appeared tohave no influence on specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers.Conclusions.Specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers are characterized by peculiarities: the miners demonstrate lower levels of class A serum antibodies to benz[a]pyrene; the thermal power plant workers present increased serum levels of class G antibodies to benz[a]pyrene. These peculiarities result from only the occupational features, but do not depend on such factors as age, smoking and length of service at hazardous production. It is expedient to study specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants, to evaluate individual oncologic risk and if malignancies occur.

How Flexible Do Thermal Power Plants with CCS Need to Be?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schnellmann ◽  
David Reiner ◽  
Stuart Scott ◽  
Chi Kong Chyong
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants
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