The Investigation of the Enhancement Mechanisms of the Oxide Treatment on Cemented Carbide Tools

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Naik ◽  
N. P. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Eutectic Phase ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cemented Carbide Tools ◽  
Solid Piece

The mechanisms responsible for enhancement of the metal cutting properties of cemented carbide tools during oxide treatments are investigated. The reaction of individual phases present in cemented carbide tools with various oxides was analyzed experimentally under temperature-pressure conditions previously employed for the oxide treatment. The change in the surface structure and the formation of new phases were determined by means of X-ray diffraction, oxidation experiments, and thermodynamic analyses. The experimental results show that during the oxide treatment such carbides as TiC and ZrC, which are chemically more stable than WC, form on the surface of WC. It was also found that a small percentage of oxides mixed in the eutectic phase of Co-WC stabilizes the eutectic phase, thus preventing its adhesion to a solid piece of oxides.

The Formation of Oxycarbides During the Oxide Treatment of Cemented Carbide Tools

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1268-1271
Author(s):  
S. K. Naik ◽  
N. P. Suh
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cemented Carbide Tools

Reactions between oxides and carbides were investigated in order to establish enhancement mechanisms occurring during the oxide treatment of cemented carbide tools. TiO powder was compacted around solid WC and TiC specimens, which were then heated to 1400 deg C in a vacuum of 10−4 to 10−5 torr. The reactions of Al2O3 with these carbides was similarly investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis show that oxycarbides formed on the carbide surface during the oxide treatment. Discussions are given with regard to how these oxycarbides may enhance the metal cutting properties of cemented carbide tools.

Synthesis, Structure and Magnetism of ErCoIn5

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Lyle Thomas ◽  
Erin E. Erickson ◽  
Monica Moldovan ◽  
David P. Young ◽  
Julia Y. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Flux Growth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metallic Behavior ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Method

AbstractA new member of the LnMIn5 family, ErCoIn5, has been synthesized by a flux-growth method. The structure of ErCoIn5 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/mmm, Z = 1, with lattice parameters a = 4.5400(4) and c = 7.3970(7) Å, and V = 152.46(2) Å3. Electrical resistivity data show metallic behavior. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show this compound to be antiferromagnetic with TN = 5.1 K. We compare these experimental results with those of LaCoIn5 in an effort to better understand the effect of the structural trends observed on the transport and magnetic properties.

scholarly journals The surface structure of model catalyst in action investigated by X-ray diffraction

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (a1) ◽  
pp. c8-c8
Author(s):  
S. Ferrer ◽  
M. D. Ackermann ◽  
O. Robach ◽  
B. L. M. Hendriksen ◽  
I. Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Model Catalyst ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Formation of Tricalcium Silicate Prepared by Electric and Microwave Sintering

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 1119-1123
Author(s):  
Kai Ke ◽  
Bao Guo Ma ◽  
Xiao Liang Wang ◽  
Xiang Guo Li
Keyword(s):  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Tricalcium Silicate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Sintering Method

A microwave sintering method was used to prepare C3S from Ca(OH)2, SiO2 and MexOy. f-CaO assay, X-ray diffraction and SEM were used to characterize the sintered samples.The results indicated that ion oxides played a very important role in C3S formation in conventional sintering, the use of MexOy as an additive was so effective in promoting C3S formation. The experimental results showed that samples were heated at an electric heating temperature(1500°C) and then further sintered with microwave for 30~60 min, tricalcium silicate could be formed with kilogram step. The new burning technique can greatly increase the forming speed of tricalcium silicate, MnO2, CuO and Ni2O3 could enhance the microwave sintering.

X-ray Determination and Analysis of Residual Stresses in Uniform Films and Patterned Lines of Tungsten

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Maniguet ◽  
M. Ignat ◽  
M. Dupeux ◽  
J.J. Bacmann ◽  
Ph. Normandon
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Line Width ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Tensors ◽  
Strain Tensors

ABSTRACTThe determination by X-ray diffraction of the elastic strain tensors and the corresponding stress tensors in uniform films and patterned lines of tungsten was used to investigate the effect of line width. The stresses were found to increase with increasing line width. These experimental results are discussed with respect to the values obtained from a model using a distributed force in the line. The results of the calculations are in agreement with the X-ray measurements. The edge effects appear to be significant for tungsten lines.

Surface structure analysis of Si(111)−Bi by X-ray diffraction — Approach to the solution of the phase problem

1987 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. L825-L834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Takahashi ◽  
Shinichiro Nakatani ◽  
Tetsuya Ishikawa ◽  
Seishi Kikuta
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Phase Problem ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

SURFACE STRUCTURE OF O/Cu(104) FACETS DETERMINED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION

1999 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 851-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. WALKO ◽  
I. K. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Clean Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Text Structures ◽  
Surface Reconstructions ◽  
The Relationship

We have determined the surface structure of O/Cu(104) using X-ray diffraction. This surface was prepared by dosing Cu(115) with oxygen, transforming the clean surface into facets with {104} and {113} orientations. This method of preparation, in essence, naturally grows the (104)-oriented substrate concurrent with the O-covered surface, resulting in O/Cu(104) facets which are smooth and highly ordered. Our results indicate that the top three atomic rows significantly expand away from the bulk, but no Cu rows are missing. The Cu–O structures of this surface are similar to those present on other O on Cu surface reconstructions, but the adsorbed O inhabits two adsorption sites with notably distinct geometries. The relationship between the O/Cu(104) and O/Cu(001)[Formula: see text] structures, in particular, is discussed.

Selective Electrolytic Corrosion Behaviours of WC in WC-Co Cemented Carbide

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1478-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Wu Li ◽  
Cheng Guang Lin ◽  
Xing Cheng Xie ◽  
Rui Jun Cao ◽  
Zhong Kun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrolytic Corrosion ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Corrosion Time

In this work, WC grains in WC-Co cemented carbide were selectively electrolytic corroded and the effects of corrosion time, WC mean grain size and Co content on corrosion rate were systematically investigated. The results showed that corrosion rate decreased with the prolonging of electrolytic corrosion time. The WC-9Co cemented carbides had grain size of 2.9 μm The intensity of Co diffraction peaks was found to exceed the WC diffraction peaks when corroded for 4 hours, and the WC diffraction peaks disappeared when corroded for 8 hours. The corrosion rate increased with the decrease of WC mean grain size and the Co content. As the WC content increased in cemented carbide, it was necessary to increase corrosion time when analyzed Co phase in the cemented carbide by X-ray diffraction.

Surface Structure of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2: a New Experimental Technique Using in Situ X-ray Diffraction and Two-Dimensional Epitaxial Film Electrodes

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 2632-2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Sakamoto ◽  
Masaaki Hirayama ◽  
Noriyuki Sonoyama ◽  
Daisuke Mori ◽  
Atsuo Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Experimental Technique ◽  
Epitaxial Film ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Interaction between Yttria Fully Stabilized Zirconia or Yttria-Zirconia Blended Face-Coat with Ti6Al4V during Investment Casting

2014 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalenda Mutombo ◽  
Christina Kgomo ◽  
P. Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Alpha Case ◽  
Face Coat ◽  
Scanning Electron

The interaction between the Ti6Al4V alloy and the mould materials was investigated. The alpha-case was characterized by Vickers hardness tester, optical and scanning electron microscopy equipped with electron dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed on as cast and on YFSZ or YZ-Blended face-coats. From the experimental results, a distinct alpha-case formation was revealed. The YFSZ led to a thicker and harder alpha-case than the YZ-Blended face-coat. The EDX revealed the presence of Zr and Si elements in both alpha-cases. Therefore, from experimental results and thermodynamic calculations, pure ZrO2and SiO2may react with Ti.

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