Resistance of an Inclined Plate Placed on a Plane Boundary in Two-Dimensional Flow

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Ranga Raju ◽  
R. J. Garde
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Plane Boundary ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow

This paper describes the results of an experimental study on the drag coefficient of a two-dimensional sharp-edged plate placed on a plane boundary at different inclinations to the flow. Experimental data were collected to investigate the effects of (i) inclination of the plate to the flow, (ii) the relative submergence of the plate in a turbulent boundary layer, and (iii) the proximity of the tunnel walls to the plate, on the drag coefficient of the plate. Relations have been developed to enable correction for “blockage effect” and also to evaluate the effects of inclination of the plate and the presence of the boundary layer on the drag coefficient of the plate. Data collected by other investigators in wind tunnels of various dimensions have also been used in the development of the foregoing relations.

The response of a turbulent boundary layer to lateral divergence

1979 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Smits ◽  
J. A. Eaton ◽  
P. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Circular Cylinder ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Turbulence Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Transition Section ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Made In

Measurements have been made in the flow over an axisymmetric cylinder-flare body, in which the boundary layer developed in axial flow over a circular cylinder before diverging over a conical flare. The lateral divergence, and the concave curvature in the transition section between the cylinder and the flare, both tend to destabilize the turbulence. Well downstream of the transition section, the changes in turbulence structure are still significant and can be attributed to lateral divergence alone. The results confirm that lateral divergence alters the structural parameters in much the same way as longitudinal curvature, and can be allowed for by similar empirical formulae. The interaction between curvature and divergence effects in the transition section leads to qualitative differences between the behaviour of the present flow, in which the turbulence intensity is increased everywhere, and the results of Smits, Young & Bradshaw (1979) for a two-dimensional flow with the same curvature but no divergence, in which an unexpected collapse of the turbulence occurred downstream of the curved region.

scholarly journals Application of the Method of Integral Relations to the Calculation of Two-Dimensional Incompressible Turbulent Boundary Layer

1981 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.-S. Yeung ◽  
R.-J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Incompressible Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Method Of Integral Relations ◽  
Integral Relations

The orthonormal version of the Method of Integral Relations (MIR) was applied to solve for a two-dimensional incompressible turbulent boundary layer. The flow was assumed to be nonseparating. Flows with favorable, unfavorable, and zero pressure gradient were considered, and comparisons made with available experimental data. In general, the method predicted very well the experimental results for flows with favorable or zero pressure gradient; for flows with unfavorable pressure gradient, it predicted the experimental data well only up to a certain distance from the initial station. This result is due to the flow not being in equilibrium beyond that distance. Finally, the scheme was shown to be efficient in obtaining numerical solutions.

Turbulent Boundary Layer Heat Transfer on Curved Surfaces

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Mayle ◽  
M. F. Blair ◽  
F. C. Kopper
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Concave Surface ◽  
Turbulent Shear ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Streamline Curvature ◽  
Turbulent Shear Stress ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow

Heat transfer measurements for a turbulent boundary layer on a convex and concave, constant-temperature surface are presented. The heat transferred on the convex surface was found to be less than that for a flat surface, while the heat transferred to the boundary layer on the concave surface was greater. It was also found that the heat transferred on the convex surface could be determined by using an existing two-dimensional finite difference boundary layer program modified to take into account the effect of streamline curvature on the turbulent shear stress and heat flux, but that the heat transferred on the concave surface could not be calculated. The latter result is attributed to the transition from a two-dimensional flow to one which contained streamwise, Taylor-Go¨rtler type vortices.

Pressure Distributions and Forces on Rectangular and D-shaped Cylinders

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
B R Bostock ◽  
W A Mair
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Circular Cylinder ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Flow ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Rectangular Cylinders ◽  
Shaped Section

SummaryMeasurements in two-dimensional flow on rectangular cylinders confirm earlier work of Nakaguchi et al in showing a maximum drag coefficient when the height h of the section (normal to the stream) is about 1.5 times the width d. Reattachment on the sides of the cylinder occurs only for h/d < 0.35.For cylinders of D-shaped section (Fig 1) the pressure distribution on the curved surface and the drag are considerably affected by the state of the boundary layer at separation, as for a circular cylinder. The lift is positive when the separation is turbulent and negative when it is laminar. It is found that simple empirical expressions for base pressure or drag, based on known values for the constituent half-bodies, are in general not satisfactory.

An Investigation of two Turbulent Flows over Smooth and Rough Surfaces

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Allan ◽  
V. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow ◽  
Layer Flow

Experimental data for two-dimensional, low-speed, turbulent boundary layer flow has been used to verify the description of mean-velocity distributions proposed by Allan and to re-evaluate the entrainment function. The independence of pressure gradient and surface roughness as regards their effects on velocity profiles has been demonstrated. Boundary layer predictions agree with experimental data for a smooth surface, but further investigation is required for flow over a rough surface.

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