The Effects of Main-Flow Radial Velocity on the Stability of Developing Laminar Pipe Flow

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. T. Shen ◽  
T. S. Chen ◽  
L. M. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Main Flow ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Neutral Stability ◽  
Radial Velocity Component ◽  
Numerical Integration Scheme ◽  
Critical Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Direct Numerical Integration ◽  
Sommerfeld Equation

In studying the stability due to axisymmetric disturbances of the developing flow of an incompressible fluid in the entrance region of a circular tube, a generalized version of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation was derived which takes account of the radial velocity component in the main flow. The new terms in the generalized Orr-Sommerfeld equation are inversely proportional to the Reynolds number. The resulting eigenvalue problem consisting of the disturbance equation and the boundary conditions was solved by a direct numerical integration scheme along with an iteration procedure. Neutral stability curves and critical Reynolds numbers at various axial locations are presented. A comparison of the present results with those from the conventional Orr-Sommerfeld equation in which the effect of the main-flow radial velocity is neglected, shows that inclusion of the radial velocity contributes to a destabilization of the main flow.

Stability and Bifurcation of Unbalanced Response of a Squeeze Film Damped Flexible Rotor

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Zhao ◽  
I. W. Linnett ◽  
L. J. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectra ◽  
Squeeze Film ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Flexible Rotor ◽  
Jump Phenomenon ◽  
Stability And Bifurcation ◽  
Trigonometric Collocation ◽  
Numerical Integration Scheme ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Nonsynchronous Vibrations

The stability and bifurcation of the unbalance response of a squeeze film damper-mounted flexible rotor are investigated based on the assumption of an incompressible lubricant together with the short bearing approximation and the “π” film cavitation model. The unbalanced rotor response is determined by the trigonometric collocation method and the stability of these solutions is then investigated using the Floquet transition matrix method. Numerical examples are given for both concentric and eccentric damper operations. Jump phenomenon, subharmonic, and quasi-periodic vibrations are predicted for a range of bearing and unbalance parameters. The predicted jump phenomenon, subharmonic and quasi-periodic vibrations are further examined by using a numerical integration scheme to predict damper trajectories, calculate Poincare´ maps and power spectra. It is concluded that the introduction of unpressurized squeeze film dampers may promote undesirable nonsynchronous vibrations.

On the stability of a magnetically driven rotating fluid flow

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Azimuthal Velocity ◽  
Magnetic Reynolds Number ◽  
Taylor Number ◽  
Marginal Stability ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Neutral Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Direct Numerical Integration

After making the laboratory approximation of small magnetic Reynolds number, the steady, axisymmetric and purely azimuthal velocity profile that in principle can be generated in an incompressible viscous electrically conducting fluid contained in a fixed infinitely long circular cylinder by a magnetic field transverse to the cylinder axis and uniformly rotating with low frequency is subjected to infinitesimal axisymmetric perturbations. The principle of the exchange of stabilities is assumed to hold and the marginal-stability problem becomes a sixth-order eigenvalue problem involving the magnetic Taylor number and the axial wavenumber. An asymptotic analysis, based on the assumption that the magnetic Taylor number is large, and using solutions of the comparison equation d6y/dz6 = zy, is presented in order to obtain first approximations to the neutral-stability curves of the first and second eigenmodes, and compared with the results of direct numerical integration. It is found that at the onset of instability the secondary motions have a multi-cell structure, the motions in the region, near the cylinder wall, of adversely distributed angular momentum driving through weak viscous action the cells in the interior.

The Stability of Water Flow Over Heated and Cooled Flat Plates

1968 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Wazzan ◽  
T. Okamura ◽  
A. M. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Critical Reynolds Number ◽  
Free Stream ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Heated Wall ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Critical Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sommerfeld Equation

The theory of two-dimensional instability of laminar flow of water over solid surfaces is extended to include the effects of heat transfer. The equation that governs the stability of these flows to Tollmien-Schlichting disturbances is the Orr-Sommerfeld equation “modified” to include the effect of viscosity variation with temperature. Numerical solutions to this equation at high Reynolds numbers are obtained using a new method of integration. The method makes use of the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization technique to obtain linearly independent solutions upon numerically integrating the “modified Orr-Sommerfeld” equation using single precision arithmetic. The method leads to satisfactory answers for Reynolds numbers as high as Rδ* = 100,000. The analysis is applied to the case of flow over both heated and cooled flat plates. The results indicate that heating and cooling of the wall have a large influence on the stability of boundary-layer flow in water. At a free-stream temperature of 60 deg F and wall temperatures of 60, 90, 120, 135, 150, 200, and 300deg F, the critical Reynolds numbers Rδ* are 520, 7200, 15200, 15600, 14800, 10250, and 4600, respectively. At a free-stream temperature of 200F and wall temperature of 60 deg F (cooled case), the critical Reynolds number is 151. Therefore, it is evident that a heated wall has a stabilizing effect, whereas a cooled wall has a destabilizing effect. These stability calculations show that heating increases the critical Reynolds number to a maximum value (Rδ* max = 15,700 at a temperature of TW = 130 deg F) but that further heating decreases the critical Reynolds number. In order to determine the influence of the viscosity derivatives upon the results, the critical Reynolds number for the heated case of T∞ = 40 and TW = 130 deg F was determined using (a) the Orr-Sommerfeld equation and (b) the present governing equation. The resulting critical Reynolds numbers are Rδ* = 140,000 and 16,200, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the terms pertaining to the first and second derivatives of the viscosity have a considerable destabilizing influence.

scholarly journals A direct numerical integration scheme for visco-hyperelastic models using radial return relaxation

2010 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Stéphane Lejeunes ◽  
Stéphane Méo ◽  
Adnane Boukamel
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Exponential Mapping ◽  
First Order ◽  
Numerical Integration Scheme ◽  
Exponential Solution ◽  
Evolution Laws ◽  
Direct Numerical Integration ◽  
Hyperelastic Models

In this paper, a numerical integration scheme of the evolution laws for viscohyperelastic models is proposed. The starting points of the method are the exponential mapping (Reese et al., 1998) and the radial return (Weber et al., 1990; Simo, 1988). The originality of this work lies in the substitution of a differential tensorial system by a scalar one with two equations and two unknowns and in a first order Taylor expansion of them. In this way an analytical approximated exponential solution is finally obtained.

Stability of the developing laminar flow in a parallel-plate channel

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Chen ◽  
E. M. Sparrow
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Neutral Stability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Critical Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Plate Channel

The hydrodynamic stability of the developing laminar flow in the entrance region of a parallel-plate channel is investigated using the theory of small disturbances. The stability of the fully developed flow is also re-examined. A wide range of analytical (i.e. asymptotic) and numerical methods are employed in the stability investigation. Among the asymptotic methods, each of three viscous solutions (singular, regular and composite) is used along with the inviscid solution to provide critical Reynolds numbers and complete neutral stability curves. Two numerical methods, finite differences and stepwise integration, are applied to calculate critical Reynolds numbers. The basic flow in the development region is treated from two stand-points: as a channel velocity profile and as a boundary-layer velocity profile. Extensive comparisons among the various methods and flow models disclose their various strengths and ranges of applicability. As a general result, it is found that the critical Reynolds number decreases monotonically with increasing distance from the channel entrance, approaching the fully developed value as a limit.

The effect of mainflow transverse velocities in linear stability theory

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Chen ◽  
E. M. Sparrow ◽  
F. K. Tsou
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Transverse Velocity ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Linear Stability Theory ◽  
Surface Mass ◽  
Mass Injection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Critical Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sommerfeld Equation

In studying the stability of the boundary layer with surface mass injection, a generalized version of the Orr–Sommerfeld equation was derived which takes account of the transverse velocity component in the mainflow. The new terms in the generalized Orr–Sommerfeld equation are inversely proportional to the Reynolds number. The resulting eigenvalue problem was solved numerically for a wide range of values of the mass injection intensity. It was found that the critical Reynolds number (based on the distance from the leading edge) decreases with increasing mass injection. The deviations between the critical Reynolds numbers from the generalized and conventional Orr–Sommerfeld equations have a different sign at low injection intensities from that at high injection intensities.

Influence of viscosity temperature dependence on the spectral characteristics of the thermoviscous liquids flow stability equation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Nizamova ◽  
V.N. Kireev ◽  
S.F. Urmancheev
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Flat Channel ◽  
Stability Equation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermoviscous Fluid ◽  
Sommerfeld Equation

The flow of a viscous model fluid in a flat channel with a non-uniform temperature field is considered. The problem of the stability of a thermoviscous fluid is solved on the basis of the derived generalized Orr-Sommerfeld equation by the spectral decomposition method in Chebyshev polynomials. The effect of taking into account the linear and exponential dependences of the fluid viscosity on temperature on the spectral characteristics of the hydrodynamic stability equation for an incompressible fluid in a flat channel with given different wall temperatures is investigated. Analytically obtained profiles of the flow rate of a thermovisible fluid. The spectral pictures of the eigenvalues of the generalized Orr-Sommerfeld equation are constructed. It is shown that the structure of the spectra largely depends on the properties of the liquid, which are determined by the viscosity functional dependence index. It has been established that for small values of the thermoviscosity parameter the spectrum compares the spectrum for isothermal fluid flow, however, as it increases, the number of eigenvalues and their density increase, that is, there are more points at which the problem has a nontrivial solution. The stability of the flow of a thermoviscous fluid depends on the presence of an eigenvalue with a positive imaginary part among the entire set of eigenvalues found with fixed Reynolds number and wavenumber parameters. It is shown that with a fixed Reynolds number and a wave number with an increase in the thermoviscosity parameter, the flow becomes unstable. The spectral characteristics determine the structure of the eigenfunctions and the critical parameters of the flow of a thermally viscous fluid. The eigenfunctions constructed in the subsequent works show the behavior of transverse-velocity perturbations, their possible growth or decay over time.

Stability of two-layer stratified flow in inclined channels: applications to air entrainment in coating systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 173-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan C. Severtson ◽  
Cyrus K. Aidun
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Decomposition ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Generalized Eigenvalue ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Inclined Channels ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Air Liquid Interface ◽  
Sommerfeld Equation ◽  
Interfacial Mode

To understand the physics of air entrainment in thin-film liquid coating and other applications, the stability characteristics of general stratified two-layer Poiseuille-Couette flow are examined in inclined channels. Only one mode of instability, the interfacial mode, is obtained in the long-wave asymptotic limit. The generalized eigenvalue problem, formed by spectral decomposition and solution of the general two-layer Orr-Sommerfeld equation, is solved to obtain all of the critical modes. Analysis of the air/liquid interface corresponding to experiments reveals that because of the large density variation between the two layers, the interfacial mode is the only mode of instability in air entrainment. Results from the stability analysis of the flow near the contact line where air entrainment occurs are consistent with previous experimental observations.

Effect of Freestream Radial Velocity Component on Hydrodynamic Analysis of Propellers

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Terry Brockett
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Velocity Component ◽  
Additional Term ◽  
Radial Component ◽  
Radial Velocity Component ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Wake Fields

For wake fields with circumferential averages that include a small radial component, an additional termarises in the mathematical model used for design or performance prediction of propellers that has been previously overlooked. This term arises from the boundary condition that the blade is impenetrable and is a function of only geometry and the inflow radial velocity component. This simple additional term is shown to be important for the example considered, leading to a variable change in camber and a pitch reduction.

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