Shock Wave Structure in a Linear Elastic Mixture With Binary Chemical Reactions

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Nunziato ◽  
E. K. Walsh ◽  
D. E. Amos
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Compressive Wave ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Elastic Mixture ◽  
Solid Explosives ◽  
Thermochemical Equilibrium ◽  
And Diffusion

In this paper we consider the propagation of small-amplitude, one-dimensional shock waves in a linear elastic mixture with binary chemical reactions. The effects of heat conduction and diffusion are neglected. Using a numerical technique, along with the results of a singular surface analysis, the behavior of a compressive wave generated by a constant velocity suddenly applied to the boundary of a half space is determined. The influence of the type of chemical reaction and of the underlying state of thermochemical equilibrium on the wave behavior is discussed. In the case of exothermic reactions the results are found to be in qualitative agreement with some recent experimental observations on solid explosives.

Thermochemistry

2021 ◽  
pp. 325-343
Author(s):  
Christopher O. Oriakhi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Physical Change ◽  
Bond Energies ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Bond Dissociation ◽  
Quantity Of Heat

Thermochemistry explores the basic principles of energy changes in chemical reactions. Calorimetry is described as a tool to measure the quantity of heat involved in a chemical or physical change. Quantitative overviews of enthalpy and the stoichiometry of thermochemical equations are provided, including the concepts of endothermic and exothermic reactions. Standard conditions are defined to allow comparison of enthalpies of reactions and determine how the enthalpy change for any reaction can be obtained. Hess"s Law, which allows the enthalpy change of any reaction to be calculated, is discussed with illustrative examples. A presentation of bond energies and bond dissociation enthalpies is offered along with the use of bond enthalpy to estimate heats of reactions.

scholarly journals Two-Dimensional Stress Intensity Factor Analysis of Cracks in Anisotropic Bimaterial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Huei Tu ◽  
Jia-Jyun Dong ◽  
Chao-Shi Chen ◽  
Chien-Chung Ke ◽  
Jyun-Yong Jhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity Factors ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Intensity Factors ◽  
Straight Crack ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Elastic Fracture ◽  
Anisotropic Bimaterials

This paper presents a 2D numerical technique based on the boundary element method (BEM) for the analysis of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) problems on stress intensity factors (SIFs) involving anisotropic bimaterials. The most outstanding feature of this analysis is that it is a singledomain method, yet it is very accurate, efficient, and versatile (i.e., the material properties of the medium can be anisotropic as well as isotropic). A computer program using the BEM formula translation (FORTRAN 90) code was developed to effectively calculate the stress intensity factors (SIFs) in an anisotropic bi-material. This BEM program has been verified and showed good accuracy compared with the previous studies. Numerical examples of stress intensity factor calculation for a straight crack with various locations in both finite and infinite bimaterials are presented. It was found that very accurate results can be obtained using the proposed method, even with relatively simple discretization. The results of the numerical analysis also show that material anisotropy can greatly affect the stress intensity factor.

scholarly journals Modeling the electrochemical behavior and interfacial junction profiles of bipolar membranes at solar flux relevant operating current densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2149-2158
Author(s):  
Meng Lin ◽  
Ibadillah A. Digdaya ◽  
Chengxiang Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Solar Flux ◽  
Water Dissociation ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Operating Current ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Physics Model ◽  
And Diffusion

A 1D, multi-physics model that accounts for the migration and diffusion of species, electrostatics, and chemical reactions, in particular water dissociation, at BPM interfaces was developed to study the electrochemical behavior.

Heat Transfer Limitations of Gas-Liquid Exothermic Reactions in Microchannels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Kockmann ◽  
Michael Gottsponer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Continuous Mixing ◽  
Liquid Systems ◽  
Flow Heat ◽  
Liquid Mass Transfer ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Flowing Stream

Chemical reactions in gas-liquid systems are often occurring and embrace many issues, especially the contacting of the gas and liquid stream and generation of gas bubbles. Continuous mixing and generation of a large interface between the phases is very important for maintaining and intensifying a chemical reaction between the two phases. The generated heat from the chemical reaction has to be removed very quickly from the flowing stream, which is also a challenging task. Recent applications of microreactors at Lonza Ltd. are described with gas-liquid mass transfer and highly exothermic chemical reactions. The proper description and understanding of convective flow, heat transfer and reaction kinetics are essential for the successful application of microstructured devices.

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